Ukuba uye wafumanisa ukuba une-ulcerative colitis, isicwangciso sakho sonyango siya kuthatha ingqwalasela iimpawu zakho ezithile kunye nokuba sele unesi sifo kangakanani. I-over-the-counter (i-OTC) kunye namayeza omyalelo angasetyenziswa; ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila kunokucetyiswa, kunye nokunyangwa okunye kunye nokunye unyango. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, iinkqubo zokucocwa kokususa iindawo ezigulayo zekholoni zinokunceda kwaye zinciphise umngcipheko wokuvelisa umdlavuza wekoloni.
Imigaqo
Iindidi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zonyango zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimpawu zesifo sezilonda zesilonda, sisodwa okanye sidibene. Ezinye ziyakuthatyathwa rhoqo, ngelixa ezinye iziyobisi ezisebenza ngokukhawuleza zinikezelwa ngexesha elifutshane ukuphatha unyango olusebenzayo. Abanye babo banokuba nemiphumo emibi kakhulu, ngoko kubalulekile ukuba uhlale unxibelelana nodokotela wakho ukuze uqikelele ingozi kunye neenzuzo.
Ulwaphulo-mthetho
Izidakamizwa ezichasayo zisoloko ziqala ukunyanga kwi-ulcerative colitis. Ziquka:
- 5-aminosalicylates. Kuxhomekeke kwiyiphi inxalenye yekholoni yakho echaphazelekayo, ungathatha la magama, okanye njenge-enema okanye i-suppository. Eminye imizekelo ibandakanya i-sulfasalazine (i-Azulfidine), i-mesalamine (i-Asacol HD, i-Delzicol, enye), i-balsalazide (i-Colazal), ne-olsalazine (i-Dipentum).
- Corticosteroids. I-Prednisone kunye ne-hydrocortisone ziwela kuloluhlu; Ngokuqhelekileyo zigcinwe ukuba zenzeke ngokuthe ngqo kwi-colitis ye-ulcerative colitis engaphenduli kwamanye unyango, ngenxa yezinto ezinobungozi obubi.
Abaxhasi bamachiza omzimba
Ezi zonyango ukulawula ukuvuvukala ngokunciphisa impendulo ye-immune system. Zihlala zinikwe ngokudibeneyo. Eli klasi liquka:
- I-Azathioprine (i-Azasan, i-Imuran) kunye ne-mercaptopurine (iPinetinethol, i-Purixan). Ezi zizona zi-immunosuppressants ezisetyenziselwa kakhulu unyango lwezifo zesibindi. Ukuthabatha kufuna ukuba ulandelelene kunye nogqirha wakho kwaye igazi lakho lihlolwe rhoqo ukuze likhangele imiphumo emibi, kuquka imiphumo yesibindi kunye ne-pancreas.
- I-Cyclosporine (iGengraf, i-Neoral, iSandimmune). Esi sigqirha sivame ukugcinwa kubantu abangazange baphendule kakuhle kwezinye iyeza. I-Cyclosporine ineziphumo ezinobungozi obubi kwaye akusebenzi ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide.
- Infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab (Humira) kunye ne-golimumab (Simponi). Ezi zi yobisi, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, okanye i-biologics, zisebenza ngokunciphisa iphrotheni eyenziwa ngumzimba wakho wokuzivikela. Ziyabantu abantu abanesifo esilonda esiswini abangaphenduliyo okanye abanako ukunyamezela ezinye iindlela zonyango.
- Vedolizumab (Entyvio). La mayeza asanda kuvunywa ukuba unyango lwe-ulcerative colitis kubantu abangaphenduliyo okanye abanako ukunyamezela ezinye iindlela zokwelapha. Isebenza ngokuthintela iiseli ezivuthayo ukuba zifike kwindawo yokuvuvukala.
Antibiotics
I-antibiotics inokumiselwa ukuba usulelekile kwi-colon krokreksi, kodwa abantu abane-ulcerative colitis ngamanye amaxesha bayelulekwa malunga nokusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics xa bengabalulekanga ngokucacileyo, njengoko banokubangela uhudo.
Abanye abaphandi bacinga ukuba kukho ukuxhamla phakathi kokusetyenziswa kwe-antibiotic kunye nokuphuhliswa kwesifo sesibindi (IBD), enye ifom ye-ulcerative colitis. Le ngqungquthela ayisayi kuvunyelwa, kunye nezifundo ezimbalwa kunye nobungqina obungqina bokuxhasa.
I-Over-the-Counter (OTC) Iipilisi
Soloko uthetha nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthenga i-OTC. Nazi ezinye ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-ulcerative colitis:
- Amachiza e-anti-diarrheal. I-Loperamide (igama elinye lomenzi we-imodium), lunokunceda ngorhudo, kodwa sebenzisa ngokuqaphela, njengoko oku kunokwandisa umngcipheko wekoloni ekhulisiweyo (ebizwa ngokuthi i-megacolon enobuthi).
- Ubuhlungu buyanceda. Ukuba ubuhlungu bubuhlungu, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma i-acetaminophen (iTylenol). Gwema ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, abanye), i-naproxen sodium (Aleve), kunye ne-diclofenac sodium (i-Voltaren), enokuthi ibenzi ngakumbi iimpawu kunye nokwandisa ubunzima besifo.
- Enemas. I-enemas equkethe i-butyrate inokusebenza kakuhle ekuphatheni i-ulcerative colitis kwiindawo zokugqibela zekholoni (ebizwa ngokuba yi-distal ulcerative colitis). Itholakala njenge-enema okanye njenge-suppository.
- Iitrato zongeza. Ukuba unesifo sokugula esiswini esingapheliyo, unokuhlakulela i-anemia yokuntuleka kwesinyithi; izongezo zensimbi zinokunceda.
Utyando
Phantse iipesenti ezingama-30 zabantu abane-ulcerative colitis baya kufuna ukuhlinzwa ukuze bafumane ukuphunyulwa kwiimpawu, iziphumo zonyango eziyingozi, okanye ukunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza wekoloni. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuhlinzwa ngokukhawulezayo kuyadingeka ukuba kukho ukuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza kwekoloni okanye ukuphuma kwegazi.
Utyando, olubizwa ngokuba yi-colectomy, lubandakanya ukususwa kwe-intestine enkulu (i-colon). Kukho iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zokuhlinzwa, kunye nale mibini yinto eqhelekileyo kunyango lwe-ulcerative colitis:
Proctocolectomy nge-pole-anal anal anastomosis (IPAA)
Kule nkqubo, intumbu enkulu kunye neninzi yecala liyakususwa, kwaye inkunkuma encinane (ebizwa ngokuba yi-J-pouch) idalwe ngaphandle kwamathumbu amancinci kwaye iqhotyoshelwe kwi-rectum esele ngaphezu kwe-anus. Ngenxa yokuba imisipha ye-anus (anal sphincter) ayisuswanga, le nkqubo ivumela abantu ukuba bahlale belawula izibilini zabo.
Iyonke inttocolectomy
Oku kutyunjwa kubandakanya ukususwa ngokupheleleyo kweembilini ezinkulu, i-rectum, kunye ne-anus, kwaye uphephe ngokusisigxina i-ulcerative colitis kwaye iphelise umngcipheko womhlaza wekoloni. Nangona kunjalo, kuba i-rectum ne-anus isuswe, kufuneka ube ne-eliostomy esisigxina. Kwi-ileostomy, udokotela ohlinzayo uzisa ukuphela kwesahlulo esiphantsi kwesisu esincane (ileum) ngaphandle kokuvula kwindonga yesisu (stoma). Abantu abane-ileostomy mabahlale begqoka iplastiki yephepha (ileostomy bag) phezu kokuvula ukuqokelela isitulo esiphumelayo.
Wena kunye nodokotela wakho ugqirha uza kuxubusha ukuba yeyiphi indlela enokuyilungele yona, isekelwe iimpawu zakho ezithile kunye nesimo sempilo yonke, kunye nendlela yokuphila kunye nezinto ozikhethayo.
I-Medicine eQinisiweyo kunye neyanye
Nangona ezinye zezo mpendulo zikholelwa ngokuqinile ukuba zinempumelelo ekunciphiseni iimpawu, akukho namnye oye wafumana uphando olunzulu lwekliniki. Nazi ezinye ezithathu eziye zaqala ukutsala ingqalelo abaphandi bezonyango:
Probiotics
Iiprobiotics zikholelwa ukuba zinenzuzo ekulawuleni i-ulcerative colitis nezinye izifo ezingapheliyo zokutya. La mabhinterri "abanobubele" ahlala ekwazi ukulawula ibhaktheriya eyingozi xa iyancipha ukutshabalala nokuphucula umgca wokukhusela. Ziyabonwa njengekhuselekile kungekho miphumo ebalulekileyo yecala.
