Yiyiphi iNkohlwayo Ukuba Unayo Intshuwalense yeMpilo?
Uya kufuneka uhlawule irhafu yentlawulo yokungena- inshorensi yempilo ? Ingakanani isigwebo se-inshurensi yezempilo? Ziziphi iindleko ezingaphantsi: ukuhlawula irhafu yerhafu okanye ukuthenga i-inshurensi yezempilo?
Enye yeengxabano ezingaphezulu kweMpilo yoNonophelo ongenakuncedo ngumyalelo ngamnye ofuna amaMerika ukuba abe ne-inshorensi yempilo. Nangona inani elincinci lamaMerika likhululekile kwimfuno yokuba ne-inshorensi yezempilo, sonke sibhekane nesohlwayo, intlawulo ekwabelwana ngayo , ukuba asiqinisekanga.
Ixesha elizayo le-ACA-kubandakanywa isohlwayo esinobelwe-lwahlukileyo-aluqinisekanga, kodwa iinzame eziphindaphindiweyo zomthetho wamaRiphabliki kulo lonke u-2017 ukuphelisa i-ACA ayiphumelelanga. Ekupheleni konyaka we-2017, i-ACA, ngokubanzi, ihlala ihleli.
Umongameli wokuqala we-Trump olawulayo wathi ama-arhente e-federal abe njengetyala njengokuba kunokwenzeka xa ugxininisa iirhafu ze-ACA kunye nezohlwayo. Ngenxa yoko, i-IRS yabhengezwa ngoFebhuwari 2017 ukuba abayi kukhanyela iindleko ze-2016 ezingazange ziphendule umbuzo malunga ne-inshurensi yezempilo (umgca 61 weFomu 1040). Babigcine ilungelo lokulandela kunye neefayile ezingaphenduliyo umbuzo, kodwa imbuyekezo ayigcinwanga ngokucacileyo (phawula ukuba akukho mthethweni ukuthetha amanga kwi-IRS nakweyiphi na imeko; awukwazi ukuchaza ukuba unayo ingxelo xa ungenayo 't).
Nangona kunjalo, ukuqala ngethuba lokufakela irhafu lonyaka we-2018 (i-returns ye-2017), i-IRS ayiyi kusayi kubukela imbuyekezo yentela engaphenduli umbuzo malunga nokukhutshwa kwe-inshorensi yempilo.
Zonke iifayile ziya kufuneka zibonise ukuba ngaba zingenayo igalelo, okanye zigcine engqondweni, njengoko zihlala zihlala njalo, ukuba akukho mthethweni ukulala kwi-IRS.
Nantsi into oyifunayo ukuba uyazi malunga nendlela isohlwayo esisebenza ngayo kunye nokuba lukhulu kangakanani:
Iphondo ngalinye lijongene neNtsholongwane ye-inshurensi yempilo ekuncedeni abantu bathole i-inshurensi, kwaye inkxaso-mali ye-premium iyafumaneka ukunceda abantu abaninzi bahlawula i-inshorensi yezempilo (ukufaneleka kwemali-mali ifikelela kuma-400 ekhulwini lobuhlwempu, okuyi-$ 48,240 enye umntu ngo-2018, kwaye $ 98,400 kwiintsapho ezine).
Kodwa, ukuba ujwayele ukuhamba ngaphandle kwe-inshurensi yezempilo kwaye ungafanelanga ukufumana inkxaso-mali, kufuneka udibanise indleko yomshuwalense wezempilo kwibhajethi yakho okanye uhlawule isigwebo somntu ngamnye.
Ukuba ucinga ngokuhamba ngaphandle kwe-inshurensi yezempilo ngethemba lokugcina imali , indleko yesigwebo iya kuyidla imali yakho. Ukwazi ixabiso lesohlwayo kunokukunceda uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
Ukuba uzama ukubala isohlwayo kwintsapho kunomntu, funda indlela apha .
