Uninzi lwabantu alukwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ngaba bahlutha, ingakumbi ukuba abazange babe neyodwa. Kwakhona kunokuba nzima kakhulu ukuba ukwazi ukuba ukubetha kwakho kukugqithisileyo okanye ukuxhatshazwa ngokubanzi, kwaye mhlawumbi unomdla wokufunda ukuba zithetha ntoni ezi zombini.
Ukugxothwa kweengxowankulu kukuxhamla ngenxa yokusebenza okungavamile kombane kwindawo ethile kwingqondo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo ingqondo isebenza ukunyamekela imisebenzi efana nokuvelisa iingcamango kunye nokunyakaza xa iiseli zengqondo zithetha "ngomnye nomnye" ngokuthumela izibonakaliso zombane. Xa iimpawu zombane zomlilo ziphazamiseka, ingqondo ingabangela imisebenzi engafunekiyo, efana nokutshatyalaliswa.
Iimpawu kunye nokubonakaliswa kokuthathwa kweempawu zineempawu eziqhelekileyo, ezivame ukunika ingqiqo malunga nesibangeleko sokunqongophala kunye nokuncedisa ukuba ngaba zijolise okanye ziqhelekileyo. Ukunyangwa kwamaxhoba okuphindaphindiweyo ngokuqhelekileyo kubakhokelwa ngaba zijoliswe kukugqithisa okanye zifunyenwe ngokubanzi.
Yiyiphi i-Focal Seizure?
Ukuqhaqhaqhayisa kungabandakanyekanga (kungekhona ngenjongo) ukuguqulwa kokuqonda okanye ukunyakaza okubangelwa ngumsebenzi ongaqhelekanga, ongenangqondo kagesi kwingqondo. Ukuqhayisa okugxilwe kuyo (okubizwa ngokuba yi-partial seizures) kuthiwa yinto ephambili kuba umsebenzi wombane uqala kwingingqi encinci engqondweni kwaye unokusasazeka okanye unokusasazeka ukubandakanya indawo enkulu yengqondo.
Ngamanye amaxesha, iingxaki zokuqala ziqala kwinxalenye encinci yengqondo kwaye zibandakanya ngokukhawuleza emacaleni omabini obuchopho-kodwa zijongwa njengokuba zivela kwindawo enye yengqondo.
Iimpawu zoxinzelelo olubalulekileyo zingabandakanya ukunyakaza okungenakuzibandakanya okanye izinto ezincinci zomzimba omncinci, ukugubungela umzimba wonke, ukudibana , ukuncipha okanye ukungaqondi kakuhle.
Ukuqhayisa i-focal ngokumalunga noKhuselo oluPhezulu
Olunye uhlobo lokuthunjwa lubizwa ngokuba yi-seizedure ejwayelekile, eyinto yokuthumba eqala ngokusebenza kombane ongaqhelekanga kwingqondo. Ngenxa yokuba ukugxotha ngokugqithiseleyo kunokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza, kubangele iimpawu ezinzulu , ngamanye amaxesha ugxininiso olugqithiseleyo kunye nokubanjwa ngokubanzi kungabonakala kufana kakhulu.
Ulwahlulo oluphambili phakathi kokuthintela okugxininisiweyo kunye noluntu jikelele luquka:
- Ukubamba ingqwalaselo kunokuqala ngeempawu ezinjengezithuba ze-spasms okanye u-muscle tightness kwelinye icala lobuso, ingalo, okanye umlenze ngaphambi kokuba iimpawu ziqale ukubandakanya utshintsho kwi-consciousness okanye ukunyuka kwamanye amazwe okungazibandakanya. Ukubanjwa ngokuqhelekileyo kubonakalisa iimpawu eziqhelekileyo, ezifana nokulahleka kwengqondo okanye ukuguqulwa komzimba ukususela ekuqaleni.
- Ukubamba ukugxilwa kwamandla kunokuvelisa iimpawu ezinqabileyo ezinobuthathaka ezifana nokukhubazeka kukaTold emva kokubanjwa kwexinzelelo, ngelixa ukuhlutha okuqhelekileyo akunjalo.
