Umsebenzi ophantsi we-thyroid ungathintela ukukhula nophuhliso
Iingxaki zeTyroid zingathintela abantwana ngokubanzi nabantu abadala, kodwa abaqhelekanga njengokuba abanye abazali bakholelwa. Ngelixa abanye abazali beza kuba neengxaki zokufumana ubunzima bomntwana "kwimiba ye-thyroid," akunjalo.
Xa iingxaki ze-thyroid zenzeka kubantwana, ixhomekeke kakhulu kwi-thyroid gland, engaziwa ngokuba yi- hypothyroidism .
Oku kubangela ukuveliswa kwee-hormone ze-thyroid eziye zancitshiswa, eziza kubangela iingxaki zokuxilisa kubantwana, kubandakanywa ubude obufutshane, ukulibazisa ukutshatyalaliswa, kunye nokukhathala.
Isizathu se-hypothyroidism sinokuzalwa (inentsingiselo eyayizuzwa kubazali bakho) okanye ifunyenwe (ebangelwa ezinye iimeko ezifana nesifo sikaHashimoto, ukusilela kwe-iodine, okanye unyango lwe-radiation). Kulinganiselwa ukuba omnye kuwo onke ama-1,500 ukuya ku-3 000 abantwana baya kufumana i-hypenroidism yokuzalwa, ngelixa enye kwi-100 iya kukhula ifunyenwe i-hypothyroidism.
Umsebenzi ophantsi we-thyroid uyingxaki njengoko unokuphazamisa ukukhula nokukhula komntwana. Ukukhathala kubangelwa ukuphazamisana nokusebenza esikolweni nokuphanga abantwana bamandla adingekayo kwimidlalo kunye neminye imisebenzi.
I-Hypothyroidism yamaKhanjethi
Isizathu esiqhelekileyo sokuzalwa kwengqondo ye-hypothyroidism yindlela ye-thyroid i-dysgenesis apho isifo se-thyroid sinokulahleka, siphumelele, okanye siqhutywe kakubi.
I-dysgenesi ye-Thyroid ibandakanya malunga nama-85 ekhulwini kuwo onke ama-castic hypothyroid cases.
Ezinye izizathu ziquka imeko ebizwa ngokuthi i-thyroid dyshormonogenesis, apho i-hormone ye-thyroid ayilungiswanga ngokufanelekileyo ngenxa yesiphene semfuza.
Uninzi olutsha olusandul 'ukuzalwa lwentlungu ye-hypothyroidism luya kuba lunezibonakaliso zesifo.
Abo benzayo bangabonakalisa ubuqhetseba, ukutya okubi, ukuzitywa kunye nokukhala okukhulu. Esinye isibonakaliso sokutsalathisa sithatha i-jaundice. Yona xa umbala ophuzi wekhumba olusandulweyo, olubonwa kwi-50 engama-30 ekhulwini lweintsana ezizeleyo, liqhubeka ixesha elide kuneveki ezimbini.
Uvavanyo lokuqala lwe-thyrotropin okanye u- thyroxine (T4) luyilo lokuqala lokuxilongwa kwiintsana. Emva kokuxilongwa kakuhle, injongo yonyango ukulungelelanisa amanqanaba e-hormone ukwenzela ukuba umntwana akwazi ukukhula ngokuqhelekileyo, kokubili umzimba (ochaphazela umzimba) kunye neurologically (ngokubhekisele kwingqondo kunye nenkqubo yesantya).
Ufumane i-Hypothyroidism
Isifo sikaHashimoto (esaziwa nangokuthi iHashimoto's thyroiditis) kukuba, ngokude, isizathu esiqhelekileyo sokufumana i-hypothyroidism. Ingxaki yokuzimela komzimba apho i-immune system inobungozi kwaye ivula ukuhlaselwa kwimizimba ye-thyroid ephilileyo.
Ukufunyanwa kwe-hypothyroidism kubonwa ngamaxesha amane emantombazaneni kunamakhwenkwe. Esinye sezibonakaliso zezibonakaliso ukukhukhumeza kwentamo ebangelwa ukwandiswa kwe-thyroid gland (goiter). Ezinye iimpawu ze-hypothyroidism ziquka:
- Isiqu esifutshane okanye ukunyuswa kokukhula
- Ubunzima, isikhumba esomileyo
- Ukutyunjwa
- Ukunganyanzelwanga
- Intloko
- Ukukhathala
- Ukulala ngokweqile
- Ingxaki zo mbono
- Ukululaza
- Ukukhutshwa kwe-Milky nipple ( galactorrhea )
- Izitenxo zokusesikweni
- Ukutshatyalaliswa kokutshatyalaliswa (ngokuqhelekileyo isibonakaliso sokuqala esibonakalayo kwiminyaka yeshumi elivisayo)
- Ubusana bokuqala (ubuninzi babonwa ngabantwana abanezifo ezinzima, ezide kakhulu)
Uvavanyo lomzimba kunye novavanyo lwe-T4 lungasetyenziselwa ukuxilongwa. Indlela yokwenza unyango ifana ne-congenital hypothyroidism. Iinjongo zonyango zigcina amanqanaba e-hormone eziqhelekileyo kwaye ziqinisekise ukukhula okuqhelekileyo kunye nophuhliso ngokubuntwa nobuncinci. I dose yenziwe ngokwezifiso kumntwana kwaye ibuye ihlaziywe zonke iinyanga ezintathu ukuya ezintandathu de ibe ifikelele ekuphakameni okupheleleyo.
Ubunzima beNtlungu kunye neengxaki zeTyroid
Abantwana abangaphezu kwamandla amaninzi kunye nabantwana abagqithiseleyo kwi-US bangela ingxaki kodwa enye engabonakaliyo ibangelwa yi-hypothyroidism. Enyanisweni, kuye kwaba yinto ethile yokutsalwa kwezi ngxaki "njengengqondo" xa ezininzi zibangelwa kukutya okungenabungozi kunye nokungabikho kokuzivocavoca.
Abantwana abane-hypothyroidism ngamanye amaxesha babonakala ngathi baphethe amakhilogremu angaphezulu ngenxa yokuba abazukude. Kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi, ukugqithisa kakhulu kunokukhokelela ekutshintsheni komsebenzi we-thyroid kunokuba ngenye indlela. Ingakumbi kubantwana, izinga eliphakanyisiweyo le-TSH lidla ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngenxa yokunyanya kuninzi kwaye kungekhona isizathu.
> Umthombo:
> Hanley, P .; Nkosi, K .; kunye noBauer, A. "Ukukhathazeka kwe-Thyroid kwi-Children kunye ne-Adolescents". JAMA Pediatrics. 2016; 170 (10): 1008-1019. INGXELO: 10.1001 / jamapediatrics.2016.0486.