Ukubala iSohlwayo Somshuwalense Wezempilo
Okokuqala, jonga kwiNkundla yeMatyala Yomntu ngamnye ngezantsi. Emva kokukhangela itafile, funda ukufunda ukuze uyisebenzise ngendlela eyiyo, ngoko awuhlawuli kakhulu.
| Ngonyaka ka-2014 | Unyaka ka-2015 | Unyaka 2016 | Emva kowe-2016 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isaphulelo esisekelwe kwiNzuzo | 1% yengeniso ngenhla yokufakela umda | 2% yengeniso ngenhla yokufakela umda | 2.5% yengeniso ngenhla yokufakela umda | 2.5% yengeniso ngenhla yokufakela umda |
| Isixa esincinci sesohlwayo | $ 95 ngomntu omdala & $ 47.50 ngomntwana, ukuya kuma-285 kwintsapho | $ 325 ngomntu omdala & $ 162.50 ngomntwana, ukuya kuma-975 kwintsapho |
| Kuyafana no-2016 + utshintsho lokunyuka kwamaxabiso (ulungiso lwama-$ 0 ngo-2017 no-2018) |
Isihlomelo oza kuhlawulela sisinani elincinci elingaphantsi okanye iphesenti yengeniso yakho yonke.
Ukusebenzisa itafile, balala isohlwayo njengepesenti yengeniso yakho yokuqala. Emva koko, thelekisa loo ncinane kwisigwebo se-inshorensi yempilo yaloo nyaka. Isigwebo sakho somntu ngamnye siya kuba sikhulu sezo zibini.
Isofthiwe yerhafu iya kubala isohlwayo kuwe, kodwa ukuba unomdla malunga nendlela esebenza ngayo, okanye ufuna ukuqiniseka ukuba ichanekile, nantsi izicebiso ezithile:
- Musa ukuhlawula urhulumente kakhulu. Uhlawule kuphela isohlwayo se-inshorensi yempilo kwingxenye yengeniso yakho engaphezu kwesibalo sokufakela. Ukukhupha umyinge wokufakela kwingeniso yakho ngaphambi kokuba ubale isihlwayo. (Uya kubona imizekelo yezantsi apha.)
- Umyinge wokufakela ngumyinge wenzuzo efuna ukuba ufake ifayile yentlawulo. Abantu abaneemali ngaphantsi komyinge wokungena kufuneka bangenise ukubuyiswa kweerhafu; abo baneemali ngaphaya komda kufuneka bafake.
- Umyinge wokufakela u-2017 uyi-10,400 yeerhafu kwiifayile ezingatshatanga kunye ne-20,800 zamaqabane ezitshatileyo ezifakela ngokubambisana. Unokufumana imimiselo yokufakela eminye iminyaka kunye nezinye izikhundla zokufakela kwipapasho 501 kwiifom ze-IRS kunye nephepha leempapasho.
Imiba enokunciphisa isigwebo sakho
- Ayikwazanga ukufumana i-inshurensi yempilo engabizi? Ukuba awukwazi ukufumana i-inshorensi yempilo ebiza ixabiso elingaphantsi kwe- 8.05 yepesenti yengeniso yakho ngo-2018 , unakho ukukhululwa kwihlwayo. (Oko kwaqala ngo-8 ekhulwini ngo-2014. Kwenyuka kancinci ngonyaka ngamnye ngo-2017, kuba indleko yomshuwalense wezempilo iye yanda ngokukhawuleza kunokuba i-income incomes iye yanda, kodwa yancipha kancane ukusuka ngo-2017 ukuya ku-2018.)
- Ngaba unayo inshuwalense yezempilo kwinxalenye yonyaka?
Ukuhlawula kuphela isohlwayo kwiinyanga ozihamba ngaphandle kwinshuwalense yezempilo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba uhamba ngaphandle kwe-inshorensi yezempilo kwiinyanga ezisixhenxe zonyaka, uza kuhlawula kuphela iibhozo ezisixhenxe ze-inshorensi yempilo yonyaka. - Ngaba unesihlwayo esikhulu?
