Iimvo Zethu Zengqondo Ziwela Ngaphakathi Kwezinkozo Zethu
I-optic chiasm yinto eyenziwe ngohlobo lwe-X eyenziwe ngokugqithisa kwama-optic nerve engqondweni. I-nertic optic idibanisa ingqondo kwiso.
Kwizinto zezinto eziphilayo, i-optic chiasm kucatshangelwa ukuba yindlela yokuguquka kwemvelo. Kucatshangelwa ukuba ukuwela kunye nokugqithisa ama-fibtic nerve fibers ezihamba nge-optic chiasm zenziwe ngendlela enjalo ekuncedeni kwimiboniso yombono kunye nokulungelelanisa isandla.
I-Anatomy ye-Optic Chiasm
Kwi-optic chiasm, i-nerve fibers ukusuka kwisiqingatha se- retina nganye iyawela ngaphesheya kwengqondo. Iimbumba ezivela kwesinye isiqingatha se-retina ziyahamba kwicala elinye lobuchopho. Ngenxa yale ngqungquthela, isiqingatha ngasinye sengqondo sifumana iimpawu ezibonakalayo kwiindawo ezibonakalayo zombini.
Izifo ze-Optic Chiasm
Kukho izimbandezelo ezininzi kunokuba zichaphazele i-optic chiasm. Ezi ziquka:
- izifo ezivuthayo ezinjenge-multiple sclerosis
- izifo ezifana nesifo sofuba
- izilonda (ezingekho komhlaza) kunye nezikhwama
- izifo zomhlaza
- isisulu (isitya segazi)
Indlela i-Pituitary Adenoma ithinta ngayo i-Optic Chiasm
Ingxaki eqhelekileyo echaphazela i-optic chiasm yi-adenoma ye-pituitary. I-adenomas ye-Pituitary yimizimba ebunzima. Kwiimeko ezininzi, abanakho impembelelo kuzo zonke, kodwa kwezinye iimeko, zinokuchaphazela umbono, ngezinye iinkhathi kubangela ukulahleka kombono. Njengoko bekhula ngobukhulu, i-pituitary adenomas inokubeka uxinzelelo kwizakhiwo ezibalulekileyo emzimbeni, njengentsimbi ye-optic.
Ukubeka uxinzelelo kwiimbilini ze-optic kungabangela ubumpumputhe, ngoko kubalulekile ukuba oogqirha bezilwanyana bafumane izicubu ze-pituitary ngaphambi kokuba bangela umonakalo embonweni.
I-pituitary gland iyimalunga nobukhulu bebhontshisi kwaye ifakwe kwisiseko sengqondo emva kwendawo yangasese. ihleli phantsi kwe-optic chiasm.
Nangona incinci, i-pituitary ilawula ukugcinwa kweentlobo ezininzi zee-hormone. Inceda ukugcina ukukhula kunye nophuhliso kwaye ulawula ezininzi iingqungquthela ezahlukeneyo, izitho kunye namahomoni. Utshintsho kwi-hormone lunokubangela ukuba utshintsho olukhulu kwiimzimba zethu.
Ngaphandle kweenguqu zenguquko ezifana nombono ombini , iinkophe ze-drooping kunye nokulahlekelwa kwintsimi ebonakalayo, i-pituitary adenomas nayo ingabangela ezi zilandelayo:
- Intloko
- Isihlunu okanye ukuhlanza
- Sitshintsha ngomqondo wokuvumba
- Ukungasebenzi kwezesondo
- Ukuxinezeleka
- Ubunzima obungachazwanga bugugu
- Sitshintsha kwiimens okanye ekupheleni kwesikhashana
Kutheni iZifo ze-Optic Chiasm zingabi nzima ukuzibona
Xa isifo okanye isilonda sithinta i-nertic optic ngaphambi kokuba sifinyelele kwi-optic chiasm kwingqondo, isiphoso kwimbono siya kubonakala kwiso linye kuphela kwaye sinokuchaphazela yonke indawo yelo liso. Abantu abahluphekayo ngesinye isimo se-side defect bangaziboni kuze kube yilapho iliso elinye lifihliwe. Kungenxa yokuba, xa bobabini amehlo bevulekile, iindawo ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo zeso nganye ziza kuphazamisa isiphako.
Ukuba eso sifo sichaphazela iphetshana le-optic emva kwesifo, umntu uya kuba nesiphene embonweni wabo kwimiba yomibini, kodwa isiphoso siya kuguqula isiqingatha esifanayo sembonakalo.
> Imithombo:
> Kidd, D. I-optic chiasm. I-Handb Clin Neurol. 2011; 102: 185-203.
> O'Connell JEA. I-anatomy ye-optic chiasma kunye ne-hemianopia. I-Journal ye-Neurology, i-Neurosurgery kunye ne-Psychiatry . 1973; 36 (5): 710-723.
> Prasad, iSashank. Iingxaki ezibonakalayo ngenxa yokuhlambalaza. UBrigham kunye neSibhedlele sabasetyhini. KwiWebhu. 2016.