Umbuzo: Ziziphi iindawo ezahlukileyo phakathi kweKhaya loMhlengikazi kunye neSibonelelo sokuHlala esiNcedo?
Abantu abaninzi baya kumangaliswa ngendlela ezi zimbini iintlobo zenzeke ngokufanayo kunokuba zihluke kwixesha elidlulileyo le-15, kunye neendawo zokuhlala ezincedisayo ezamkela izakhamuzi ezineengxaki ezingokwenyama, ezengqondo kunye neengqondo kunokuba ziye zadlulileyo.
Abantu abayi-1.4 yezigidi base-US bahlala kwii-nursing eziyi-15 700, ngelixa kukho ii-36,000 zokuncedisa ilayisenisi ezikhutshwe ilayisenisi e-US, eneebhedi ezingaphezu kwesigidi.
Amakhaya anesihlengikazi afanelekileyo ngokufanelekileyo kubantu abafuna ukukhathalela ngokwabo kunye nokunyamekela: ukulala, ukulala okanye amanxeba angaphilisi, kunye neengxaki ezininzi zezokwelapha ezifana nesifo sikashukela , isifo senhliziyo kunye nokuhluleka kwentliziyo . Amakhaya anesihlengikazi anokufanelekile kubantu abadinga ukunakekelwa kweeyure ezingama-24 kunye nokulawulwa kwe- dementia . Abaphela kwikota labahlali basekhaya labahlengikazi bangahamba ngaphandle kokuncediswa, kwaye phantse amabini kwisithathu bafumana unyango lweengqondo.
Izibonelelo zokuhlala ezixhasayo zifaneleke kakhulu kubantu abanamazinga aphezulu okusebenza kunye nokuzimela abangakwazi ukuzuza kwimisebenzi yoluntu, ukuqhuba umsebenzi kunye neenkqubo zokuphila. Ifilosofi ephambili yokuphila okuncedisayo kunika abahlali abanamazinga ahlukeneyo okuzikhethela kunye nokuzimela kwindawo efana nekhaya.
Iindleko kunye noMthombo weNtlawulo
Njengeenkonzo zokuhlala ngononophelo lweeyure ezingama-24, amakhaya angamahlengikazi ahlala yindlela ekhethileyo yokunakekelwa kweziko elide, kunye neentlawulo eziza kufikelela kwaye ezinye zidlula i-$ 100,000 / ngonyaka. Uninzi lwaloo ndleko lujongwa yiProgram yeMedicaid, egalelo kwiingxaki zemali kwiindawo ezininzi.
Ngokwahlukileyo, uninzi lwabancedisi abahlali bahlawula kwiimali zabo, nangona ama-41 anikezela ngeenkqubo zokukhishwa kwemvume ezivumela abahlali abanomvuzo ophantsi ukuba baphile kwindawo yokuncedisa.
Imiqathango kunye nemiba yabasebenzi
Amakhaya anesihlengikazi ngokuqhelekileyo alawulwa ngu rhu lumente, ngelixa iindawo zokuhlala ezincedisayo zilawulwa yilizwe. Ngomqondiso owanceda izibonelelo zokuhlala ziyakhathalela abahlali abayinkimbinkimbi, ubuncinane ubuncwane bama-50 abuye ahlaziywa imimiselo yabo yokuphila yokuncedisa ukususela ngo-2008. Ingxelo yokusebenza kwabasebenzi yonyaka ihlala iphakamileyo kwizicwangciso zombini, kwaye ngelixa umongikazi kufuneka abe kwisiza ezingama-24 iiyure ngosuku ngemini yononophala, ekuncedeni ubomi okungekho nto. I-Tennessee, umzekelo, ifuna kuphela ukuba umongikazi abe khona njengoko kuyimfuneko.
Ulawulo lweMithi
Nangona kwikhaya lokunyamekela, kuthathwa ngokungenakunceda ukuba oongikazi baphathe imishanguzo, kwiindawo zokuhlala ezincedisayo izinto zibuhlungu. Kweminye ithi imithetho ayiqondakali malunga nabasebenzi abangabancedisa ngamachiza, kwaye phantse ihafu yesizwe imvume abahlengikazi ababhalisiweyo ukuba banikeze ukulawulwa kwamachiza omlomo kwiirhasi. Abahlali abanesifo sikashukela abafuna i-insulin okanye iimeko ezibuhlungu ezifuna ukuba izidakamizwa zingenako ukufumana la mayeza avela kubasebenzi abancedisayo.
Dementia
Amakhaya omongikazi kunye nokuncedisa izibonelelo zokuhlala zizinqanaba eziphezulu zesifo se-Alzheimer kunye nezinye iintlobo zesifo sengqondo somzimba : zombini izicwangciso ziphezulu ngaphezulu kweyesithathu kubahlali abanesifo sengqondo sokugula komzimba okanye amanqanaba amaninzi okukhubazeka kwengqondo. Amaphesenti angamashumi ama-60 abantu abahlala ekhaya abahlengikazi abanomdla wokuphefumula komzimba basemgangathweni, kwaye kuthelekiswa nepesenti ezingamashumi amane ekuncedeni ubomi. Ngenxa yemilinganiselo ephakamileyo yengqondo yokuphila, amaninzi amaninzi ngoku sele akhulise imilinganiselo yokunyamekela abahlali abahlala benomdla wokugula ngengqondo.
Amanye amaziko anezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi "unit loss loss" okanye "inkqubo yokukhubazeka kwengqondo." Olu hlobo lwenkathalo luyilungiselelwe abo basesiteji esiphakathi kwengqondo apho baya kuzuza kwizinto ezijolise kumgangatho wokuqonda.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi nkqubo zineminyango yazo kwaye ziphuma zikhuselekile kuba abanye abantu abaneengqondo zizulazula kwaye basemngciphekweni wokubamba.
Imithombo:
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. Ngo-Apreli 29, 2015. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/nursing-home-care.htm
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. 2012. Abemi abahlala kwiiNkonzo zokuNcedisa indawo yokuhlala: eMelika, 2010. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db91.htm
-Kuhleliwe ngu-Esther Heerema, MSW