Aloe vera gel
I-Aloe vera gel sele ifunyenwe kwizifundo ukuba ibe nempembelelo ekuchaseni kubantu abane-colitis. Icandelo eliyimpumputhe elinesibini, iilingo ezingenangqiqo lihlolisise ukuphumelela kwe-gel yomlomo kubantu abangama-30 abamiselwe kabini imihla ngemihla, i-100 mL dose. Emva kweeveki ezine, ukukhululwa kwekliniki kubonwe ngabantu aba-9 (iipesenti ezingama-30), ukuphuculwa kweekliniki kubonwe kwi-11 (37 ekhulwini), kwaye iimpendulo zekliniki zabonakala kwi-14 (47 ekhulwini).
Boswellia
I-Boswellia iyimifuno yezokwelapha ephuma kumthi wendawo eya eNdiya. Isithako esisebenzayo esifumaneka kwi-resin ye-bark kwaye ikholelwa ukuba ineempembelelo ezinamandla ezichasayo. Kulo liphuma kwi-Boswellia lisetyenziselwa ukunyanga izimo ezivuthayo ezinjenge-rheumatoid arthritis kodwa ngaphandle kwesifo esiswini esivame ukubonwa ngeentlungu eziqhelekileyo.
Gcina ukhumbule ukuba ukuxhaswa kunye nezinye iindlela zokwelapha ezizezinye azihlolwanga ngokukhawuleza ukwenzela ukhuseleko kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, oomama, abantwana, okanye abantu abanezimo zonyango. Nangona kukho iindlela zokuthatha izongezo ngokukhuselekileyo, akufanele zisebenzise njengokuba utshintshe unyango oluqhelekileyo. Njalo xelela umnonophelo wakho wezempilo malunga nayiphi na isongezo, imishanguzo, okanye izilwanyana ezinokuthi uthathe.
IziPhulo zaseKhaya kunye neMilinganiselo yokuPhila
Ukutshintsha kwindlela yokutya kunye nendlela yokuphila kunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu zakho nokulondoloza ixesha phakathi kwama-flare-ups. Unokwazi ukufumana uncedo olusuka kwizilonda zesilonda ngokuthatha ezinye zeendlela zokuphila ezilandelayo:
- Nciphisa imveliso yobisi. Iingxaki ezinjenge-diarrhea, intlungu yesisu, kunye negesi kunokuphucula ngokunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa imveliso yobisi. Unokuba yi-lactose engavumiyo-oko kukuthi, umzimba wakho awukwazi ukugaya ubisi ushukela (i-lactose) ekudleni kweebisi. Ukusebenzisa imveliso ye-enzyme efana neLacid iyakunceda kwakhona.
- Nciphisa i fiber. Ukutya okuphezulu, njengezityalo ezintsha kunye nemifuno kunye neengqolowa ezipheleleyo, kunokukwenza ukuba iimpawu zakho zibe zibi nakakhulu. Ukuba izityalo eziqingqiweyo kunye nemifuno ikukhathaza, zama ukupheka. (Ukutya kwintsapho yeklabishi, efana ne-broccoli kunye nekholifulawa, kunokusichukumisa ngokukodwa.)
- Zama iintlanzi ezinamanci. I-Omega-3 fatty acids, amafutha enempilo atholakala kwi-salmon kunye ne-mackeral, angagcina ukuvuvukala kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu ze-ulcerative colitis.
- Gwema ukutya okunesonka, utywala kunye ne-caffeine. Ezi ziyakwenza ukuba iimpawu zakho zibe zibi nakakhulu.
- Yidla ukutya okuncinci. Izidlo ezintlanu okanye ezintandathu ezincinane ngosuku kunokuba zimbini okanye ezintathu zinkulu ziyakunceda ukugaya ngokulula nangempumelelo.
> Imithombo:
> Fedorak, R. "iiProbiotics kwi-Management of Ulcerative Colitis." J Clin Gastroenterol. 2015 I-Nov-Dec; 49 I-Suppl 1 >: S50-5 >. > inkcukacha >: 10.1097 / MCG.0000000000000368.
> I-Clinical Mayo, Ulcerative Colitis.
> I-Merck Manual, I-Consumer Version. Ulcerative Colitis.
> Sutherland LR, uMartin F, uGerer S, et al. "5-Aminosalicylic Acid Enema kwi-Treatment of Distal Ulcerative Colitis, Proctosigmoiditis, kunye neProctitis." Gastroenterology 1987; 92: 1894-1898. 5 Oktobha 2010. Ithenda: 10.1016 / 0016-5085 (87) 90621-4