Iintlobo zenzeke. Njengoko sikhulile, ithoni yeemisipha ebusweni bethu iyanda. Oku kunyuka kwithoni kunye nokuhla kwe-collagen metabolism kubangela imibimbi. Ukuguquka kwenziwa kakubi ngokutshaya nokukhanya kwelanga.
Abantu abaninzi abanakuvuvukala imibimbi baze bazame ukususa umsebenzi woMama weNdalo ngokulandela iinjongo ezifana ne-Botox injection kunye nejoyi ye-dermal filler.
Ukungena kweBotox (i-botulinum toxin) ngokusemthethweni kusebenza ukuphazamisa imisipha yomzimba kunye nokunciphisa itoni ye-muscle ibe yenzeke ngokukhawuleza kweminye imibimbi. Kodwa i-Injection neBotox, nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo isinyathelo sokuqala sokuvuselela ubuso, kunye nemibimbi ejulile nayo kufuneka izaliswe ngokuzaliswa kwesidumbu. Inqaku, izalathisi zetermas isetyenziselwa ukunikela imilomo, impumlo, umhlathi kunye nezinye iindawo zobuso ubuso obubukhali.
Ijoyi efanelekileyo yeBotox kunye ne-dermal filler idinga ubuchule obuninzi kunye nokusebenza kwaye kukhethwa ukuba yenziwe ngugqirha ogqirha njengedermatologist okanye ugqirha we-plastiki. Kunjengeentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-toxin ye-botulin, izalathisi zezidaka nazo ziza kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Ukongezwa koko, nangona inqabileyo, ukuzaliswa kwezilwanyana ezinomhlaza kungabangela iziphumo ezimbi. Ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe ukuba ube nomgca wesidumbu esibekiwe, nantoni na izinto omele wazi.
Iintlobo
Azikho zonke izalathisi ezenziwe zilinganayo.
Izalathisi ezahlukeneyo zisebenzisiwe ezahlukeneyo kwaye zisetyenziswe ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zobunzima.
Nazi ezinye izalathisi eziqhelekileyo zezidumbu:
- I-Hyaluronic acid derivatives efana neJuvederm ne-Restalyne yi-glycosaminoglycan biopolymers kwaye ifana kakhulu nezinto ezitholakala kwi- dermis okanye ngaphantsi kwesikhumba. I-Hyaluronic acid derivatives isetyenziselwa ukuzalisa imibimbi emihle kunye nokunyuka komlomo okanye umlomo. Isiphumo sale fom ngokuqhelekileyo sihlala phakathi kweenyanga ezine nesithandathu. Ukongezelela ekubangeni kwimiphumo embalwa kakhulu emibi, i-hyaluronic acid derivatives ziyancomeka ngenxa yokuba i-injection excessively ingaguquleka nge-enzyme hyaluronidase.
- I-calcium hydroxylapatite (i-Radiance FN) yinto ephathekayo yetshe engasetyenziselwa kwilebula yokunyusa izicubu ezincinci ebusweni kubandakanya iifolthi ze-nasolabial (i-AKA imizila yomsindo okanye imigca yokuhleka). Ukuba injected ngaphezu, i-calcium hydroxylapatite ingabangela izibane okanye iigununu; ngenxa yoko, ezi zizalisi kufuneka zijojowe ngaphaya (kwisigxina) ebusweni.
- Amafutha e-Autologous athatyathwa emzimbeni womntu aze agonywe ebusweni bakhe. Ioli e-Autologous isetyenziselwa ukubuya ubuso kunye nokunika ivolumu engaphezulu. Nangona i-data engapheliyo ikhona malunga nokuba i-injection engakanani kunye neoli e-autologous iphela, abanye bacinga ukuba unyango olu lugqibeleleyo lunokuhlala ixesha lokuphila.
- I-collagen eyenziwa ngumntu (Cosmoderm neCosmoplast) isetyenziselwa ukuzalisa imibimbi yobuso kunye nemilebe. Ngenxa yokuba olu hlobo lwe-collagen lusebuntwini, ukusabalalisa kweempembelelo (i-hypersensitivity) iyancipha.
- I-collagen ye-Bovine (ibhokhwe ithetha inkomo) isetyenziselwa ukunyusa izindebe kunye neentlobo ze-nasolabial. Imizekelo ye-collagen ye-bovine yiZyderm neZyplast. Phantse iipesenti ezi-3 zezigulane zixhamla kwi-cowgen ye-bovine; Ngako oko, ukuvavanywa kwesikhumba phambi kokuba isicelo siyinqaku elihle. Imiphumo ye-bovine collagen iphela malunga neenyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezine.
Iziphumo ezimbi
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iziphumo ezimbi ezibangelwa kwisilwanyana sokuzalisa i-dermal ziphilileyo kwaye zifutshane.
Nangona kunjalo, ukwenzela ukunciphisa ukuvela kwemiphumo emibi kakhulu, kuyimfuneko ukuba ugqirha unokuqonda okujulileyo kwimizimba yomzimba, iziza zokungenwa, iipropati zezithuba ezahlukeneyo kunye nokunyangwa kweziphumo ezimbi.
