Abafundi bezonyango badibanisa iKlebsiella pneumoniae ne-pneumonia echaphazela abantu abangenamakhaya abaxhomekeke kotywala. Nangona kunjalo, ibhaktheriya i-Klebsiella pneumonia ixhaphake kakhulu kwizibhedlele zesibhedlele kunye neyona nkalo ebangela ukusuleleka kwe-nosocomial. ("I-Nosocomial" yintetho yezonyango kwaye ibhekisela kwizifo ezivela esibhedlele.)
I-Klebsiella pneumoniae yintonga yegram-negative ehlanganiswe kwi-polysaccharide capsule.
Kwinqaku edibeneyo, le capsule enamandla yenza ukuba ii-bacteria zikhuphe ukunyanga ngamayeza.
Ngamahlanu ekhulwini labantu, i-Klebsiella pneumoniae ihlala emanzini (intlanzi) kunye nephepha lokuphefumula. Ngokungafani no- E. coli , enye inambuzane eqhelekileyo (i-enteric) ibhaktheriya, i-Klebsiella nayo ifumaneka kwiindawo zokusingqongileyo ezifana nokuthungwa kwamanzi, umhlaba nomhlaba. Ityheqa umzimba ngokusebenzisa i-endotoxin ephakathi kweebhaktheriya kwaye kungekhona nge-exotoxin.
Njengoko unako ukugqitha kwigama layo, i-Klebsiella pneumoniae inokubangela i- bacterium pneumonia. I-pneumonia yintsholongwane yemiphunga ebangela umkhuhlane, ukubola, ukuphefumula, ukukhathala nokunye. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-Klebsiella pneumonia ayifumanekanga ngaphandle kwamalungu omphakathi ngokuxhomekeka kotywala.
I-klebsiella i-pneumonia ivame ukushaya i-lobe yangaphezulu yamaphaphu kunye nemiphumo ye-cavitation kunye ne-pyogenic (aka-pus-producing) ye-tiscu ukufa (aka necrosis); le pathophysiology ecacileyo ibonakala kwi-x-ray esifubeni.
Kwizicwangciso zesibhedlele, i-Klebsiella pneumoniae inokwenyuka ukusuka emathunjini kwaye ibangele ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane yamanzi okanye ifuthe nge-catheter ye-urinary. Ngaphezu koko, ngokukodwa phakathi kwabantwana kwizibhedlele kwi-ICU yabantwana (PICU), i-Klebsiella pneumoniae inokubangela ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane yegazi (aka septicemia) kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwento.
Ingqalelo, kukho i-subspecies ye-Klebsiella pneumoniae ebangela ukugula okubi kakhulu: uKlebsiella ozaenae kunye neKlebsiella rhinoscleromatis. Usulelo lwe-Klebsiella ozaenae lunokubangela ukutshabalalisa ngokungahambiyo (i-atrophy) yeembumba zamanzi. Ngenye indlela, i-Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis ibangela i-rhinoscleroma, ukuvutha komonakalo kwempumlo kunye nomqala.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-Klebsiella pneumoniae kusekelwe kwimbali yonyango, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukuvavanya ukuxilongwa (cinga i-x-ray) kunye novavanyo lwebhubhoratri. Xa kunokwenzeka, oogqirha bakhetha ukuphatha uKlebsiella pneumoniae kunye ne-quinolones okanye i-cephalosporins yesithathu okanye yesine. Nangona kunjalo, iintlobo ezithile ze-Klebsiella pneumoniae azixhatshali kwii-antibiotics eziqhelekileyo, kwaye iiprofayili zokuxhatshazwa kwamagciwane kufuneka zihlolwe xa zivavanywa kwaye zonyango.
Ukususela kuma-1970, iintlobo ze-Klebsiella pneumoniae ezichasene ne-aminoglycosides zaqala ukubamba. Ezi zityalo zilandelwa ngokukhawuleza zenziwe nge-spectrum-lactamase evelisa i-Klebsiella engamelana ne-penicillins kunye ne-cephalosporins.
Ngoku kutshanje, iintlobo ze-Klebsiella ezinqandekile ze-carbapenem ziye zavela kwizibhedlele. I-Carbapenems inamandla okulwa namagciwane okusetyenziswa njengonyango lokugqibela.
Inyaniso yokuba uKlebsiella uye waqhelana ngokukhawuleza ukuxhathisa la malungu anxunguphalo amalungu aseburhulumenteni.
Ngenxa yokuba i-Klebsiella pneumoniae ibangele igalelo kwizigulane zezibhedlele-ingakumbi abo baye besesibhedlele ixesha elide kwaye banciphise amandla omzimba (cinga i-ICU) -kuyimfuneko yokuba abasebenzi abanonophelo lwezempilo abanokwenza konke okusemandleni ukunciphisa ukusasazeka kweebhaktheriya.
Ukongeza kokugcina izixhobo zonyango zicocekile kunye nokunciphisa ubude bexesha abahlala kwiindawo zokuhlala, ukuhlamba izandla kukuzikhusela ngokutsha malunga nosulelo. Njengomntu othandekayo u tyelele umhlobo okanye ilungu lentsapho esibhedlele, ingcamango efanelekileyo yokugcina izandla zakho zihlambulule kunye nezixhobo zonyango.
Kwiphepha lokugqibela, kwiminyaka engaphezu kwe-40, abaphandi baye bafuna isitofu sokukhusela usulelo lwe-Klebsiella pneumoniae. Okwangoku, kukho amaqela amaninzi azimeleyo asebenza kuloo gonyo.
Imithombo:
I-athikili ebizwa ngokuthi "Ukuphuculwa kwezilingo zokugonywa ngokumelene neKlebsiella pneumonia" nguT TA Ahmad kunye nababhali-mbhali abapapashwe kwi-Vaccine ngo-2012.
I-Brooks GF, uCarroll KC, i-Butel JS, i-Morse SA, i-Mietzner TA. Isahluko 15. I-Enteric Gram-Negative Rods (Enterobacteriaceae). Ku: Brooks GF, Carroll KC, Butel JS, Morse SA, Mietzner TA. eds. Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelberg's Medical Microbiology, 26e. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013.
I-Levinson W. Iingxelo ezifutshane zeeMpawu ezibalulekileyo zeMveli. Ku: Levinson W. eds. Ukuphononongwa kwe-Medical Microbiology kunye ne-Immunology, 13e. ENew York, NY:
Isihloko esithi "Klebsiella spp. njengama-Pathogens aseNosocomial: Epidemiology, Taxonomy, Izindlela zokuTyhila, kunye nePathogenicity Factors "ngu-R Podschun no-U Ullmann opapashwe kwiCliniki Microbiology Reviews.