Izigulane ziqhelekile kubantu abadala, kunye nokuhlinzwa okuyi-cataract kuba yindlela ekhuselekileyo yokuphepha eyenziwa phakathi kwamaMerika. Ukuba uhlola unyango lwe-cataract, unokuba nomdla kwi-laser cataract surgery.
Utyando lwe-cataract lwendabuko lugqityiwe ngokusebenzisa i-blade encinci yokuchithwa kokuqala, landelwa yinkqubo eyenziwa nge-phacoemulsifier.
I-phacoemulsifier iyisistim e-ultrasound eshukumisa kwisantya esiphezulu sokuthi i-cataract i-emulsified or dissolved into pieces and smallly sucked out of the eye.
Ngo-2011, uLolawulo lwezoKutya kunye noLwabiwo-mvume lunike imvume kwiinkampani ezininzi ze-laser zokuhlinzwa, okubizwa ngokuba yi-femtosecond laser cataract surgery.
Ukuguqulwa kweCataract ye-Laser
Ngethuba lokuhlinzwa, i-incision encinci yenziwe kwinqanaba le- cornea . Isibhengezo senziwe ngesinyithi okanye idayimane yomgca obanjwe ngugqirha. Esi sihlomelo sokuzibophezela si-2 ukuya ku-2.5 mm ubude kwaye sinomlinganiselo omncinci kunye nesigxina kangangokuba akukho ziqu ezifunekayo.
Ngophenyo lwe-laser cataract, kunye ne-femtosecond laser, ugqirha unokwazi ukujonga umfanekiso ophakamileyo, ophakanyisiweyo owenziwe nguye kwisixhobo se- OCT esakhelwe. Ukukhangela kwendlela yokusebenza kungenziwa ngokobuchule ngaphandle kokuthatha ingqalelo kwimeko yamava ogqirha.
Isixhobo esilungele i-laser siphephe kwaye sisilunge ngakumbi kunokuba ugqirha owenziwe ngugqirha.
Inxalenye esilandelayo yenkqubo yokutyunjwa kwe-cataract yendabuko yi-capsulotomy. Ngethuba le-capsulotomy, ugqirha ogqithiseleyo uyakhala iincinci engxenyeni engaphambili yecompsule ye-lens ephethe i-lens kunye ne-cataract. Ukuchaneka kwale nxalenye yocandelo lotyando lungahluka kumgqirha ugqirha ukuba ugqirha njengoko ukuchaneka kwe-capsulotomy kuxhomekeke kumava ogqirha.
Ugqirha uya kudala le mvume ngokusebenzisa inaliti ukudiliza imbobo encinane kwi capsule. Ugqirha uya kusebenzisa i-forceps ukudiliza isangqa ukuya kwicala langaphambili le capsule. Le nxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuhlinzwa ngenxa yokuba i-capsule endala iya kuhlala ibambe iqela elitsha okanye i-intraocular lens, efakwe kwiso ukuze ithathe indawo yenkxalabo ye-lens-cataract.
Ngophenyo lwe-laser cataract, i-capsulotomy yenziwe ngendlela ejikelezekileyo ejikelezayo kwaye iphela ngokuzimeleyo yonyango. Isiqulatho setyhula sinokuthi sigxininiswe ngokugqibeleleyo ukubamba i-lens entsha.
Xa i-capsulotomy yenzeka kwi-cataract yokuhlinzwa, udokotela ogqirha usebenzisa i-phacoemulsifier idivaysi esebenzisa i-ultra-speed ultrasound ukuba iphule i-cataract ibe yizicucu ezincinci, ezithathwa ngokukhawuleza.
Ngeli lasersecond laser, i-lens iyaqhekeka ibe ngamaqhezu amancinci njenge-phacoemulsifier. Inzuzo yokusebenzisa i-laser kukuba amandla amaninzi angena ekugqaseni i-cataract ngaphandle, ngokunjalo ukunciphisa iingxaki ezinokuthi ziphule i-capsule, okanye iingxaki ezinzima, ezinjengegazi okanye i-retinal detachment.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo kwinkqubo ye-cataract ukufaka ukufakelwa kwe-lens entsha ye-intraocular ukufaka endaweni yelensi eyasuswa ngaphambili.
