Iintlungu zamehlo zinokuphazamisa kwaye zonakalise. Ngesinye isikhathi kunokuba nzima ukuxilonga. Ukuba intlungu yeso sizathu ngenxa yokulimala, ngoko isizathu sibonakala sibala. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uvuka ekuseni ngeentlungu zeso, kunokusaphazamisa. Yintoni ebalulekileyo ukujonga ukuba intlungu ivele ngokukhawuleza okanye ihamba ngokuthe gqolo.
Ingaba intlungu ibukhali okanye ifuthe? Ingaba iintlungu zivakalelwa ngathi zivela ebusweni, zijikeleze iliso, ngasemva kweso okanye kwintsiza? Nazi ezinye ezimbalwa ezibangela iintlungu zeso.
Ubuhlungu kwiso lungavela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zeso:
• I- Cornea : Iwindow ecacileyo phambi kweso lakho elijolise ekukhanyeni
• I- Sclera : Abamhlophe bamehlo akho
• I- Conjunctiva : Isambatho esincinci se-sclera yakho kunye nengaphakathi lekhosidi yakho
• Iris : Inxalenye yombala yelihlo lakho, kunye nomfundi phakathi
• I- Orbit : Ibhokhwe (ibhokhwe yeselingi) ekhanda lakho apho iso kunye nezihlunu zalo zikhona.
• Izisipha ze-extraocular : Zijikeleza iso lakho.
• Amasipha : Aphethe ulwazi olubonakalayo emehlweni akho kwingqondo yakho.
• Iimbopheko : Izikhuselo zangaphandle ezikhusela nokwandisa umswakama emehlweni akho.
Iimbangela ezintle zobunzima bamehlo
I-Stye - I-stye, okanye i-hordeolum, ngokuqhelekileyo iqala njengejwabu leso elincinci elithintekayo.
Kunokuba buhlungu xa kuqala. Nangona ukubonakala kwe-stye kungabonakali ngamanye amaxesha, kudla kakubi. I-stye yincinci encinci ngaphandle okanye ngaphakathi kwentsiza. I-stye ivela kwi-follicle ye-eyelash okanye i-eyelidi ye-oyili ye-huland eguqulwa kwinqwelo yeoli, i-debris okanye ibhaktheriya.
Izityiba zinokuba yinkxalabo kodwa zibonakala zingeniswe ngongcinezelo.
I-corneal abrasion - I-corneal abrasion iskratshi kwi-cornea, isakhiwo esicacileyo se-dome-like in front of the eye. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukulimala kubangela ukukhishwa kwamanzi, ukususa ugcino oluphezulu lwe-cornea. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukulimala kunzima kwaye kubonakalisa isalathisi sesibini se-cornea, ukuguguleka kwe-corneal ephindaphindiweyo kwenzeka. Ukuqhwaba kungaphilisa kodwa emva kwexesha, inyanga okanye iminyaka, izigulane zivame ukuvuka phakathi kobusuku okanye kusasa ngeentlungu zesohlo. Ukulimala kuvula kwakhona kwaye kunzima ukuphilisa.
Umzimba wasemzini - Ngamanye amaxesha inxalenye yothuli, isanti okanye i-debris ingabaleka kwijiso. Ngamaxesha amaninzi indlela yethu yokukhenkcela kunye neinyembezi zenza umsebenzi omhle wokugxotha i-debris, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha umzimba ongaphandle ungeniswa phantsi kwejwabu leso. Njalo xa ulala, i-debris iyakwazi ukukhangela i-cornea yakho, ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ngaphandle kweqhekeza ye-glitter ingeniswa phantsi kwekhosi okanye kwi-cornea kwaye yenze intlungu yesohlo.
Iso elomileyo - Ukuba nomama omile kunokudala intlungu. I-cornea izaliswe ngamagulane anika iso kunye nengqondo yengxelo. Xa ubuso bamehlo bomela ngokwaneleyo, i-cornea ingaba neendawo ezimbi ezibizwa ngokuthi i-keratitis.
Oku kudla ukuziva ngathi buhlungu kakhulu, buhlungu entweni. Idla ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaye ihamba kodwa ingaba njalo.
Intloko yesifo nentlungu - Iintsholongwane kunye neengxaki ze-sinus ziyinto eqhelekileyo yentlungu okanye uxinzelelo emva kweso. Uninzi lwethu luye lwabona oku kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo imeko ukuba iyanelisekile kwaye isombulule emva kokuba i-headache okanye ingxaki yesifo iphathwa. Nangona kunjalo, iintsholongwane ze-sinus ziye zaziwa ukuba zinzima kangangokuthi usulelo luhlasela izicubu ezizungezile ngaphandle kwendawo yesono. Ngenxa yoko, isifo sesifo akufanele sityeshelwe.