Ixabiso lesohlwayo sithathwa kwixabiso eliqhelekileyo likazwelonke lwecebo le-inshurensi yezempilo yobheyili kuloo nyaka. Le mali iguquka minyaka yonke, ngoko i-IRS idlulisela inani elitsha leminyaka eliqhelekileyo leminyaka phambi kokuba abantu baqale ukulungiselela ukubuyiswa kweerhafu. Ngeentlawulo zakho ze-2017 (ezifakwe ekuqaleni kwe-2018), isixa singama-$ 272 ngenyanga okanye i-$ 3,264 ngonyaka ngomntu omnye (kwintsapho yabahlanu okanye ngaphezulu, ubuninzi be $ 16,320)
Umzekelo A
UStan ungumntu oneminyaka engama-24 ubudala ongenisa irhafu owenza i-$ 45,000 ngo-2017 kwaye akazange aqinisekiswe unyaka wonke. Nangona umqeshi wakhe enikezela i-inshurensi yempilo ebiza i-$ 280 ngenyanga, uStan wazizwa engenakukwazi ukufumana i-$ 280 ngenyanga nganye, ngoko ke wakhetha ukuhamba ngaphandle kwe-inshurensi. Siza kusebenzisa imali engama-10,400 e-2017 yokufakela umyinge, kunye neendleko eziqhelekileyo zesizwe se-2017 zesicwangciso sezempilo se-bronze esingama-3,264 ngonyaka. Nazi izibalo zikaStan:
Inyathelo 1
I $ 45,000 - $ 10,400 = $ 34,600
Isambulelo sikaStan - umgca wokufakela iifayile ezingatshatanga = inxalenye yengeniso kaStan esetyenzisiweyo ukubala isohlwayo.
Isinyathelo 2
$ 34,600 X 0.025 = $ 865
Isabelo seholo likaStan esetyenzisiweyo ukubala injelo X ipesenti ye-penalty ngo-2017 eyi 2.5% okanye i-0.025 = i-penalty-percent-income-penalty.
Isinyathelo 3
Hlola itafile. Thelekisa isohlwayo esisisigxina se-2016 kunye neentlawulo-ntlawulo-ntlawulo oye wazibala, kwaye isigwebo somntu ngamnye sikaStan siya kuba sikhulu kunazo zombini.
Ekubeni i-$ 865 iphakamileyo kunesibhozo se-inshorensi yempilo ye-$ 695 ngo-2017, uStan uya kufuneka ahlawule isohlwayo se-$ 865 xa efa ifayile yakhe ngasekuqaleni kuka-2018.
Isohlwayo sikaStan yayingaphantsi kweendleko eziqhelekileyo kazwelonke zesicwangciso se-inshurensi yempilo ye-bronze-tier, i-$ 3,264, ukwenzela ukuba inqwelwe yesihlwayo ayichaphazeli isihlwayo sesihlomelo sikaStan. Umqeshi kaStan unika i-inshurensi yempilo eya kuba neendleko zeStan ngaphantsi kwe-9.69% yengeniso yakhe, oko kuthetha ukuba umqeshi uhambelana nommiselo we-ACA yomqeshi, kuba ukufunyanwa kuya kuba neendleko kuStan ngaphantsi kwama-9.69 epesenti yengeniso yakhe (eli phesenti uhlengahlengiswe rhoqo ngonyaka; uye wanda ngokuthe ngcembe ukususela ngo-2014, kodwa unyancipha kwakhona ngo-2018).
- Iphulo: Ukuba awukwazi ukukhumbula indlela yokusebenza ngokubala kweepesenti, nantsi i-percentage calculator.