Kwizigulane ezininzi, amandla athathatyathweyo okutshintshwa kwilensi entsha ukuzama ukunciphisa imfuno yesigulane ukugqoka iiglasi ngenxa yemisebenzi emide emide emva kokuhlinzwa. Ukuba umntu ogqirhayo ukhangeleka okanye ukhangele phambili, ukufakelwa kwe-lens kuya kuhlawula loo myalelo.
Ngamanye amaxesha, i- astigmatism ehleliyo iya kuvela, ibangele imbonakalo engaphantsi kokufundwa emva kokuhlinzwa. Amagqirha amaninzi aya kudala iziphumo ezincinane usebenzisa i-blade ukuhlawula i-astigmatism eseleyo. Kwakhona, nge-laser, echanekileyo, ibekwe bhetele, ukubandakanywa kwe-laser-inction kungenziwa kwilingo lokuphelisa i-astigmatism.
Ngaba i-Laser Cataract Surgery ingcono?
Utyando lwe-cataract lwendabuko luhlala lukhuselekile kwaye lunempumelelo. Uninzi lwamagqirha bakholelwa ukuba utyando lwe-laser cataract ngokuqinisekileyo isinyathelo esilandelayo ekuphuculeni ukhuseleko kunye neziphumo zabantu abane-cataract surgery. Uninzi lwama-cataract ogqirha bakholelwa ukuba ekugqibeleni lonke uphando lwe-cataract luya kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-laser.
Namhlanje, utyando lwe-laser cataract luya kukhanya ngakumbi kwi-premium multifocal okanye i-presbyopia-ekulungiseni ukulungiswa okukhethekileyo. Ezi mpilisi ze-premium multifocal ziyanciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwimibala yokukhanya ye-cataract ye-eyeglasses ngokulungisa iinjongo zokubona umgama kuphela kodwa kunye nombono ophakathi kunye nomfutshane. Ezi zifakelo zenzelwe ukunika isigulane ukuba zifune kuphela iziglasi zamaziko ngokukhawuleza. Olu hlobo lotyando lufuna ukuchaneka okukhulu, ngoko ke i-femtosecond laser.
Ukutsalwa kwe-Laser Cataract Surgery
Enye yezinto ezingenakuthatyathwa kwe-laser cataract surgery yinkxalabo yokuzilungisa. Abantu abaqhuba inkqubo yelaser bavame ukuvelisa obomvu ngaphezulu ngosuku emva kokuhlinzwa, ngenxa yokuqhawulwa kwesixhobo ngexesha lotyando.
Isalathiso sesibini yindleko. Iinkqubo ze-laser eziye zavunyelwa i-FDA okwenzelwe ukutyunjwa kwe-cataract zenza ukuba ugqirha aphike kwii-400,000 ukuya kwii-500,000 zamaRandi ukuthenga. Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha banzima ngcamango yokuba nangona iteknoloji entsha inokuthi ibe bhetele kwimiba ethile, ukwanda okwenyukayo kwiindleko akunakunceda umguli okanye inkqubo yonakekelo lwempilo ngokubanzi. Akungathandabuzeki ukuba i-Medicare kunye neenkampani zomshuwalense ziya kugubungela inkqubo.
Okwesithathu, nangona inyathelo nganye yenkqubo ye-laser mhlawumbi ikhuselekile, yonke inkqubo ngokwayo ithatha ixesha elide, ikhulisa umngcipheko weengxaki okanye isifo. Kwizandla ezinezakhono ze-cataract surgeon, utyando lwe-cataract lwendabuko lunokuthatha ixesha elincinane ukuya kwi-10-15 imizuzu yokuhlinzwa okwenene, kunye nokuhlinzwa okwenziwe i-laser kuthatha ixesha elide.
Imithombo
UCunningham, uDerek noWalter Whitely. "I-Femto-Phaco: Ngaba sishumayela inguqulelo elandelayo kwi-cataract surgery?" Uqoqosho lwe-Optometric, ngoMeyi 2012.
Guttman, uCheryl. "I-FDA Ukhokelo olutsha lwe-FS femtosecond laser creation of incisions." I-Ophthalmology Times, ngoMeyi 2012.