- Umntu ogxininisekile unokuba nomsebenzi owenziwe ngogesi kwindawo ethile kwindawo yokuhlola u-electroencephalogram (EEG), ngelixa umntu onokubanjelwa ngokuqhelekileyo kulindeleke ukuba abe nepropati ye-irregular.
- Ukuxhatshazwa ngokugqithiseleyo kunokunxulumaniswa nokungaqhelekanga kwiimvavanyo zengqondo zengqondo ezihambelana neempawu zokuqala zokubamba okanye umzekelo we-EEG. Ukubamba ngokuqhelekileyo akuhambelani ngokuhambelanayo nokulungelelanisa okunjalo phakathi kweengcinga zobuchopho kunye neempawu zokuthatha okanye iipateni zeEEG.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba unobungozi obunzulu obuqala kwinxalenye enye yengqondo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ugxininise ekugxileni okuvela kwenye indawo kwingqondo. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba zivelele zombini ezigxininisekile kunye nokuthintela ngokubanzi.
Iimpawu
Iimpawu zoxinzelelo olujoliswe kuzo zingaguquka kwaye zingaqala ngokukhawuleza, ukugubha, okanye i-spasms enye inxalenye yomzimba. Ngaphezulu kwemizuzwana embalwa okanye imizuzu, iimpawu zingakhula okanye zingaphononophe zodwa njengoko umsebenzi owenziwe ngogesi ogqithweni usasazeka okanye usombulula.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kunokuba nzima kakhulu ngokukhawuleza ukuba ukubonakaliswa kokuqala okubonakalayo kokubamba ngokugqithiseleyo kunokuba kubonakale kunzima kakhulu, kwaye kungabonakali kukujoliswe kuyo.
Izimpawu zokuqala zengxowankulu ingabandakanya:
- Ubuso, intloko, ingalo, umlenze okanye i-body twitches, i-spasms okanye i-shaking
- Ukunyuka kweeyame ezingavamile okanye ezingaqhelekanga
- Ukudibanisa okanye ukuvuza
- Ukwaziswa okunciphise
- Ukulahleka kwengqondo
Izizathu
Ukubanjwa kweengxowankulu kubangelwa ngummandla wengqondo ojongene nomsebenzi owenziwe ngogesi. Le misebenzi yamandla engabonakaliyo ingaba khona ukusuka ekuzalweni, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukuxinwa okubalulekileyo kunokuqala ngenxa yomonakalo wengqondo nanini na ngexesha lobuntwaneni okanye umntu omdala.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokubanjwa kweengxaki ziquka:
- Ukuzalwa (kubakho ngokuzalwa)
- Intlungu yentlekele
- Isisu sobumba
- Stroke
- Usulelo lweBrain
- Isitya segazi esingaqhelekanga kwingqondo
Ukuxilongwa
Ukubanjwa kweengxowankulu kugxininiswe ngumbutho wezinto ezibandakanya:
- Imbali yonyango: Ukuba sele uqale ukuxinwa emva kokufumana intlungu embi okanye emva kokuba ufumene unesifo seengqondo, kukho ithuba eliqinileyo lokuba zijolise ekugqibeleni.
- Inkcazo yokubanjwa: Ugqirha wakho unokungaboni ubungqina bakho, kwaye ukuba ukhumbule amava anjengeemvakalelo ezingaqhelekanga okanye ukunyakaza kwenye inxalenye yomzimba wakho, oku kubonisa ukutshatyalaliswa ngokugqithiseleyo. Ngokufanayo, ukuba amaNgqina agcina ukunyuka kwelinye inxalenye yomzimba wakho ngaphambi kokuba okanye ngexesha lokubanjwa kwakho, oku kunokuxhasa ukuxilongwa kweengxaki zokugxotha. Ukuba ufumene ukukhubazeka okusalayo emva kwexesha elifutshane emva kokubanjwa, oku kusenokuthetha ukuba bekuyi-focus focal.