Umzekelo B
UMariya ungomnye oneminyaka engama-45 ubudala ongenakuqinisekiswa ngeenyanga ezisibhozo ngo-2017. Ngomnye u-2017, wayenomshuwalense wezempilo. Wathola i $ 75,000. Nazi izibalo:
Inyathelo 1
$ 75,000 - $ 10,400 = $ 64,600
Imali engenayo kaMariya ngo-2017 - ukufaka umyinge wefayile enye = inxalenye yengeniso kaMariya esetyenzisiweyo ukubala isihlwayo.
Isinyathelo 2
$ 64,600 X 0.025 = $ 1,615
Isabelo semali engenayo kaMariya esetyenzisiweyo ukubala isihlomelo X isahlulo se-penalty sika-2017 esiyi-2.5% okanye i-0.025 = isigwebo se-Mary-pen-penalty.
Isinyathelo 3
Hlola itafile uze ukhethe ezinkulu kwizohlwayo ezimbini. Isihlwayo esincinci se-2017 yi-$ 695. Ekubeni kungaphantsi kwesigwebo sikaMary sika-1,615 yepesenti, uMary uya kuhlolwa i-penalty, incentage-income-penalty.
Isinyathelo 4
(8/12) X $ 1,615 = $ 1,076.67
UMariya ufanele ahlawule iibhozo ezisibhozo zesigwebo (i-$ 1,076.67) ekubeni wayengaxhaswanga kuphela kwiinyanga ezisibhozo.
Isinyathelo 5
Qinisekisa ukuba uMariya akayi kuhlawula kakhulu. Isohlwayo sithathwa kwixabiso eliqhelekileyo lesizwe lesicwangciso sezempilo sobhedu. Isiqingatha sesizwe sika-2017 kwisicwangciso sobhedu sasiyi-$ 272 ngenyanga:
Iingama-272 ze-X X iinyanga = $ 2,176.
Isohlwayo sikaMariya sibanjwe kwixabiso eliqhelekileyo likazwelonke leenyanga ezisibhozo ze-inshurensi yezempilo. Ukususela kwintlawulo ye-Mary-percent-income-penalty yeenyanga ezi-8, i-$ 1,076.67 iyingaphantsi kweenyanga ezili-8 ze-$ 2,176, i-cap ayiyi kunciphisa inani layo.
UMariya uya kufuneka ahlawule isigwebo somntu ngamnye we-$ 1076.67 xa efaka irhafu yakhe entwasahlobo ka-2018.
Ukuba uMary okanye uStan wayebalwe ixabiso lentlawulo ephakamileyo kuneendleko eziqhelekileyo zesizwe socwangciso lwezempilo lobhedu, isihlwayo sabo sasiya kuhlawulwa kwiindleko eziqhelekileyo zesizwe socwangciso lwezempilo lwebheyili.
Ukuba uhlawula isohlwayo ngenxa yokuba awuzange unceded ngonyaka odlulileyo, mhlawumbi uhlawule i-pocket yeendleko zakho zonyango. Kwezinye iimeko, iindleko zonyango ohlawulwayo zingasetyenziselwa ukutsalwa kweerhafu kwiirhafu zakho zerhafu, kodwa imali yakho yonyango kufuneka idlule ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezili-10 zomvuzo wakho ngaphambi kokunciphisa.
Imithombo:
I-US Code 2011, Isihloko 26, umxholo weD, Isahluko 48, sec5000A.
I-IRS: Imibuzo kunye nezimpendulo kwiNkxaso-mboleko yoBuntu ngabanye.
I-IRS: Uxanduva loMntu ngamnye oXanduva-Ukubika kunye nokubala Intlawulo.
IRS: Inkqubo yeNgeniso 2016-24 kunye neNgeniso yeNgeniso 2016-43 kunye neNgeniso yeNgeniso 2017-36 , kunye neNgeniso yeNgeniso 2017-48
Ingxelo yeeNkonzo zoPhando lweCongressal: IsiGunyaziso somntu ngamnye kunye neemfuno eziNxulumene nolwazi phantsi kwe-PPACA