Funda kabanzi malunga nale Mzekelo ye-ECG engavumelekanga
Ukuba uxelelwe ngugqirha ukuba unesiqithi segatsha, ithetha ukuba i- electrocardiogram yakho (ECG) ibonisa indlela eyahlukileyo, engaqhelekanga. Kule nqaku siza kuthetha malunga neyiphi ibhloko yesigqeba esithethayo, kwaye yiyiphi imibuzo ongayifuna ukuyibuza ugqirha wakho.
Inkqubo yeCardiac Electrical System
Amasebe amatye ayingxenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yombane yomzimba , inkqubo elawula isigxina senhliziyo kunye nokulungelelanisa isenzo senhliziyo.
Intliziyo ibetha ngokuphendula kwisiganeko sombane. Njengoko umbane ugqityiwe kuyo yonke intliziyo, izivumelwano zentliziyo ye-muscle. Ngoko ukuhanjiswa ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo loombane wokubaluleka kombane kubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwentliziyo.
Isibonakaliso sombane senhliziyo esivela kwi- node ye-sinus kwi-atrium ephezulu yesokudla, isasazeka kuzo zombini i-atria (kubangela ukuba i-atria ibetha), ize idlule kwi- node ye-AV . Ukushiya i-AV node, umfutho wombane ungena kwii-ventricle ngebhodi lezintambo zomzimba ezibizwa ngokuba ngumthwalo wakhe. Ukusuka kwinqutyana yakhe, umfutho wombane ungena kumasebe amabini enqwaba: isebe elifanelekileyo lefestile kunye nefestile yesigxina sasekhohlo. Amagatsha asekunene nakwesobunxele asetshenziselwa ukuphazamisa umbane kwi-ventricles ekunene nasekhohlo, ngokubangela ukuba batshaywe. Xa amagatsha asele asebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, ii-ventricles ezifanelekileyo kunye nekhohlo zihamba ngokukhawuleza.
I-ECG ibonakaliswa ngokubonakalayo kombane njengoko ihamba entliziyweni. I-QRS eziyinkimbinkimbi yiyo i- cardiologists ebiza inxalenye ethile ye-ECG, inxalenye ebonisa ukutshintsha kombane njengoko isasazwa yinkqubo yesigqeba sesigqeba kuwo onke ama-ventricles.
Kulo mzekelo ngasentla, iPhaneli A ibonisa ukuba isakhiwo esiqhelekileyo se-QRS sibonakala njani kwi-ECG evamile.
(Kwababantu abanomdla, lo mfanekiso ubonisa ukhokelo ovela kwi-ECG ehamba phambili ye-12.) Ngenxa yokuba zombini ii-ventricle zifumana umfutho wombane ngexesha elifanayo, i-QRS eqhelekileyo isicatshulwa (ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphantsi kwe-0.1 yesibini ngexesha.) Ukuvuselela okufanayo ngexesha elilodwa kuxhomekeke kwimpembelelo yombane ehamba ngaphantsi kwamagatsha asekunene nakwesobunxele kwisantya esilingana nesantya sofana.
Isithintelo segatsha yesebe: Inkcazo
Umsebenzi wamasebe enqwaba ukusabalalisa ukusabalalisa kwentswelo yegesi yombane kwii-ventricles ngokulinganayo, ukwenzela ukuba xa i- ventricles inkontileka (ukuxosha igazi entliziyweni), bayenza ngendlela edibeneyo nefanelekileyo. Isebe elifanelekileyo lesithambiso lihambisa umbane wecala kwi-ventricle efanelekileyo, kwaye isebe lekhohlo lesokunxele linikeza umtsalane kwi-ventricle ekhohlo.
Kwinqanaba legatsha lefestile, enye okanye zombini yamasebe amabini asemasontweni awasayithumeleli iminqweno yombane ngokuqhelekileyo. Oku kufuthi kubakho ngenxa yesifo okanye umonakalo kwelinye lamasebe enqwaba, njengoko kwenzeka nge- infyoction ye-myocardial (intliziyo yesifo) okanye ngesifo se- cardiomyopathy .
Nangona kunjalo, ibhloko yesigqeba sinokuthi kwenzeke ngenxa yesizathu esicacileyo kubantu abanempilweni.
