Izicubu zesakhiwo zihlala zichaphazeleka ngexesha lomdlavuza we-thyroid
Kwabaninzi, igama elithi "isthmus" libhekisela kumda omncinci womhlaba ojikelezwe ngamanzi odibanisa iindawo ezimbini zomhlaba omkhulu.
Xa isetyenziswe kwisifo sezempilo, sichaza into efanayo: ilungu elincinci, ingqungquthela, okanye isiqwenga sesishuxu esidibanisa iindawo ezibini ezinkulu. Ingasetyenziselwa ezindlebeni (isthmus kwiibhubhu zase-Eustachian), isisu (isthmus of uterus), ingqondo (isthmus ye-cingulate gyrus) kunye ne-thyroid gland (isthmus ye-thyroid).
Kulo mandla okugqibela - njengenxalenye ye-thyroid - ukuba umsebenzi we-isthmus uthatha ngakumbi kubaluleka ngexesha lotyando lomhlaza.
Indima ye-Isthmus ye-Thyroid
I-isthmus yimizimba eyenza ibhuloho phakathi kwe-lobes ezimbini ye-thyroid kwaye isebenza njengesigubungelo samacangci amabini yomphephelo (i-trachea). I-thyroid ngokwayo i-butterfly enjenge-butterfly enjenge-parrynx.
I-thyroid gland ilawula umzimba we-metabolism ngokufihla i-hormone elawula ukushisa, ukukhula, amandla omzimba, isondlo, kunye nempilo yentliziyo yakho, ingqondo, izintso kunye nenkqubo yokuzala. I-ismmus ikhona ngokufanelekileyo ukuxhasa nokuzinzisa ezi ziko.
Iingxaki ze-Grey Glands kunye ne-Isthmus
I-thyroid ephilileyo inokulingana nobukhulu bekota kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ayikwazi ukuzwa okanye ibonwe ngesikhumba. Ngokwahlukileyo, i-thyroid evuyiweyo (ebizwa ngokuthi i-goiter) ingabonakala okanye ifuthe njengendoda phambi kwentamo.
I-thyroid ngamanye amaxesha unokuba neengxaki zokufihla inani elifanelekileyo lama-hormone emzimbeni. I-hormone eninzi (imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi- hyperthyroidism ) inokubangela ukulahleka kwesisindo, ukukhukhuma, intlungu yesifuba, i-cramps, kunye nehudo. Okuncane kakhulu ( hypothyroidism ) kwaye umntu unokufumana isisindo, uzive ebanda, kwaye unomphunga omile okanye iinwele.
Iingxaki ze-isthmus ziquka i-agenesis (ukungabikho kwesi sihlomelo ngenxa yesiphene sokuzalwa) okanye ukulimala ngqo (ngokuqhelekileyo ngokubambisana nomnye okanye i-lobes zombini).
Naluphi na okungaqhelekanga kwimisebenzi ye-thyroid iya kukhokela ugqirha wakho ukulinganisa amazinga e-hormone ye-thyroid-stimulating (TSH) egazini lakho. Ezinye iimvavanyo zingabandakanya:
- ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kwentamo, i-thyroid, i-trachea, kunye ne-lymph nodes ukujonga ukukhula okungaqhelekanga okanye okungaqhelekanga
- ultrasonography, isixhobo sokucinga esisebenzisa amaza omsindo aphezulu
- i-radionuclide ukuskena esebenzisa umlinganiselo wendlela yokusetyenziselwa i-radioactive ukugqamisa iigununu ngexesha lokucinga
- i-biopsy ye-tissue tissue
Ukususwa kwe-Thyroid ne-Isthmus
Ukuba i-biopsy ibonisa ukuba khona komhlaza kwi-thyroid, inxalenye ye-thyroid gland ingasuswa. Le nkqubo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-thyroidectomy, inokubandakanya ukususwa kwesinye okanye zombini. Ukuba umhlaza unomdla (usasazeka ngaphaya kwesiza se-tumor), isthmus ingasadingeka isuswe kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-isthmectomy.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo ze-thyroidectomy esekelwe ukuba ingakanani igrafu isuswe:
- Iyonke i-thyroidectomy (ukususwa kwe-whole thyroid gland)
- I-logictomy ye-thyroid (ukususwa kwe-lobe enye)
- I-lobectomy ekhethekileyo ye-thyroid (ukususwa ngokukodwa kwe-lobe)
- I-lobictomy ye-thyroid kunye ne-isthmectomy (ukususwa kwe-lobe kunye ne-isthmus)
- I-thytectectomy subtotal (ukususwa kwe-lobe yonke, isthmus kunye ne-lobe eyingxenye)
Umthombo
- > Mathur, A. no Doherty, G. "Isahluko 1: I-Thyroidectomy neCeck Dissection." Iinkqubo ezikhoyo: Ukuhlinzwa . 2010; ENew York: McGraw-Hill.