I-retinopathy ene-hypertensive iyinkxalabo yokuba negazi elingapheliyo, okanye uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi kunye neempembelelo zegazi kwi-retina. I-retina yimizimba ecacileyo, enezithombe ezibonakalayo ezenza umgca we-eyeball. Iimpawu ze-retina kwaye zitshintshe ukukhanya zibe yimpembelelo yentsholongwane ehamba nge-nertic optic kwingqondo apho sichaza imiphumo njengombono.
Xa uxinzelelo lwegazi luhlala luphakame ixesha elide kakhulu, imithwalo yegazi emzimbeni wethu kwaye ingakumbi kwiso iyanzima okanye ifaniswe. Xa izitya zibe zincinci kakhulu kule ndawo, i-retina ayifumana ukuhamba kwegazi okwaneleyo kwaye igule ngenxa yokuba ayifumani oksijini kunye nokondla okwaneleyo.
Iimpawu ze-retinopathy ezinomtsholongwane ngamanye amaxesha zinomzimba omnene kodwa amanye amava:
- Umbono ophantsi okanye umbono obonakalayo
- Imithambo yegazi eqhutyayo ngaphandle kwemehlo (i- subconjunctival hemorrhages )
- Umbono ombini
I-Optometrists kunye ne-ophthalmologist iyakwazi ukuxilonga i-retinopathy ye-hypertensive ngokugqiba ukuhlolwa kwamehlo. Umbono kunye nempilo yamehlo iya kuhlolwa ngamehlo kuya kuhlanjululwa. Amaconsi akhethekileyo afakwe kwijoni enza ukuba umfundi abe mkhulu ukuze izakhiwo zangaphakathi zeso. Oogqirha bamehlo bangasebenzisa i-biomicroscope kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-ophthalmoscope ukujonga izakhiwo zangaphakathi.
Ngamanye amaxesha uvavanyo olongezelelweyo olunjenge- optical coherence tomography (OCT) okanye i-fluorescein angiography inokufuneka ukuba ubone iinkcukacha. Ezi mvavanyo ziya kubavumela oogqirha ukuba bafumane ukuvuvukala kwi-retina kunye nokuvuza kweemithambo yegazi. Utshintsho olunokuthi lubonise i-retinopathy ye-hypertensive:
- Ukugqithisa kwemithambo: Iimitha ze-retinal zincinci.
- Ukugqithisa okanye ukukhawuleza: Iimitha zengxubeba zingadlulela kwiimvumba ngokungavumelekanga kwaye zenze uxinzelelo olungathandeki kubo.
- I-wiring ye-Copper: Udonga lwesitya segazi luya kutshintsha kwaye lukhuni kwaye lubangela ukuba iinqanawa zibukeke njengetambo yethusi
Imiphumo embi kakhulu ye-retinopathy yongxowankulu yile:
- Ukuphela kwama-vascular occlusion: Ngezinye izihlandlo ngenxa yokuxhatshazwa kwe-arteriovenous nicking i-retinal venin occlusion occlusion ingenzeka. Iinqanawa ziyavela kwaye zingaphula.
- Iziqhumane ezinjengamaqabunga asemlilweni: Ezi zi-hemorrhages ezinobuncwane okanye i-flame nomfanekiso wazo phezu komphezulu we-retina
- Amabala e-Cotton-wool: Ezi ziyimhlophe, iindawo ezingenakwenzeka kwi-retina engenalo i-oxygen.
- I-yellow exudates ephuzi: Olu luphuzi oluphuzi luyi-lipra deposinal deposit kwi-ship retinal.
- Ukuvuvukala kwe-disc: I-optic disc ukukhukhumeza kwi-retinopathy eyingozi kakhulu ibizwa ngokuba yinkinga enkulu yonyango kunye neyonyango kufuneka ilawulwe ngokukhawuleza.
Ezinye iingxaki zezokwelapha ezinokuthi zenzeke kwiso kwingozi yengozi ziquka:
- interior ischemic optic neuropathy
- kubandakanywa kwamagatsha okubuyisela
- utywala obunobumba bokutshintsha
- iimbilini zentlungu
- ukunyuka kwe-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela
- glaucoma neovascular
- macroaneurysms
- ocular ischemic syndrome
Unyango lwe-retinopathy ye-hypertensive uqala ngokulawula i-blood pressure. Ukuba ukulahlekelwa kombono kuqala, i-retina iyaphathwa ngokujova i-steroids kwiso. Iimithi zonyango zokugcina i-antitivascular endothelial zijonge kwakhona. Umzekelo wemithi ye-antitivascular iquka ranibizumab, pegaptanib, ne-bevacizumab. Ukuvuvukala kwe-retinal kudla ngamanye amayeza kunye nelaser.
Umonakalo obalulekileyo ungenzeka kwezinye izitho zomzimba ngokunjalo. I-retinopathy ene-hypertensive iyakuthintelwa okanye iyancitshiswa ngokuthatha unyango lwegazi rhoqo, ukuqhuba rhoqo umzimba, ukunciphisa ityuwa kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya.