Umgca phakathi koKwaziswa kakuhle kunye nokuba yiCyberchondriac
Ngokwe-Pew Research Centre, ngaphezu kweyesithathu kwabaseMerika basebenzisa intanethi xa bakholelwa ukuba baneempilo. Iziphumo zabo zophando, nangona kunjalo, azilandelelwanga rhoqo ngokutyelela ugqirha. Ukuzibonela nge-intanethi kuba yinto eqhelekileyo kubasebenzisi be-intanethi abaye baqonda ngokubanzi isixa esikhulu semithombo yezempilo ye-intanethi kwaye bafuna ukuzivelela ekulawuleni imizimba yabo kunye nentlalo-ntle.
Esikhundleni sokulinda ukuqeshwa, ukuba uxoxe ngeempawu zabo ngogqirha kwaye ngokukhawuleza unxuse iimvavanyo zokuxilonga ezongezelelweyo, izigulane ezinokuthi zenze uphando olubanzi kwiWebhu kwaye zixubushe ukuxilongwa okungafaniyo kunye neempawu zabo de zifumane ukuba zibonakala zifane kakuhle.
I-Intanethi yenza ulwazi olunxulumene nempilo phantse lufumaneke kwihlabathi jikelele. Inceda ekufundiseni abantu ngempilo yabo kwaye ibenza bakwazi ukwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga neendlela zabo zokonyango. Kukho imizekelo yabantu abazibonela ngokuchanekileyo emva kweminyaka engama-diagnosis. Umzekelo wamva nje ibali elibi leBronte Doyne. I-Bronte yaxelelwa oogqirha bakhe ukuba bayeke ukuxilonga kwaye ekugqibeleni bafewe yimeko ebeyayifumene, kodwa imeko engazange yabonwa ngabagqirha bayiphatha kuze kube yilapho iphela.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuhamba kweempawu zakho zezobugqirha akupheli kwisisombululo kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi kunokuvelisa uxhalaba olungadingekile, ukuguqula i-hypochondriacs zangaphambili kwii-cyberchondriac zanamhlanje.
Abanye banokufumana umlutha wokufuna rhoqo ulwazi lwezempilo kwi-intanethi, bazihlolisise baze bafune ukuqinisekiswa, kunye nokuvavanya iimvavanyo kunye nokuhlolwa okungafanelekanga.
Ukunyuka kweempawu ezingenasifo
Izibonakaliso eziqhelekileyo zinokubangela abanye abasebenzisi ukuba baqale ukuhlola imeko ezinqabileyo neziqatha eziza kukhangela kwi-intanethi.
Uphononongo oluninzi olugqityiwe ngo-2008 lubonise ukuba ii-injini zee-Web ziyakwazi ukwandisa ukuxhalabisa kwezonyango zabantu abangenanto okanye bangaqeqeshwa. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba ukunyuka kwamanzi kwathonywa yimali kunye nokusabalaliswa komxholo wezobugqirha obonwa ngabasebenzisi, ukusetyenziswa kwesigama esichukumisayo kwiisayithi abaye bazityelela kunye nokuxhomekeka komntu ukuxhalabisa. Ngokwahlukileyo, kukho abantu abathi banokuzibonela ngokuchanekileyo ngokuchanekileyo, ingakumbi ukuba oko bajamelanayo kubaluleke kakhulu kunye ne-atypical. Ngokomzekelo, kwiimeko ezinjengeBronte, umntu ongaphandle angakhange avunyelwe okanye angakuhoywa kwaye aphathwe liqela lezonyango njengempilo yonyango xa engekho.
Nangona kunjalo, ulwazi lwezempilo olufumaneka kwi-intanethi luhlala luchanekile okanye aluzalanga. Xa kuhlolwa iingubo ezingama-23 zokuhlola iimpawu zokuchaneka kunye nokuchaneka kovavanyo, abaphandi baseHarvard Medical School bafumana ukungaphumeleli. Ingxenye yesithathu kuphela (ama-34 ekhulwini) aphumelele ukufumana ukuxilongwa ngokufanelekileyo okokuqala, kwaye ngaphezu kwesiqingatha (iipesenti ezingama-57) inikezela ngcebiso echanekileyo (umz. Kwakhona, ngokubhekiselele kuMatw Chung weYunivesithi yaseSouth Carolina School of Medicine, i-intanethi ihlala iveza iingcomo ezingahambelani nxamnye neengcebiso zonyango.
UChung wafunda iziphakamiso ze-intanethi zokulala usana olukhuselekileyo. Ufumene ukuba kwiiwebhusayithi ezili-1,300, ngaphantsi kwesigamu (iipesenti ezingama-43,5) zinikezela ngolwazi oluchanekileyo kwesi sihloko sempilo.
Indlela yokuphucula abahloli beempawu ze-intanethi?
