Ifana ne-polycythemia vera ephambili, i-polycythemia yesibini yintlupheko ebangela ukuba kubekho ukuveliswa kwee-red cells. Xa kuninzi iilomzimba zegazi ezibomvu ziveliswa, igazi liba likhulu, likhuphe ukuhamba kwayo kwimithambo encinci yegazi.
Ukwahlukana phakathi kwezi zibini kuhlobene nento edibeneyo nengxaki. I-polycythemia yesiqhelo idibene nenkqubo yesifo esingaphantsi (njenge-COPD), kodwa i- polycythemia ephambili ayikho .
Izizathu
Ngenxa yokuba i-polycythemia yesibini inxulumene nenkqubo yesifo esisiseko, izinto ezichaphazela iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zidla ngokuba yimbangela. Umsebenzi weeseli zegazi elibomvu ukuhambisa i-oksijini kumathambo omzimba. Ukutshaya, umzekelo, ukuphazamisa le nkqubo, ngoko ke yinto ebangela i-polycythemia yesibili. Amanye aquka:
- Ukuchithwa kwekhabhoni ye-carbon monoxide
- Isifo esingapheliyo okanye isifo semiphunga (njengeCOPD)
- Phezulu
- Iintsimbi zeentso
- Ubunzima, ubunobindi okanye izibilini ze-uterine
Iimpawu
Iimpawu ze-polycythemia zibandakanya oku kulandelayo:
- Ubuthathaka
- Intloko
- Ukukhathala
- Lightheadedness
- Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
- Ukuphazamiseka kokubonakalayo
- Pruritis (itching)
- Ubuhlungu kwisifuba okanye kwimisipha yomlenze
- Ubumba obomvu
- Ukudideka
- Ukubetha ezindlebeni (tinnitus)
- Ukutshisa kwezandla okanye iinyawo
Ukuxilongwa
Ukulinganisa ama-oksijini amaninzi egazini kunye nokuhlolwa kwegazi eyaziwa njengegazi lokugaya igazi (ABG's) kunokunceda oogqirha benze i-diagnostic ye-polycythemia yesibili.
Ezinye iimvavanyo zegazi ziquka ukulingana kwe-erythropoietin kunye namanqanaba obomvu obunzima begazi.
Iimvavanyo zokuxilonga ezongezelelweyo zingaquka:
- I-xst ray
- I-Electrocardiogram (EKG)
- Ukuphonononga iimvavanyo ukufumanisa ukwandiswa kweseyile okanye isibindi
Unyango
Unyango lwe-polycythemia yesibini kufuneka ulawule okanye ukhuphe umqathango.
Uncedo lweSimptom lungabandakanya imishanguzo efana ne-antihistamines yokukhupha i-aspirin, okanye i-aspirin yokunciphisa intlungu kunye nokutshisa okuchaphazelekayo.
Ngenxa yokuba kuthatha ixesha lokunyanga imeko, oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha basebenzisa i- phlebotomy (ukutshatyalaliswa kwegazi) ngomzamo wokunciphisa inani lamaseli obomvu egazini. Okungathi i-pint ingasuswa kwisimo esinye, nje kuphela isigulane sinokunyamezela.
Prognosis
Ukuba sele usujamelana nesimo esisodwa esingenza ukuba i-polycythemia yesibili, njengeCOPD okanye i-tumor, ukufunda ukuba unesifo sesibini ukuxhatshazwa kuyaqondakala. Ufuna uzive ungcono, kungabi nakakhulu.
Khumbula ukuba i-polycythemia yesibili ibangelwa yimeko ephantsi, ininzi yazo eyaziwayo kwaye inezinyathelo ezininzi zokwelashwa ezikhoyo. Xa isizathu esilungileyo sisilungisiwe, iimpawu zesibini ze-polycythemia ziya kuhamba. Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kukukhokela ngendlela efanelekileyo yokulungisa isigqibo.
Umthombo:
Smeltzer, S., Bare, Brenda. Brunner kunye ne-Suddarth's Bookbook ye-Nursing-Surgical Nursing. Uluhlu lwesibhozo. 1996. Lippincott-Raven Publishers.