I-lymph nodes zakhiwo ezincinci ezinobhontshisi zikhona kuwo wonke umzimba. Ziyinxalenye yenkqubo ye-lymph, uhlobo oluthile lwe-intanethi enxulumene nemithambo yegazi ye-circulatory system. I-lymph nodes isebenza njengendlela encinci ye-immune exposts, ihlakazekile kunye nenkqubo yemingxube ekhupha ama-fluids kwiintlobo ezithile kwimimandla yomzimba.
Xa i-lymph nodes kwinxalenye ethile yomzimba eyaziwa njenge-retroperitoneum ikhulisiwe, kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela, oku kuquka oku kulandelayo:
- Izifo, ezifana nesifo sofuba
- Ukuvuvukala kunaliphi na isibalo sezizathu, kuquka izifo ezifana ne-sarcoidosis
- Isifo esivela kwisiza esisekude emzimbeni onqabile kwi-lymph nodes
- Iidlingozi zegazi eziphuhliswa kwi-lymph nodes okanye zisasazeka kwi-lymph nodes
- Ezinye izinto ezinqabileyo
Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezikhoyo zokuba ziphi na i-lymph node ukuba zikhule, kwaye akuzona zonke eziba nomhlaza. Enyanisweni, xa umntu ebona ugqirha ngenxa ye-lymph nodes, i-cancer ayisoloko ibangela. Kunoko, ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane kunokunyaniseka-ngokukodwa ukuba i-lymph nodes evuvukile isentanyeni. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iindidi ze-lymph node infwellings ezingaphantsi kweziphakamiso zeemeko ezinobungozi, ezifana ne-conglomeration enkulu ye-lymph node ebonakalayo ehlanganiswe kwizifundo zokucinga.
I-Retroperitoneal Lymph Nodes iyakwandisa kwiiNgxaki ezahlukeneyo
I-retroperitoneal nodes ikhona kwindawo apho bengenakuvakalelwa okanye baqaphele xa beqala ukuvuvukala, kwaye ngoko oogqirha banokufunda ngokukhulisa kwabo ngendlela yokufunda i-imaging efana ne-CT scan yesisu nesisu.
Ngamanye amaxesha i-lymph nodes i-retroperitoneal iyanxulumene nezifo ezivelisa iimpawu, njengoko izakhiwo ezikufuphi zingasichaphazeleka. Kwezinye iimeko, iimpawu zingakhokelela kwisifundo sokucinga esicinga ukukhulisa i-lymph node. Nangona kunjalo, imbangela yokuvuvukala ayinakubonakala ngokukhawuleza kwindlela yokucinga, kwaye i-biopsy ye-lymph nodes ifunekayo.
Kwimeko yabantu abaye banciphisa amajoni omzimba, ezinye zeendlela zokunyusa i-lymph node zetroperitoneal zi: ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-Mycobacterium; i-lymphoma, umdlavuza wegazi odla ngokuqala kwi-lymph nodes; kunye ne-Kaposi's sarcoma, umhlaza ovela kwiiseli ezihamba nge-lymph okanye imithwalo yegazi.
Xa i-lymph nodes ezandisiweyo zibonakala kwiindawo ezithile zomzimba ezifana nomhlaba we-retroperitoneal, kukho i-snapshot ngexesha, ngoko ke kukho amathuba athile ngokubhekiselele kwisifo esinoxanduva. Amanqanaba awandisiweyo ayenokuba yodwa isigaba sokuqala sesifo ekugqibeleni esiza kubonisa ukukhulisa i-lymph node kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba okanye i-lymphadenopathy syndrome eqhubekayo.
Xa kukho iisethi ezininzi zeelymode ezibandakanyeka kwi-retroperitoneum kwaye ukukhangela kwakhona kubonisa isibindi esandisiweyo kunye ne-spleen, oku kungaboniswa kakhudlwana kwe-lymphoma , nangona kunjalo kukho amanye amathuba. Isifo se-Castleman sisifo esingavamile esiquka i-lymph nodes. Amanye amagama aquka i-lymph node hyperplasia, kunye ne-lymph node hyperplasia. UDkt. Benjamin Castleman wachaza okokuqala ngawo-1950.