Xa izigidi zabasebenzisi zikhangele ulwazi lwezempilo kwi-intanethi, oku kudala idatha enkulu yedatha. Abaphengululi ngoku bafaka ezi zedatha zee-datasets ukuvavanya i-algorithms ye-predictive engenza ukuba abahloli beefayile be-intanethi bangcono. Uphuhliso olutsha kwindlela yokufunda ngomatshini luncedisa iinzame zabo zokufumana iipatheni ekuphandeleni kwi-intanethi nokuxilonga imeko ngaphambili. Umfundi ogqirha uJohn Paparrizos uhlangene noEric Horvitz kunye noRyen White, ababhali be-2008 ingxelo kwi-cyberchondria, ukuyila i-algorithm engabonakalisa abantu abasandul 'ufumane umdla ngomhlaza we-pancreatic ngokubheka uphando lwabo lwangaphambili lwe-intanethi.
Uphononongo lwawo lubonisa ukuba ukuxilongwa okuthethelelekileyo kunokukwazi ukuqikelelwa ngokuphonononga imibuzo yomntu kwi-intanethi. Ngenkqubo ephuculweyo yezixhobo ze-intanethi, izigulane ziyakuthi zifunyanwe ngaphambi kokuba ziphule kakhulu ukuba zibaphathe.
Ukuthintela iimpazamo zokuxilonga
Izicwangciso zenkxaso yesigqibo sezonyango (ii-CDSSs) zicelo ezibandakanyekayo ezingabancedisa abasebenzi basebezempilo ukuba benze izigqibo ezisekelwe kwisiseko kwaye bangakwazi ukuqikelela iziphumo zonyango. Ngokwenxenye impendulo kwi-critique yokuba oogqirha bahlala bexilongwa, bangaphantsi okanye baphathwe kakubi, kunye / okanye bahluleka ukubhekisela kwezinye iindawo ezizodwa zonyango, ii-CDs zibhekwa njengeyona ndlela ebalulekileyo yobungcali bezokwelapha kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ibe yinkqubela ngakumbi kwaye ifaneleke Sifaka ngokupheleleyo ukuguqulwa kwedijithali kwiinkonzo zempilo.
Ii-CDSS zixhaphaka ngokubanzi ekutshentsheni, ukuphonononga, ukuhlolwa komngcipheko, ukuxilongwa, ukuhlolwa kovavanyo kunye nokubeka iliso. I-CDSS ziyakwazi ukunxibelelana nedata yesigulane kwiirekhodi zezempilo zekhompyutha.
Iimodeli ezikhethiweyo ze-CDSS zithembela kwimithombo emininzi yedatha efana nolwazi lwezofuzo, iiklinikhi kunye nolwazi lwentlalo. Ii-CDSS ziyinxalenye yento ebizwa ngokuba 'yonyango ekhethwe ngabantu abathile' engekho esekelwe ngabantu, kodwa kunoko igxininise malunga ne-pharmacology kunye nokungenelela okunxulumene nomntu. Uphononongo olukhokelwa nguDkt Peter Elkin, olawula iSibonelelo seNtaba yeSinayi ye-Informal Biomedical Informatics, wacetyiswa ukuba ii-CDSS ziyakwandisa ububanzi bokuxilongwa kwemeko eyahlukileyo, okuza kwenza ukuba i-diagnostic ichaneke ngakumbi, iyanciphisa isibhedlele ukuhlala, igcine ubomi kunye nokubonelela ngexabiso loqoqosho kwezo zombini kwisigulane kunye nomboneleli.
Ukusasazeka kwamkelwa kwe-CDSS akuzange kwenzeke kodwa kusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, kodwa iingcali ezininzi zikholelwa ukuba izixhobo ezinjalo zinokunceda ukunqoba idiosyncrasies ezikhoyo ngononophelo lwempilo namhlanje. Kwakhona, ixabiso leCDSS liyaqatshelwa ngokubambisana kunye neerekhodi zezempilo ze-elektroniki ( EHR ). Olu hlobo lwethekhnoloji yezobugcisa lunokubangela ukuhlula phakathi kweengcamango kunye nezenzo ezihlala zichaphazela inkqubo yokuxilonga kwaye ziyeke izigulane zinganelisekanga. Izigulane kunye neeklinikhi zifuna ukuba ziqhelane namathuba ezeteknoloji yezempilo ezinika yona, ngelixa singalahlekelwa indawo yeengxaki ezikhoyo eziza kukuphazamiseka kwezobuchwepheshe. Njengoko ezi zixhobo ziguqukile, ithemba liyabasebenzisi baya kulungeleka ngakumbi ukwenza izigqibo ezinempilo, ezinolwazi malunga nokunyamekela kwabo kunye nokonyango.
> Imithombo
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