I-muscular dystrophy (MD) liqela lezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi " X-linked" izifo eziphathekayo ezibangelwa ubuthakathaka obubuthakathaka kunye nokuguqulwa kwesisipha somzimba. Ngokutsho kweZiko leZiko lezeMpilo, ezinye iifom ze-MD zibonakala kubuntwaneni okanye kusebuntwaneni xa abanye bengabonakali kude kube seminyaka yobudala okanye kamva.
Izinto zobungozi
Ukuba i-X-linked, i-dystrophy ye-muscular iphantse ichaphazela abesilisa, kunye namakhwenkwe amaninzi azuza iinguqu kumama wabo.
Kwingxenye yesithathu yabantwana abane-muscular dystrophy, unina akayena umphathiswa we-MD kwaye bavelise njengenguqu entsha.
Malunga ne-1 kuwo onke ama-3 500 ukuya ku-5000 amakhwenkwe azalwa ene-MD, enama-400 ukuya kuma-600 amatyala amatsha ngonyaka ngamnye e-United States.
I-Duchenne MD yindlela eqhelekileyo ye-muscular dysstrophy kwaye ibangelwa ukungabikho kweprotheni dystrophin. Le ngxaki ephazamisayo eqhubekayo ngokukhawuleza, kunye nabaninzi abasweleyo (abaphantse bonke abafana) abanako ukuhamba nge-12 ubudala kwaye bafuna ukuphefumula ukuphefumula.
I-Becker MD iyafana kodwa ingaphantsi kuneDuchenne MD. I-Facioscapulohumeral MD idla ngokuqala kwiminyaka yeshumi elivisayo kwaye ibangela ubuthathaka obuqhubekayo kwimisipha yobuso, iingalo, imilenze, kunye neeplanga kunye nesifuba. Iqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kunokuba i-Duchenne kunye neempawu zivela kwi-mild to disabling.
Ifom enkulu yabantu abaqhelekileyo ye-disorder yi-Myotonic MD. Iimpawu zalo ziquka izidumbu ze-muscle, i-cataract, kunye ne-endocrine kunye neengqondo ezingaqhelekanga.
Ngokutsho kweZiko loLawulo lweZifo, "kukho unyango olutshanje olunokunceda ukucotha ukunyuka kwegazi, njengokusetyenziswa kwe-steroids, kodwa akukho nonyango."
Iimpawu ze-Muscular Dystrophy kwi-Toddlers
Iimpawu zeDuchenne MD ziqala ukubonisa ukuba umntwana uneminyaka engama-3 no-6 ubudala kwaye bayaqaphela ukuba umntwana wabo unenkathazo ngezakhono zamandla.
Umntwana usenokuba ehla rhoqo, unzima ukuvuka xa ehleli okanye elele phantsi, okanye unzima ukunyuka izitebhisi. Abantwana bahamba kunye namahlombe agxotha emva okanye kwizinzwane zabo ngohlobo lwesitya, okanye kunokulibaziseka behamba bebodwa. Abazali banokuqaphela ukuba umntwana uye wandisa imisipha yamathole, ngenxa ye-pseudohypertrophy. Ukhathala ngokulula ngexesha lomsebenzi oqhelekileyo ungenye impawu ye-MD.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuba ugqirha wakho wezilwanyana unobumba ukuba umntwana wakho unokufumana i-muscular dysstrophy, baya kuqala ngokuvavanya izinga le-creatine kinase (CK) kwigazi lomntwana wakho. Le enzyme ye-muscle iphezulu kakhulu kubantwana abane-muscular dystrophy.
Ukuba ugqirha wakho ufumanisa izinga eliphezulu leCK, mhlawumbi baya kuhlola i-DNA ukuze bajonge utshintsho kwi-gene eyenza i-dystrophin. Ukuba olu vavanyo lwezofuzo luyinto engalunganga, i-biopsy ye-muscle ingenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxilongwa kwe-muscular dystrophy.
Ukuzalwa kwintsana
Nangona kunokwenzeka ukutshekisha iintsana ezisanda kuzalwa ngenxa yesifo se-muscular dystrophy ngokuvavanya umgangatho wabo we-creatine kinase, akusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Enye yeengxaki ezinkulu kukuba kuphela iipesenti ezi-10 zentsana enezinga eliphezulu leCK ziya kuba ne-dysstrophy ye-muscular. Ezinye iipesenti ezingama-90 ziya kuba namazinga e-CK abuyela kwizinto eziqhelekileyo xa ziveki ezimbalwa ubudala.
Unyango
I-NIH ibika ukuba "ukunyanzeliswa kwe-MD kuyahluka ngohlobo lwe-MD kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwezifo." Ezinye iziganeko zinobubele kwaye zihamba phambili ngokuthe ngcembe kwindlela yokuphila eqhelekileyo, ngelixa ezinye iimeko zingabonakalisa ukunyuka kwamandla omzimba, ukukhubazeka okusebenzayo kunye nokulahleka kwamandla okuhamba. Ukuba umntwana wakho unesifo se-MD, unokufunda okungakumbi malunga neengxaki zomntwana wakho njengoko ukwakha iqela lezonyango ezithembekileyo zezempilo.
Imithombo:
Amaziko okuLawula izifo. Duchenne / Becker Treatment and Care. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/musculardystrophy/treatments.html.
AmaZiko eZiko lezeMpilo. Ulwazi lweMiscular Dystrophy Page.
> https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Muscular-Dystrophy-Information-Page.