I-Zithromax ithatha iindidi ezininzi zeentsholongwane zamagciwane.
I-Zithromax yi-antibiotic echanekileyo eyenziwa ukuphatha ezininzi iintlobo zezifo, ukuquka izifo zesikhumba, izifo zendlebe, izifo zokuphefumula kunye nezifo ezithathelwana ngesondo. Itholakala njengepilisi okanye injoza.
Indlela
I-antibiotic i-Zithromax (i-azithromycin) ivela ku-erythromycin, enye uhlobo lwe-antibiotic. Nangona zombini "i-macrolides", ngokuqinisekileyo iZithromax yi-azalide, kunye ne-erythromycin yi-macrolide.
Kwimiqathango yamachiza, i-Zithromax inokwabelana ngokufanayo neloctose-macrolide isakhiwo nje ngokuba i-erythromycin igcina i-injection ye-nitrogen ene-methylated kwindandatho ye-lactone.
Ukwahlukana okumncinci kubeka i-bithterial coverage ye-Zithromax kwaye iguqule ngokucacileyo umzila we-metabolism. Nangona i-erythromycin isetyenziselwa inkqubo ye-cytochrome P450, i-Zithromax ayikho. Ngaloo ndlela, iZithromax idibanisa kunye neziyobisi ezimbalwa, kwaye ngokungafani ne-erythromycin, ayiyi kuba ne-drug-drug interaction kunye ne-statin (umzekelo, iZocor okanye iCrestor).
Njengenye i-macrolides-erythromycin kunye ne-clarithromycin-i-Zithromax isebenza ngokubophelela kwiibhakteria i-50S ribosomal subunit iphazamise ukukhangela kwebhaktheriya ukuvelisa amaprotheni. Iibhaktheriya kufuneka zivelise amaprotheni ukuba aphile. (Ngokuxhomekeka kumyinge, ama-macrolides angaba yi-bacteriostatic okanye i-bacteriocidal.)
Umyinge
Nazi ezinye zebhaktheriya ezenziwa yiZithromax:
- I-Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)
- Toxoplasmosis gondii
- Haemophilus influenza
- I-Streptococcus kunye ne-staphylococcus (i-lessly active than erythromycin)
- Helicobacter
- Moraxella catarrhalis
- Borrelia burgdorferi
- Chlamydia
Nazi ezinye zeekliniki ezisetyenziswayo kwiZithromax:
- Izifo zokuphefumula
- Isikhumba kunye nezinye izifo ezithintekayo
- Ukugqitywa kwamagciwane okuyiCOPD
- Otitis media
- Pneumonia
- I-bacjunia conjunctivitis (ukusuleleka kwamehlo)
- I-Mycobacterium avium complex okanye i-MAC (isifo esiphumelelekileyo sokuphefumula esiqhelekileyo ne-AIDS)
- Chancroid
- Pharyngitis
- I-tonsillitis
- I-chlamydial cervicitis kunye ne-urethritis (isifo sosulele ngesondo)
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu okuchasana nemithi yokubulala i-antibiotic enza i-Zithromax ukhetho olubi lokunyanga izifo ezithile ezifana ne-pneumonia efunyenwe ngumphakathi, i-otitis media (ukusuleleka kwindlebe) kunye ne-sinusitis ephawulekayo. Ngolwazi oluthile, iZithromax ayikwazi ukulwa nokusuleleka kwezifo ezibangelwa yi-MRSA, i-superbug ne-antibacterial resistance resistance.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwendlela yokulawula, i-Zithromax ifumaneka kumacwecwe, ukuxinwa ngomlomo, iilenki kunye nezixazululo zesifo.
Nangona akakwazi ukuwela umqobo we-brain-brain (kunye nokuphatha i-meningitis), i-Zithromax ngokujulileyo ihlasela izicubu zethu. Le nkunkuma iphinda ikhululwe ngokukhawuleza kwi-systemic circulation kwaye ine-half half life of about 48 hours. Ezi zakhiwo eziphathekayo ze-pharmacokinetic zinceda iiklinikhi ukuba ziphathe ngokuthe gqithisa izidakamizwa. (I-half-life refers to the time it takes for the concentration of drug in the blood to decrease by half. , isiqingatha sesicatshulwa siya kususa egazini.)