Xa i-impulse yamandla ilibazisekile ekufikeleleni kwi-ventricle yayo, ukulibaziseka kubonisa njengomzekelo ohlukileyo kwi-ECG ebizwa ngokuba yi-block block. Isiphumo esiyinhloko sesikhwama sesigqeba sesebe kukuba siyaphazamisa ukutyunjwa kwangexesha elifanayo kwee-ventricles ezimbini. Ukuqhawulwa kwesinye i-ventricle (leyo enegatsha "evinjiweyo") ivela emva kancinci kwesinye, kungekudala.
Qaphela ukuba ngelixa isetyenzana lesigqeba sesigqeba "sithintela" sisetyenzisiwe, isebe elichaphazelekayo litshintshi linakho okanye "lingavinjelwa." Kwiimeko ezininzi, isebe lefestile alivalwanga ngokupheleleyo, kodwa kunoko nje kuqhuba umbane ugxininise ngakumbi isebe elithile.
Yiyiphi inqwaba yegatsha yesebe ibonakala ngathi ku-ECG
Abantu abaphethe isitishi segatsha badla ngokuba ne-block bundle block block (RBBB) okanye i-block bundle block block (LBBB), kuxhomekeke kwiyiphi na yamasebe amabini athathwe ngayo. Iiphaneli B kunye no-C kulo mfanekiso kubonisa ukutshintshwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kwiinkqubo zeQRS xa umntu eshiye okanye ibhande le-bundle block block. Kwiimeko zombini, ubunzima beQRS buba bubanzi kunokuba buqhelekileyo, kuba kuthatha ixesha elide ukuba uphawu lwamagesi luza kusasazwa ngokupheleleyo kuzo zombini zombini. Ubume benkqutyana ye-QRS bubonisa ukuba yiyiphi igatsha lesigxina (ngakwesobunxele okanye kwesobunxele) liqhuba umfutho wombane ngokungaqhelekanga.
Ngamanye amaxesha, amagatsha amabini athatyathwayo, kwaye iprojekthi yesigqeba segatsha kwi-ECG ayibonakali ngokucacileyo njengebhanki yesigqeba esisekunene okanye sekhohlo. Kule meko, ibhloko yesigqeba isetyenziselwa "ukulibaziseka kwexesha lokuhamba."
Iimpawu kunye neengxaki
Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-block branch block does not produce symptoms. Nangona kunjalo, kwi-block block yesigqeba esinamandla isakhono sogesi sokufikelela okanye i-ventricle ingaba yinto enzima. Kule meko, i-impulse inokuthi ikhutshwe ngokukhawuleza ukuba ingafikeleli kuma-ventricles, ekhokelela ekugqibeleni i-block block ye-heart- engayenza i-syncope okanye ukufa kwegazi ngokukhawuleza .
Ngamanye amaxesha ubukho besikhwama segatsha singabonisa ubukho beengxaki zentliziyo. Ngoko xa kubonakala i-block branch, abaninzi oogqirha baya kuncomela ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo engapheliyo (ngokuqhelekileyo, i- echocardiogram ).
Ithintelo leSigqeba seSigqeba sithathwa njani
Ininzi yexesha, i-block branch block itself ayifuni unyango. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko abantu abanesigqeba esisekhohlo sesekhohlo kufuneka bafumane i- pacemaker , ngokukodwa, enye ibuyisela ngokutsha ukulungelelaniswa kwama-ventricles .
- Funda malunga ne-block block yesitampu sekhohlo.
- Funda malunga nesikhokelo segatsha elifanelekileyo.
ILizwi
Isibonda segatsha lesigqeba sifumana ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-ECG. Nangona abantu abaphethe isitishi segatsha kufuneka bafumane ukuhlolwa kweengqondo ezingenasvasive ukujonga isifo senhliziyo esisisiseko, kwiimeko ezininzi kwisebe lento ayiyiyo ingxaki ebalulekileyo.
> Umthombo:
> I-Surawicz B, i-Childers R, i-Deal BJ, et al. I-AHA / I-ACCF / I-HRS Iziphakamiso zeSimiselo kunye nokuchazwa kwe-Electrocardiogram: Icandelo III: Ukuphazamiseka kokuqhubela phambili kwi-Intraventric: iScientific Statement evela kwi-American Heart Association I-Electrocardiography kunye neKomiti yeArrhythmias, iBhunga kwiCliniology Cardiology; i-American College of Cardiology Foundation; kunye ne-Heart Rhythm Society. Ukuvunyelwa yi-International Society ye-Computerized Electrocardiology. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009; 53: 976.