Ingxaki zoqhagamshelwano lens - Ukugqoka ii-lens zoqhagamshelwano imihla ngemihla (okanye ixesha elide) kungenza ukuba amehlo aphephe aze avele obomvu.
Abanye abantu bahlakulela amehlo omeleyo abonayo, okwenza kube nzima ukugqoka ii-lens ngokukhawuleza. Qaphela ukuba ukugqoka ii-lens zoxinzelelo kwixesha elide kunokubangela umbono ophazamisayo, intlungu kunye nokubomvu ngenxa yokungabi nciphiso kwe-oksijeni idlulayo kwiso.
Iingxaki ezibalulekileyo zesohlwayo kweso
I-glaucoma yokuvala i-angle ecacileyo - Iimeko ezininzi ze-glaucoma azidalanga zibonakalo. Nangona kunjalo, i-glaucoma engabonakaliyo ebizwa ngokuthi i-glaucoma yokuvala i-angle egciniweyo ngokuqhelekileyo iza ngokukhawuleza kwaye idala intlungu yesohlo. Izigulane zihlala zikhalaza ngokubomvu kwamehlo kwaye zivame ukubona ii-halos kunye neempuphu ezijikeleza izibane ngenxa yokuvuvukala. Kulolu hlobo lwe-glaucoma, ipayipi yokudonsa iso ivalwe kwaye i-fluid egcwalisa iso ayikwazi ukucima kakuhle. Uxinzelelo lukwakha kwijiso ngokukhawuleza kwaye lubangela iintlungu zaso kunye nokuvuvukala. Le meko idinga unyango okanye ukulahlekelwa kweso mbono.
I-optic neuritis - I-Optic neuritis yukuvuvukala kwentsholongwane ye-optic. Nangona i-optic neuritis ingavela kwizinto ezinobangela, idibene ne-multiple sclerosis. Kuyathakazelisa ukuba izigulana zikhalaza ngokunciphisa embonweni kodwa zibuhlungu nokuhamba kwamehlo. Ubunzima bubonakala ngokunyakaza kwamehlo ngoba i-nertic optic ifana nentambo edibanisa iliso kwingqondo. Njengoko iliso lihambela phambili nangaphandle, iimbilini zibuyela emva nangaphandle kwaye xa zivuthayo, intlungu ingenzeka.
Uveitis - Uveitis kukuvuvukala kwekamelo langaphambili, igumbi elipheleleyo lamanzi eligciniweyo ngaphambili kwiso. I-Uveitis isoloko ivela kwelinye iliso kwaye ibangela intlungu yesohlo. Kwakhona, izigulana zikhalaza ngobukhulu bokukhanya kokukhanya. Uveitis ingaphathwa ngempumelelo nge-steroids kwiimeko ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-uveitis ihlala ixesha elide, ezinye iingxaki zingenzeka njenge-glaucoma.
Unyango lwe-Eye Pain
Unyango lwamaziko eentlungu zamehlo malunga nento ekubangela ukuba intlungu ijonge. Kubalulekile ukuba ubone i-optometrist okanye i-ophthalmologist ukufumanisa umthombo weentlungu zeso. Kwezinye iimeko, iyakwazi ukulungiswa lula kwiofisi efutshane. Ngokomzekelo, esinye sezizathu eziqhelekileyo zentlungu yamehlo ngumzimba wasemzini ongena kwi-eyeriyeli ephezulu. Njalo xa uqhaqhazela, umzimba ongaphandle phantsi kwesiqhekeza uyakrokraza phambili kwimeko ye-cornea. Ugqirha unokukubona oku lula phantsi kwesixhobo esibizwa ngokuba sisibane sesibane se-biomicroscope. Uphawu olubonayo phantsi kwe-microscope lubizwa ngokuba ngumkhondo womzimba wangaphandle. Ugqirha lula ngokukhawuleza ijwabu leso aze asuse ummeli okhubekayo kunye nesigulana ngokukhawuleza sikhuphe ukusila.
Ngamanye amaxesha ungeke ufike kwiofisi yegqirha ngokukhawuleza. Zama la mayeza alandelayo de ungayenza ekuqeshweni kwakho:
• Ukunyanzelwa kwesibindi : Ukuxinwa kwamanzi kungabangela ukuphuphuma ngokukhawuleza kwentlungu kunye nokuvuvukala kwiso elinobuhlungu. Ungasebenzisa intsimbi yokuhlamba ebandayo, okanye ipakethe ye-ice eqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukulimala kwezemidlalo. Ukuxinwa kwamanzi kukukhulu ukukhulula intlungu ehambelana nokugqithwa kwamehlo.