Nazi ezinye iziphumo ezimbi ezinokuthi zenzeke emva kwejoyiki kunye nesalathisi se-dermal:
- Ukuphendulwa kwe-allergenic (hypersensitivity) inokuvela emva kwejoza kunye nezigcawu ezidakalayo ngenxa yokuba izalathisi zezidaka zizinto zangaphandle. Ukuphendula okuvakalayo kubonakala njengokubomvu, ukuvuvukala (i-edema), intlungu kunye nobubele. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuphendulwa kwemizimba kuthatha ixesha ukubonisa kwaye ekugqibeleni kubekho njengeengqungquthela ezibuhlungu okanye izibonda. Ngezinye izihlandlo, izalathisi zesidumbu zibangele imiphumo ebuhlungu emzimbeni wonke (i-systemic) njenge-anaphylactic shock (cinga ngengozi yegazi ephantsi, ukuvuvukala okukhulu, ukulahleka kwengqondo, kunye nokufa). Ukunyameka kweempembelelo zokuguqulwa kwamanzi kuyaphathwa ngamachiza amaninzi angaphaya kwamanzi (cinga ibuprofen okanye i-acetaminophen), i-antihistamines, kunye ne-compress cold. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-Anaphylactic kuphathwa kwimeko ye-ICU kunye namanyathelo okuhlaziya kunye namachiza afana neengcindezelo eziphakamisa uxinzelelo lwegazi.
- Naliphi na ixesha ixesha lephuko liphukile, izifo ezinjengama-bacteria zingenza indlela yazo emzimbeni kwaye zibangele ukusuleleka. Iziphumo zentsholongwane kubomvu, ukuvuvukala, intlungu kunye nokunye. Uninzi lwamaxesha amaninzi ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane kwinqwelo yokuzalisa izidumbu kunokunyangwa ngamayeza. Izifo ezikhuselekileyo ezibangelwa ama-abscess zingadinga ukucinywa kwamanzi.
- Ama-neodules kunye ne-granulomas zi-lumps kunye ne-bumps ezibangelwa usulelo, ukuphazamiseka komzimba, ukuphendula kwamagciwane okanye ukuzaliswa okungaphezulu. Unyango lweendununu lukhohlakele kwaye luxhomekeke kwisizathu. Ukunonyango okunokwenzeka kubandakanya ukusikwa, ukuxubha, i-hyaluronidase, i-antibiotics, i-steroids, i-laser kunye ne-chemotherapeutic agents ezifana ne-5-fluorouracil kunye ne-allopurinol.
- Xa i-filler ijojowe ngengozi kwisitya segazi, i-occlusion occlusion or blockage ingenzeka. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-Vascular nge-dermal filler kubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu kunye noshintsho kumbala wesikhumba. Ukunyuka kwama-Vascular kukwenkqisayo xa kubandakanya ukungenwa kwe-dermal filler kwi-artery xa kuqhathaniswa nejoyi ye-dermal filler. Ukubanjwa kwe-Arteriial results in degradation, i-skin necrosis (ukufa) kunye ne-ischemia okanye ukunciphisa umjikelezo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa i-dermal filler ifakwe kwiiyeriyeri ejikeleze iliso, i-clot (embolus) ingaphoswa yinto eyenziwa ngumthambo we-retinal obangela ukungaboni. Ubume bombutho kunye nokuzaliswa kwezidanga ngxakeko lwezonyango oludinga ukufunyanwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nonyango. Unyango lwe-vascular occlusion luyahlukahluka ngokubhekiselele kuhlobo lokuzalisa isetyenzisiweyo, indawo yokujola kunye nokusuleleka kwintsholongwane; ezi zonyango zingabandakanya ukuxilwa, i-anticoagulants, i-injection ye-saline, injola ye-hyaluronidase kunye ne-thrombolysis.
Isiphelo
Nangona ijoyilo lokugcwalisa i-dermal ebusweni lingabonakala lilula, akunjalo. Ngaphandle koqeqesho olufanelekileyo, ugqirha unokwenza umonakalo omkhulu usebenzisa isirinji elayishiwe ngezaliti. Ngenxa yokuba unyango olunomdaka oludityanisiweyo luyinto engafanelekiyo, mhlawumbi kungcono ukuba ne-dermatologist okanye ugqirha weplastiki enze inkqubo nangona abanye ababoneleli bezempilo (abaqeqeshi bezempilo, oogqirha bamayeza empilo kunye nabahlengikazi) banikezela le nkonzo ngexabiso eliphantsi.
> Imithombo:
> De Boulle, K. noHe, I. "Izinto eziPheleleyo zithintela iingxaki zeDermal Filler: Ukuthintela, ukuVavanya kunye noTyango." I-Clinical, Cosmetic, kunye neDermatology yoPhando. 2015.
> Funt, D. kunye nePavicic, T. "Izigcawu zeDermal kwi-Aesthetics: Ingqwalasela yeziganeko ezimbi kunye neendlela zokwelapha." Ubunjineli bokuPhepha ePlastiki 2015.
> Shah AR, Ohlakaniphile JB, uConstantinides M. "AmaFillers Facial & Implants." UKUHLAWULWA KWEZINDAWO Nonyango ku > I- Otolaryngology-Inhloko > & Ukunyuka kwe-neck, 3e . Lalwani AK. eds. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012.