Isifo se-Castleman sithathwa njengesifo se-lymphoproliferative, oku kuthetha ukuba kukho ukugqithisa kweeseli zenkqubo ye-lymph.
Nangona kungengomdlavuza, inokufana kakhulu ne-lymphoma, kwaye ezinye iifom zinokukhula zibe lymphoma.
Uphi i-Retroperitoneum kwaye Kutheni Kubalulekile?
I-anatomy ye-brut igxininisa igama lala ma-lymph nodes. I-lymph nodes ezi-retroperitoneal ziyi-lymph nodes zihlala kwigumbi elithile lomzimba, elibizwa ngokuba yi-retroperitoneum. I-retroperitoneum ichaza inxalenye yesikhumba esisisu-inxalenye yesisu esisondelene kakhulu nomqolo wakho kunesibindi sakho sesisu, emva kwamathumbu.
I-lymph node ye-Retroperitoneal enye yeqela le-lymph node efunyenwe emzimbeni, njengoko kuboniswe kuloluhlu lulandelayo:
- I-retroperitoneal lymph nodes - efumaneka kwi-retroperitoneum
- I-lymph node-inguinal-etholakala kwingingqi ye-groin
- Ama-lymph nodes axillary - afunyenwe kwi-armpits
- I-lymph node-mediastinal nodes - etholakala kwisifuba, kufuphi nentliziyo
Ama-lymph nodes angabizwa ngokuba yiphina indawo yomzimba okanye ilungu elithile. Ngokomzekelo, kukho i-lymph node ethile kwi-thorax e kufuphi ne-aorta. Ukuba i-lymph node ingabizwa ngokuba yi-lymph node ye-thoracic. Ukuba ngakumbi, ukuba kusemacaleni kwintliziyo, kuya kuthathwa njengelomdidididi yomlambo , okanye ngakumbi ngakumbi, ukuba ikhona eceleni kwe-aorta, i-lymph node ye-periaortic-yonke into echanekileyo, kodwa ukunyanzeliswa kwakuza kuba yinto ekhethekileyo.
I-peritoneum iyimbrane ebeka umgca wesisu kwaye iquka izitho zomzimba. Khawucinge nje 'njengebhodi ephindwe kabini yeembumba zeplastiki' ezenza zonke izinto ziphosakele ngexesha lophuhliso. Ezinye izitho ziyi-intraperitoneal, okanye ngaphakathi kwe-peritoneum, ngelixa ezinye zikho emva kwayo, okanye ziphinde zenzeke kwakhona.
Iimpawu zeRetroperitoneal
Isizathu sokukhulisa i-lymph node ngamanye amaxesha kuthethwa ngezitho ezikufutshane neendawo ezikhulisiweyo. Amalungu amaninzi angaphakathi kwe-peritoneum kwaye ezinye ziyinxalenye ngaphakathi nangaphandle ngaphandle kwe-peritoneum. Abafundi bangasebenzisa le fowuni imemori elandelayo ukuze bafunde ukuba ziphi izixhobo ezibuyiselwayo:
S: i-suprarenal okanye i-adrenal gland
A: i-aorta / i-inferior vena cava
D: duodenum (isahlulo sesibini nesithathu)
I-P: i-pancreas (ngaphandle komsila wee-pancreas)
U: ureters
C: ikholoni (ekhuphukayo ehla)
K: izintso
E: isophagus
R: i-rectum
Izitho ezilandelwa ngabazali ngabazali bahlala bodwa. Ngamanye amaxesha isifo sengxaki esichaphazela enye yalezi ziko kuya kuchaphazela i-lymph nodes kunye nenye. Ngokomzekelo, i-ureters ithwala umchamo ukusuka kwiimpongo ukuya kwintlambo, kwaye izihlwele kule ndawo zingavimbela i-ureter, kubangele iimpawu ze-urinary. I-lymphadenopathy ye-Retroperitoneal kaninzi ayivelisi nayiphi na impawu, kodwa isifo esikhulu singakhokelela kwisisu esiswini okanye ukukhupha umchamo.