• "I-Chilled" iinyembezi zokuzenza : Ngezinye iinyembezi ezikhoyo zifumaneka kwivenkile yakho yezilwanyana. Oogqirha bancomela iinyembezi ezinokuthi zisoloko zimehlo. Phonsa ibhotile yakho yezinyembezi ezenziwayo kwiqrijini ngeyure. Ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko, iinyembezi eziqhenqileyo "ezinokutshatyalaliswa ngamanye amaxesha" zinciphisa intlungu okanye ingcono kunokuba ubuhlungu bonyango bube bunzima.
• Inkompe yokufudumala : Iimpembelelo zokunciphisa intlungu yomlilo okanye ukufudumala ziyaziwayo kwiinkonzo zempilo. Uze ube nomva emva kwaye uphakamise ukupaka. Kuyamangalisa ukuba intlungu ihamba ngokukhawuleza. Kwiimeko ezininzi zamehlo, ezinjengezitofu, ukuxinwa okufudumeleyo kunciphisa intlungu ngokukhawuleza. Ukunyanzeliswa ngokufudumala kukuhle kwintlungu ye-sinus enxulumene neliso.
• I- patch yeso: Ngamanye amaxesha intlungu iyancitshiswa xa unciphisa ijwabu leso. Beka ipakiti yamehlo okanye tape i-eyelidi ivalelwe nge-tape yezokwelapha. Njengomzekelo wethu ngasentla, ukuba unomzimba wasemzini kweliso lakho, ukunciphisa amandla okukhankanya kuya kuncitshiswa. Ukugubungela iliso elivaliwe ngaphezu kweeyure ezimbalwa lugxininiswe kwezinye iindawo zonyango. Iibhaktheriya ziyakhula kwimimandla emnyama, efudumele njengeliso elinomxinzelelo wokuxinzelela. Ungayishiyi i-patched ngaphezu kweeyure ezimbalwa ngaphandle kokubona ugqirha weziliso.
Igumbi elimnyama : Izibane ezikhanyayo zingenza ukuba ube neengxaki ezinzulu kwiimeko ezifana ne-corneal abrasions okanye uveitis.
Emva kokuba ufike kwiofisi yegqirha yeziliso, ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa i-anesthetic eyeical eye ebizwa ngokuba yiproparacaine okanye i-tetracaine ukuze unqine amehlo akho. Oku kusebenza ngemizuzwana kwaye kunokuzisa isisombululo isisombululo ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, ayihlali ixesha elide. Nangona lihle ngelixesha elifutshane, la mahlo ahla ayenakuze atyunwe ngokuthe ngqo kwisigulane. Ukuphindaphinda ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwe-anesthetics yezobugcisa kungabangela "ukusetyenziswa kakubi kokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala." Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide lala matonsi kunokubangela ukuba i-corneal yakho inyibilike kwaye mhlawumbi ibe yinto enqabileyo kunye nobumfama. Oogqirha banakho ukunika i-NSAID okanye i-non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, amaconsi asehlohlo anceda ukulawula intlungu yeso. Ezi zisebenza kakuhle, kodwa nazo, akufanele zimiselwe ixesha elide. Nangona ikhuselekile kunokuba i-eye ye-anesthetic ishiywe, ii-NSAID zingakhokelela iingxaki ze-cornea ukuba zibekwe kwiinkqubo ezingalunganga okanye ixesha elide kakhulu.Nye amanye amachiza anokunyangwa ukuba aphathe imeko esezantsi ebangela intlungu. Njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla, ngezinye iintlungu zesohlo zivela kwinto elula kakhulu, ngelixa ezinye iimeko, zinokuba nzima kakhulu. Ukuba iintlungu zamehlo ziyaqhubeka ngaphezu kweeyure ezimbalwa, kufuneka ubone ugqirha weziliso.
ILizwi
Iintlungu zamehlo zivela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo. Ingcinga efanelekileyo yokufuna iingcebiso zegqirha zamehlo xa ubuhlungu belihlo liqhubeka. Nangona emva kweeyure okanye ngeveki, musa ukuhlambalaza ngokubiza udokotela wakho ngokukhawuleza. Imeko yakho ingaba nzima kwaye ifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo.
Imithombo:
1. Kunimoto, uDerek Y, Kunal D Kanitkar, uMary Makar, uMark Friedberg kunye noChristopher Rapuano. I-Eye Wills Manual, i-Ofisi kunye neZiko loPhulo oluPhezulu lweZiko kunye neNyango yeZifo zeYeyayi, iShicilelo sesine. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, ngo-2004.
2. UTyler, Julie, iMigaqo ye-Ocular Pain Control,, uJulie Tyler, OD, Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Optometry. NgoJanuwari 2016.