Ngokubhekiselele kwi-cervicitis kunye ne-urethritis ebangelwa ukusuleleka ngu-chlamydia, i-dose enye (i-injection) ye-Zithromax isebenza ngokulinganayo njengekhosi ye-doxycycline yee-sixhenxe, ngaloo ndlela, ekunciphiseni imithi yokungaboni . (I-CDC incoma ukuba iiklinikhi ziphathe i-gonorrhea kunye ne-chlamydia ndawonye, ebizwa ngokuba "yonyango". Ngoko ke, ugqirha ugqithisa ukutshulwa kwe-cephalosporin Rocephin ukunyanga i-gonorrhea, kwakhona.) Kucelwa uqaphele ukuba kukho ingqiqo yakho yonyango nokuba ukunyanga ngeZithromycin kunye nawaphi umlinganiselo. Ukuba unomdla, nceda uxoxe ngale ngonyango kunye nodokotela wakho.
Iziphumo ezimbi
Nangona kungenjalo njengobunzima njenge-erythromycin, i-Zithromycin inokubangela ukuba uxinzelelo lwesisu sibe sisicashu okanye ukuhlanza. Ezi ziphumo zecala ezingafuneki zingancitshiswa ngokutya ukutya ngaphambi kokuba uthathe umthamo womlomo weZithromycin.
ILizwi
Ukuba wena okanye othandekayo unesifo senhliziyo, ingaba yinto efanelekileyo yokuphepha i-Zithromycin. Esi sizaziyo saziwa ngokubangela ukuba i-QT-extension, i-arrhythmia, kunye nokufa ngokukhawuleza. Ingqalelo, i-QT-prolongation iphazamisa izitenxo.
Into enhle malunga neZithromycin kukuba i-half-life long length and doses are less limitations. Ngokomzekelo, enye idokisi yeli chiza elithathwe kwiofisi yonyango yonyango olupheleleyo; kanti, ukuba ufanele uthathe i-doxycycline yakho ngeveki, unakho ukulibala okanye ukuyeka.
Nangona kunjalo, xa i-Zithromycin echazwe ngokutheleleka kokuphefumula, ukusuleleka komlomo kunye nokunye, kuyafaneleka ukuba sibone unyango. Xa singaphumeleli ukuzalisa unyango kwaye sigqibe ukubulala ibhaktheriya emzimbeni wethu, iintsholongwane eziphikisanayo zisasazeka kwaye zisasazeka-ukuxhaphaza abanye, ukubuyisela kwakhona, nokuxhomekeka kwezinye iibhaktheriya.
Kucelwa ukhumbule ukuba ngokusuka kwi-antibiotics unyango, sinegalelo ekuchaseni i-antibiotics, eyinkinga yehlabathi. Imfazwe yokulwa nokulwa ne-antibiotics enye yezinto eziqhubekayo kunye nokuhamba, kwaye amaninzi amaninzi ethu kunyango ahlambulukile. Simele senze konke okusemandleni ethu ukulwa nokuchasana kwamayeza.
> Imithombo
> Deck DH, Winston LG. Isahluko 44. I-Tetracyclines, i-Macrolides, i-Clindamycin, i-Chloramphenicol, i-Streptogramins, ne-Oxazolidinones. Ku: Katzung BG, Masters SB, Trevor AJ. eds. I-Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 12e . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012.
> I- Mosby's Drug Reference yeeNgcali zezeMpilo, i-Second Edition epapashwe ngu-Elsevier ngo-2010.
> O'Donnell MR, uSoukkonen JJ. Isahluko 168. Ama-Agent Ancocycterial Agents. Ku: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. eds. Imigaqo yeHarrison ye-Medicine yangaphakathi, i-18e . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012.