Ama-ovari anamaqabunga amangalisayo ayingxenye yenkqubo yokuzala isetyhini. Ama-ovari anxulumene nobukhulu kunye nomlo we-alimondi kwaye uhlala ngaphaya kwee-tublopian tubes - enye i-ovary kwicala ngalinye le-uterus. Njalo inyanga ngexesha lokuvuthwa, i-ovary efanelekileyo okanye ekhohlo ivelisa iqanda elilodwa elivuthiweyo lokuchumisa.
I-Ovarian Follicles and Ovulation
Ngaba wayesazi ukuba xa umntwana ezalwa, sele sele eneenkulungwane eziyi-1 000 zama-ovarian follicles?
I-follicle nganye ye-ovari iqukethe ibhola elingenalutho yeeseli kunye neqanda elidala ngaphakathi. Ngelo buntwaneni, malunga nesigamu se-ovarian follicles zithathwa ngumzimba. Ngethuba le nto intombazana ifinyelela ekufikeni komntwana kwaye isiqalo sayo sokuya esikhathini , i-folly i-ovarian kuphela engama-400,000 ishiywe ukuba ikhule ibe ngamaqanda aqolileyo.
Nangona iqanda elinye liqhele ukukhula ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokuvuthwa, kwindawo ethile phakathi kweetollicle ezilishumi kunye ne-20 ziqala inkqubo yokuvuthwa kwenyanga. Iifollic ovarian ezingaphezu kwee-ovari zenziwa kwakhona ngaphambi kokuba i-ovulation ivele.
Inkqubo ye-ovulation iqalwe kwaye ilawulwa yi-hormone estrogen (isiseko se-estradiol se-gonadotropin--leasing hormone (GnRH) ngoko-ke ithumela umyalezo kwi-pituitary gland ukwenzela ukwandisa ukukhuselwa kwayo kwe-hormone evuselela i-hormone (FSH). Kwi- FSH kubangela ukukhula kwezinto ezilishumi ukuya kwezingama-20 ze-ovarian follicles.
I-Estrogen ifihliwe ngamanye iiseli kwipollicle.
Ngaphambi kokuba kuqhutywe i-ovulation, i-follicle equkethe iqanda elikhulayo lihamba liye lafikelela kwi-ovary. Xa iqanda elikhulile lifikelela kwindawo ye-ovari, i-ovulation iyenzeka xa ulandelelwano lwentambo kunye ne-ovarian surface evulekile evumela iqanda ukuba likhuphe ngaphandle kwe-ovary.
Ukongezelela, i-progesterone nayo iveliswa ngamaseli ase-ovarian follicles kungekudala ngaphambi kokuba i-ovulation ivele.
Emva kokugqithisa, ukuba ukukhulelwa akuzange kwenzeke, ulandelelwano olungenalutho lubizwa ngokuba yi-corpus luteum kwaye luphinde lubuyele emzimbeni. Ukuba ukukhulelwa kwenzeka ukuba i-corpus luteum ivelise amahomoni anceda ukugcina ukukhulelwa.
Emva kokuba iqanda likhishwe kwi-ovary liya kwii-oviducts (iiphelo ezixubileyo zomtya we-fallopian tubes) apho iqalisa uhambo olude lweentsuku eziliqela kwi-uterus. Iqanda elivuthiweyo lihanjiswe ekuhambeni kwindlela ehamba ngayo kwiimitha ezinamaqabunga ezinqamlezo ezinjengeengqungquthela ezinjenge-tube fallopian. Isinxibe esingaphakathi kwiphubhu nganye ye-fallopian iqukethe i-cilia ehlala ibetha iinwele ezincinci; Ezi zi-cilia ziyakunceda ukunyuka kwesidoda kwiqanda ukuba ibhinqa lithe labelana ngesondo esingakhuselekanga. I-Conception (ukuchumisa kweqanda nge-sperm) idla ngokuqhelekileyo inxalenye yee-tubes ezikufutshane ne-ovary. Iintsuku ezintlanu ukuya ezintandathu zifunekayo ukuze iqanda elichumayo lifike kwisibeleko.
Ubuhlungu beMidcycle okanye i-Discomfort
Abanye abesifazana bafumana i-twinge, i-cramp, okanye ihlazo kumqolo osezantsi okanye ngesisu xa kuvela i-ovulation. Abanye ngamabhinqa maxa wambi besaqaphela inani elincinci lomkhuhlane wesisu, ngamanye amaxesha linomlinganiselo omncinci wegazi, ngexesha lokuvuthwa.
Kwabesifazana abathile, ezi zimpawu zinzima ngokwaneleyo ukuba ziphosakele ngenxa yokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic okanye i-appendicitis. Abanye abafazi banamahlunu, intlungu yesisu, okanye i-malaise jikelele; ngelixa abanye abafazi baziva bephucule ngakumbi ngexesha lokuvuthwa. Xa abafazi bafumana ezi zimpawu ngexesha lokuvuthwa kuthiwa yi-Mittelschmerz okanye intlungu ye-midcycle.
IiCyvarian Cysts
Ama-cysts e-Ovariya anama-sacs azaliswe ngamanzi, afana ne-blisters. Ama-cysts e-ovariya aqhelekileyo phakathi kwabasetyhini ngexesha lokuzala kwabo kunye nokukhula okuya kwimiba emibini ye-almond kwi-side of the uterus. Uninzi lweentlobo ze-cysts ze-ovari ziyingozi kwaye zihamba ngaphandle kwonyango.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
I-Polycystic ovarian syndrome (i- PCOS ) yintlupheko ye-hormonal echaphazela iipesenti ezisiqingatha ezisixhenxe zabesetyhini. Yiyona nto ixhaphakileyo ye-hormonal disorder phakathi kwabasetyhini. Ngokutsho kweengcali, inani langempela labasetyhini abachaphazelekayo yi-PCOS linokuphakama njengolunye nje kwabayishumi nje ngenxa yokuba amaninzi amaninzi ahlala engaziwa. Kutheni kukho iziganeko ezininzi ze-PCOS ezingafumanekiyo? Ekubeni iimpawu ziyahluka ukusuka kumfazi ukuya kumfazi kudla kunzima ukuxilonga ngokuchanekileyo i-polycystic ovarian syndrome. Ngenxa yokuba i-polycystic ovary syndrome ingabangela imiphumo ebalulekileyo yempilo yexesha elide, ukuxilongwa ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo, kulandelwa unyango olungxamisekileyo.
I-Ovarian Cancer
Umdlavuza we-Ovarian ubizwa ngokuthi "umthuli" ongenamaxesha amaninzi kungekho zibonakaliso kude kube yilapho isifo siye saqhubela phambili. Inxenye yesithathu yabasetyhini baseMerika baza kufumana uhlobo lomhlaza ngexesha lokuphila kwaye malunga ne-1.4 ekhulwini kulawo matyala kuya kuba nomhlaza ochaphazelekayo omnye okanye zombini ama-ovari.
Izibilini ze-Fallopian ezonakaliswe zizifo, izifo, okanye ezinye iimeko zingabonakala zonakaliswe, zonakaliswe okanye zonakaliswe ngamanye amaxesha zingabangela ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic (tubal). Ezinye zezinto ezibangela umonakalo we-tube fallopian ziquka izifo zeplavic (infidmatory disease) (PID) , endometriosis , okanye ii-IUDs , kunye nezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STDs) okanye ezinye izifo zeplovic.
Amaqanda angagqithwanga, angaphambuki okanye aphume emzimbeni (angaboni) kunye nemfihlo yecala.