- Uhlolo loqobo: Uvavanyo lwakho lomzimba lunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba acinge ukuba unayo imeko yezokwelapha eyayinokukubeka phambili ekugxininiseni, njengesihlungu.
- Iimvavanyo zengqondo yeBongo: Ngamanye amaxesha ukuhlolwa kweengqondo zengqondo kungabonisa indawo yokulimala kwengqondo okanye isifo esichaphazelekayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo, iinjongo ezigxininisekanga azihambelani nezihambelana nokuhlolwa kweengqondo zengqondo.
- I-EEG: Ukutsalwa kweengxowanxu kungabandakanywa nommandla ogxininisiweyo womsebenzi ongasebenziyo kombane kwi-EEG, ngakumbi ngaphambili, ngexesha, okanye emva kokuthatha.
Unyango
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokonyango ezijoliswe ekugxininiseni. Ezi ziquka:
- Amachiza: Kukho uninzi lweemithi ezichasayo zokunqandwa kwamagciwane ezisebenzayo ekulawuleni ukuthotywa.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Ukususwa kwesilonda ukuba kukho i-lesion ekhutshweyo ebangela ukuxhamla, njengengxumbo.
- Utyando lwe-Epilepsy : Kukho iinkqubo ezininzi zokukhusela ezinokuthintela ukuthatha izibilini ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwabanye abantu abanesithuthwane.
Prognosis
Ukuba ugxininisekile, bangaphinda bahlawule okanye bangaphucula ngokwabo. Kunzima ukuqikelela ubunzima kunye nokuphindaphinda kwexesha elizayo. Ukuba unesifo esinye okanye ngaphezulu, kubalulekile ukufumana unyango. Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kwenza uvavanyo olusisiseko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufuna ukufumana unyango okanye utyando lokuthintela ukuthintela.
Ngokubanzi, uninzi lwabantu abanomdla wokubamba ingqondo okanye bafumana ukulungiswa kakuhle kokuthintela ukunyanga nokunyangwa ngonyango.
Ukwahlula
Ngokwezigaba ze-2017 zokutshatyalaliswa yi-International League Against Epilepsy, kukho iindidi eziliqela zoxinzelelo. Ezi zihlulo zisekelwe kwizinto eziliqela, kubandakanywa oku kulandelayo.
- Ukwazisa: Ngaba unokuqhelekileyo okanye wehla.
- Ukuhamba kwezinto ezibonakalayo: Ukutshatyalaliswa okunokuthi kungenakunxulumaniswa nokunyanzeliswa okungazibandakanyi. Izimpawu zeemoto ezinxulumene neengxaki zokugxila zihlulwa njenge-atonic, automatisms, clonic, spasms, okanye hyperkinetic, myoclonic, okanye tonic. Izimpawu ezingekho iimoto ezinxulumene neengxaki zokugxeka zikwahlula njengokuzimela, ukubopha ukuziphatha, ukuqonda, ukukhathazeka, okanye ukungasebenzi.
ILizwi
Ukuqhaqhazela kuyaqondakala kakhulu wena kunye nabathandekayo bakho. Ukuba ufumana ukubetha, kubalulekile ukuba ufumane unyango lwexesha elikhawulezayo. Kwinqanaba elifutshane, iqela lakho lezonyango liza kusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukubetha kwakho akuhlali ixesha elide, mhlawumbi uqalise amayeza ukuyeka ukuthatha.
Emva kokuba uzinzile, oogqirha bakho baya kusebenza ukuze baxilonge imbangela okanye uhlobo lokubamba kwakho kwaye bangakuqala kwisicwangciso sonyango sangexesha elide ukukhusela ukuqhuma okungakumbi, ukuba kuyimfuneko. Nangona ukuhlutha kukuxinzelelekile, kubalulekile ukuba ukwazi ukuba ukugxothwa ngokugqithiseleyo kulawulwa ngamachiza okanye unyango.
> Imithombo:
> Ulwahlulo olutsha lweZithintelo yi-International League Against Epilepsy 2017, iFisher RS, i-Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2017 Juni; 17 (6): 48. i-doi: 10.1007 / s11910-017-0758-6.