Iiglofu kunye nokutya kokutya
Izigidi zokugonywa kwabantwana zenziwa rhoqo ngonyaka eUnited States; Ukusabela okubangelwa yilezi zitofu kunqabile kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu abanezifo ezithile zokutya bangase babe semngciphekweni ophezulu wokuphendulwa komzimba ngenxa yeigciwane eziqukethe amaprotheni athile okutya.
Ukufikelela kuma-8% wabantwana abahluphekileyo ngenxa yokutya , kunye neqanda kuba enye yezinto eziqhelekileyo ukutya apho abantwana bahlaselwa khona.
Uninzi lwezigulane zokugonywa kwabantwana ziqulethe iiprotheni zeqanda okanye ezinye izithako zokutya. Ngenxa yoko, kunokwenzeka ukuba umntwana onesifo sokutya uya kuba ne-anaphylaxis (isifo esibi kakhulu) ngenxa yokufumana ugonyo.
Ukutya okulandelayo kubakho ngeemali ezincinci kwizigonyo eziqhelekileyo zobuntwana; ezinye iigcini ezingezizo eziqhelekileyo ezineeprotheni zokutya nazo zidweliswe.
Egg
Abantwana abanomdla wokuqanda iqanda kubakho nkxalabo enkulu xa befumana iintsholongwane zabantwana. Oku kulandela ukugonywa kwabantwana kunokubandakanya iiprote okanye ii-proteins ezinxulumene neqanda: umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane) kunye nemigomo ye-measles-mumps-rubella (MMR). Ukongeza, ii-vaccin ezilandelayo ezingezona ziqhelekileyo ziqukethe iprotheni yeqanda: i-yellow fever kunye ne-typhoid vaccines.
Ukhuselo lwe-Influenza luqukethe inani elincinci leeprotheyini zeqanda, kwaye le mali ingahlukahluka unyaka nonyaka kunye nebhekki kwi-batch. Ngokuqhelekileyo, igciwane lokugonywa akufanele linikezwe abantu abaneqanda lokunyuka kweqanda (abantu abanokuvavanywa kwamagqabantshintshi amaqanda kodwa bangadla amaqanda ngaphandle kokuvavanya nayiphi na impawu ayifumaneki iqanda).
Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezithile, inzuzo yokufumana le gonti yokugonywa ingaba ngaphezu kweengozi; Oku kunokwenzeka kwimeko yabantu abane-asthma ezinzima kunye neqanda elincinci leqanda. Kule meko, i-allergenist iyakwazi ukunika isitofu ngexabiso elincinci kwiiyure ezininzi, ngelixa ubeka iliso ngokukhawuleza umntu ukuba aphendule.
Ukugonya kwe-MMR kuveliswa kwiinkcubeko zeseli ze-chick fibroblast; isitofu sokugonya cishe asiqukethe iiprotheni ezinamaqanda apho umntu oneqanda elithandana nalo liza kuthathwa ngayo. Uninzi lwabantu, kwanabo abanomdla wokuqanda iqanda, abanakho ukufumana umphumo wokugonywa kwe-MMR. Ngenxa yoko, i-American Academy of Pediatrics incoma ukuba abantwana abaneengqungquthela zeqanda banganikwa umgomo wokugonywa kwe-MMR ngaphandle kwamanyathelo athile athatyathwayo. Kodwa kuya kunengqiqo ukujonga ilungu-umntwana okhuselekileyo kwiofisi yonyango kwithuba elithile emva kokunika igciwane le-MMR.
Ukugonya kwe-yellow fever, isitofu esingaqhelekanga esinikwe abantu abahamba kwiCentral / South America kunye ne-Afrika engezantsi kwe-Sahara, iqulethe ixabiso elithile lamaprotheni eqanda kwaye akufanele linikezwe abantu abaneqanda elithintekayo. Ukugonya kwe-yellow fever, equlethe inani eliphezulu leprotheni yeqanda lazo zonke iigcino ezisekelwe kwiqanda, kuye kwabikwa ukuba kubangele ukuphazamiseka komntu kubantu abanomdla wokukhusela inyama. Ukufana nesifo sokugonywa ngumkhuhlane, ukugonya kwe-yellow fever kunokukwazi ukunikezelwa kubantu abasaqanda i-egg-inergic in amounts encinci kwiiyure ezininzi, ngokugqalwa ngokugqithiswe ngugqirha.
Gelatin
I-Gelatin, efana neleyo efunyenwe kwi-Jell-O, ifakwe kwiigciwane ezininzi njenge-stabilizer yokushisa.
Izitofu zokuhlala iintsana eziqukethe i-gelatin ziquka i-MMR, i-varicella (inkukhu-pox), i-influenza kunye ne-DTaP (i-diphtheria, i-tetanus kunye ne-acellular pertussis). Izitofu ezingekho phantsi kwexesha eliqhelekileyo eziqukethe i-gelatin ziquka i-yellow fever, i-rabies kunye ne-encephalitis yaseJapan. Ukuphendulwa komzimba kwi-MMR yokugonya kunokwenzeka kakhulu ngenxa ye-gelatin kwisitofu sokugonya kunokuba iiprotheni zamaqanda ezitshiyelweyo kwisitofu.
Okubalulekileyo, nawuphi na umntu oye wafumana impendulo yokuphazamiseka emva kokuba adle iimveliso zokutya ze-gelatin (Jell-O) akufanele anikwe nayiphi na i-vaccins apha ngasentla. Nangona kunjalo, njengokuba kunjalo ngeigciwane ezineqanda elineqanda-abantu abaqhekezayo, iigcatin ezine-gelatin ziyakwazi ukunikezelwa kwi-gelatin-abantu abachasayo phantsi kolawulo olufanelekileyo lugqirha.
Isidlo se Baker
Ezinye izitofu zihlanganiswa yiSaccharomyces cerevisiae , okuyiyo imvubelo yebabhaki abaqhelekileyo esetyenziselwa ukwenza isinkwa. Imithi yokugonywa rhoqo yabantwana equkethe imvubelo yeebhaki iquka i-hepatitis B, kwaye nayiphi na isitofu sokugonya esine-hepatitis B.
Nabani na umntu oye wafumana impendulo engafanelekanga emva kokutya iimveliso zokutya eziqulethe isambuko se-baker akufanele zinikezelwe ukugonya kwe-hepatitis B. Nangona kunjalo, njengokuba kunjalo neempompo eziqulethwe ngamaqanda kwi-egg--group people, iigcini ezineemvubelo ezinokuthi ziyakwazi ukunikezelwa kwimvubelo-abantu abasweleko phantsi kolawulo olufanelekileyo lugqirha.
Funda kabanzi malunga neziseko zokutya , kunye nokutya okuqhelekileyo kokutya kwabantwana .
Imithombo:
Moylett EH, Hanson IC. Izenzo zeMpawu zeMingcipheko kunye neziganeko ezimbi ezinxulumene noLawulo lweNtsholongwane. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004; 114: 1010-20.
Cox JE, Cheng TL. Izitofu ezijoliswe kwi-Egg. Iingcali ekuhlaziyweni. 2006; 27: 118-119.
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. Ukuvavanywa ngoDisemba 12, 2007.
ISICELO: Ingcaciso equlethwe kule sayithi iinjongo zemfundo kuphela, kwaye ayifanele isetyenziswe njengenxalenye yokunyamekelwa ngumntu ogqirha. Nceda ubone ugqirha wakho ukuxilongwa kunye nonyango lweyiphi na imayelana nempawu okanye imeko yonyango.