I-Retroperitoneal Lymph Nodes eLymphoma
I-Lymphomas yiqela leekliniki zenkqubo ye-lymph . I-lymphomas iqala ukuqala kwi-lymph nodes, kwaye i-lymph nodes i-retroperitoneal ichaphazeleka kwii-lymphomas ezininzi.
Kukho iindidi ezibalulekileyo ze-lymphoma:
1) I-lodphokin yeHodgkin, okanye i-HL- kwaye nantsi isiqhagamshelo esiya eHodgkin.
2) I-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, okanye i-NHL ebhala malunga neepesenti ezingama-90 yazo zonke i-lymphomas, iqulethwe ezininzi kwiimpawu ze-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Bobabini i-HL kunye ne-NHL bangakhokelela ekubandakanyekeni kwe-lymph node. Ngelixa i-HL isenokusasazeka kwipateni echaziweyo, ukusuka kwelinye iqela le-lymph node ukuya kwilandelayo, i-NHL inokuvela kwaye ifikelele ekubandakanyekeni amaqela ahlukeneyo e-lymph nodes, kuquka i-lymph nodes, ebudeni bexesha.
I-Retroperitoneal Lymph Nodes kwezinye iCancer
Ezinye i-cancer zingaphinde zenze i-lastph nodes. Omnye umhlaza ngumhlaza weengqungquthela. Umhlaza wesiqhelo usasazeka kwifashini eqikelelweyo ngokusebenzisa i-lymph nodes (retroperitoneal lymph nodes), kwaye kwezinye iimeko, usebenzo olubizwa ngokuba yi-retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) lwenziwe. Enye ingxaki enokwenzeka yolu vavanyo ibuyisela ukuhlaziywa. Ukuba ugqirha unciphisa iimbilini ngexesha lotyando, ukunyuka kwamanzi kuya kwenzeka, kodwa umdumba uphela ekugqibeleni, kwaye ukungabikho kwengxaki yinkinga.
ILizwi
Xa i-lymph nodes ekhulisiwe kwi-retroperitoneum ibonisiwe, ukubaluleka kwesi sifundo kuxhomekeke kuyo yonke enye ingcaciso, kubandakanywa nembali yonyango yomntu kunye neendawo ezikhulisiweyo. Enye impawu ebalulekileyo yeendawo eziphakamileyo kule ndawo ethile kukuba zihlala zodwa kulowo wonke umzimba kwaye azibonakali lula nje njengezitho zamagqabi entanyeni, i-armpits okanye i-groin, ngokomzekelo.
Ngamanye amaxesha i-lymph nodes "iphakanyisiwe-yandisa" kwi-imaging, nto leyo ithetha ukuba inkulu kunokuba iqhelekileyo, kodwa kungekhona isizathu sokukhathazeka. Kule meko, kunokubakho ukucinga okulandelelweyo kwenziwa kunye nokuqhathaniswa nezifundo ezidlulileyo ukuze ubone ukuba kukho ukwandiswa kwesikhashana.
Soloko uthetha kwiqela lakho lononophelo lwempilo ukuba unemibuzo malunga neziphumo ezifana nezandiso zetriphitoneal ezandisiwe okanye imibuzo malunga nokubaluleka kwezi ziphumo.
Imithombo:
Ithumba. Lawrence M. Weiss. Cambridge University Press, ngoMatshi 28, 2008
Radiopaedia.org. Amalungu aseRetroperitoneal (mnemonic).
I-Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. UJames Armitage et al. ULippincott Williams & Wilkins, ngo-Agasti 8, 2013.