EUnited States, abaMntu abanezeMpilo yoKhubazeka bathi abantwana abane-autism kunye neminye ingxaki yokuphuhliswa kufuneka bafakwe kwisilungiselelo "esincinci" esinokwenzeka. Esikolweni, imimiselo encinci yokukhusela, ngokuqinisekileyo, igumbi lokufundela eliqhelekileyo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantwana abancinci abane-autism banokusingatha igumbi lokufundela eliqhelekileyo kuba amaqela angama-schooling ayencinci, ngokuqhelekileyo amaqela amaninzi atholakalayo, kwaye ootitshala basenkulanga balindele ukuba abantwana abancinane kakhulu baphuhlise kwizantya ezahlukeneyo baze babonise amanqanaba ahlukeneyo olawulo lwangqondo.
Umntu oneminyaka emibili ubudala ene-autistic ephethe "ukutyhafaza" ayifani ngokugqithisileyo nomntu oneminyaka emibili ubudala "enomsindo." Ukuba umfundi wesikolo esiphezulu se-autistic uba ngumsindo, nokuba ngumntu omncinci, ongafundanga umntu omdala unako ukuthwala loo mntwana kwelinye igumbi ade ahlalise.
Esikolo sikarhulumente, kunjalo, izinto zihlukile.
Ukuqala ngexesha elimncinci kakhulu (ngokuqhelekileyo ngebanga le-1), abafundi banzima ukuba bahlale behlala ixesha elide, baphulaphule baze baphendule umyalelo othethekileyo, bathetha kunye nokusebenzisana nabalingana nabo, baxubushe iishedyuli eziyinkimbinkimbi, baphendule kakuhle iintsimbi kunye neendawo zokulala, kwaye-nzima kunabo bonke-fundani, ngokuxelisa indlela yokuba "yinkwenkwe" yezintshukumo kwizentlalo ezingenakulungiswa njengemini isidlo sasemini.
Ngamafutshane, isikolo sinokungena kwisimo esinzima kakhulu kumntu oye wakhazamisa izakhono zomlomo, akafundanga ngokumxelisa, kwaye kulula ukuguqulwa ngokutshintshwa, imisindo ephakamileyo, kunye neemeko ezingakhange zichazwe kwaye azichazi.
Kwiingcamango, ngokusekelwe kumthetho we-IDEA, bonke abantwana abakhubazekileyo kufuneka bafakwe kwiiklasi eziqhelekileyo. Ngokwenza oko, oku akunakwenzeka njalo, kuyasebenza, okanye kuyimfuneko. Umntu ongenakufunda ukuthetha, ukufunda, okanye ukubhala akunakwenzeka ukuba aphume ezininzi eklasini apho ukuthetha, ukufunda nokubhala kubona kuphela iindlela zokunxibelelana okanye ukuboniswa kokufunda kwabo bonke abanye abafundi.
Kodwa kuthekani ngomntwana onokufunda, ukubhala, nokuthetha-kodwa ngubani na ophetheyo? Ngaba loo mntu kufuneka abe "kwindawo ekhethekileyo" okanye "jikelele"?
Ekubeni umthetho ugunyazisa ukuba ukhetho oluqhelekileyo (kwaye iintsapho ezininzi zikhetha ingcamango yokubandakanywa nantoni na), abantwana abanomlinganiselo ophezulu wokusebenza nge-autism bavame ukufakwa kwigumbi lokufundela nge-1: 1 uncedo-umntu ojoliswe ngokupheleleyo kufuneka ukuba kuncedise umntwana omnye ukuba "afumane ikharityhulam jikelele."
Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko ohlala kuyo, i-1: 1 ii-aid zinakho okanye zingenakufuneka ukuba zibe noqeqesho lwasekholejini okanye uqeqesho oluthile lomsebenzi wabo (nakuba bonke bafuna uhlobo oluthile loqeqesho oluyisiseko). Akunjalo naziphi na izixhobo ezilindelekileyo ukuba zifundise abafundi abajongene nabo.
Ngoko yintoni i-1: 1 aides? Impendulo iyahluka kuzo zonke iimeko, kodwa zikhona ezinye iindlela apho uncedo lunokunceda umntwana nge autism ukuba yinxalenye yesimo semfundo jikelele:
- Umncedisi angakhokela umntwana wakho ukuba ahlale egxile kwiimfundo ngokumnceda ukuba athole incwadi okanye iphepha elifanelekileyo, landela imiyalelo, uphakamise isandla sakhe, njl.
- Umncedisi unokunceda umntwana wakho ukuba aphathe ukuziphatha kwakhe ngokuphumeza isicwangciso sokuziphatha esenziwe ngumsebenzi weengcali.
- Umncedisi unokunceda umntwana wakho athethe ishedyuli yakhe ngokuhamba naye kwiiklasi ezahlukeneyo kunye / okanye oogqirha.
- Umncedisi unokuxhasa ukufundiswa kwentlalo yengqondo yakho ngokukhuthaza umdlalo weqela okanye ingxoxo kwisetyenziswanga esilungileyo njengendawo yokudlala okanye amagumbi okuhlwa.
- Umncedisi unokunceda abelaphi abantwana bakho ngokuqokelela idatha malunga neendlela zokuziphatha kulo lonke usuku lwesikolo.
- Umncedisi unokukuncedisa ngokubonelela ngolwazi olunolwazi olufanelekileyo malunga nosuku lomntwana ukuya kumava omhla kwisikolo.
Ngoxa 'ngokwenene' akufanele 'akuxelele' ngabafundisi abanzima okanye nabafunda nabo, kwiimeko ezininzi uncedo luba ngumthombo ongcono kakhulu womzali malunga noko kwenzekayo esikolweni.
Unokuba yinkqubo enkulu yokuxhasa umntwana wakho. Kodwa-ke, qaphela ukuba i-1: 1 aides ayikho into eyenziwe ilinganayo: umntu onokumncedisa walo nyaka unokutshintshwa ngumlindi-ntlalontle wonyaka ozayo ozibona njengomncedisi weklasi lonke.