Unyango luxhomekeke kuwo amathambo e-ankle aphukile
I-Ankle fractures ixhaphake ngokuqhelekileyo emathanjeni ezungeze iqhagamshelo lesangqa. Kukho ezininzi iintlobo zee-ankle fractures, kwaye unyango luyahluka kakhulu kuxhomekeke kwindawo kunye nobukhulu bokulimala. Ukuqonda oko ukwenza malunga ne-ankle ephukile kufuna ulwazi malunga nokuba le nzakalo ivela njani.
Iimpawu ze-Ankle Joint
I-ankle yinto edibeneyo eyenza ukuba amathambo amathathu ahlangane.
Amathambo omlenze ongezantsi, i-tibia, kunye ne-fibula zingaphezulu kwe-joint, kwaye i-talus ingaphantsi kwe-joint. Xa ugqirha uthetha nge-fracture fracture, ngokuqhelekileyo uthetha ngethambo ephukile ye-tibia okanye i-fibula.
I-tibia, ebizwa ngokuba yi-shin bone, isona esikhulu, isithwele esithwala isisindo somlenze ophantsi. Ubunzima obuthatyathwe emlenzeni, malunga neepesenti ezingama-90 zithathwa yi-tibia. I-fibula yithambo elincinci ngaphandle komlenze. Iphela ithwala malunga neepesenti ezili-10 zomzimba wakho.
Bobabini i-tibia kunye ne- fibula bagubungela i-talus ukuze badibanise i- ankle . I-bony ezidumileyo kwi-ankle zibizwa ngokuba yi-malleolus ephakathi (ekupheleni kwe-tibia) kunye ne-malleolus yangaphambili (ekupheleni kwe-fibula). Iiphelo zala mathambo zenza i-cup shape-bone i-talus bone ngaphakathi.
I-Stable ne-Uncable Ankle Fractures
Into ebaluleke kakhulu yonyango lokuphulwa kwe-ankle ukuqonda indlela i-talus ehamba ngayo malunga neziphelo ze-tibia kunye ne-fibula.
Ukuhlukana kwe-ankle kuzinzile (ukuhamba kweetalus akutshintshi) okanye kungaqiniseki (i talus ayifaki ngendlela eqhelekileyo). Oku kuthetha ukuba umdibaniso awubanjelwe kwindawo ehambelana. Xa i-fracture fracture ingaqiniseki, kufuneka unyango olungakumbi.
Iintlobo zeeAnkle eziphukileyo
Xa i-ankle ephukile iyenzeka, inzakalo ingase ibe sekupheleni kwe-tibia (i-malleolus ephakathi) okanye kwi-fibula (i-malleolus yangasese), okanye zombini.
Ukuqwalasela indlela yokuqhubeka unyango kuxhomekeke apho kwenzeka khona ukulimala. Kukho ezininzi iintlobo zeengqumbo zentsimbi, nantsi zizona ziqhelekileyo:
- I-Lateral Malleolus Fractures (i-fibula kuphela): Iifractures of fibula yedwa yinto eqhelekileyo yeqhekeza. Uninzi lwezifucu zengqumbo zingaphathwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukudibanisa kwe-ankle kuhlala kuzinzile. Oku kuthetha ukuba nangona kukho ukuphuka kwithambo, iqhagamshelo le-ankle lisasebenza ngokuqhelekileyo. Ukuba umxhasi we-ankle awuzinzile okanye i-ligaments ezilimele, ngoko utyando luyakunconywa. Enye inkcazelo yokukhangela ukujonga ukuba i-fracture fracture ingafuna ukuhlinzwa kukuba umgama weqhekeza ukuya ekupheleni kwethambo. I-Fbula fractures ngaphakathi kweesentimitha ezingama-4 ekupheleni kwethambo ngokubanzi ikhuselekile ukunyanga ngokungenasiphelo, ngokungakhathaliseki ukuba kungekho nzakalo engxenyeni yangaphakathi ye-bhokisi (jonga ngezantsi).
- I-Malleolus Fractures ephakathi (i-tibia kuphela): Olu qhekeza lomgca lwangaphakathi lwesikhumba luvela kwithambo ekupheleni kwe-tibia; ukuba inxalenye yethambo ibizwa ngokuba yi-malleolus. Ukuphulwa kwe-malleolus ephakathi kwamaninzi akuqhelekanga kunokuba i-malleolus ehlukumezayo yodwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukufuduka kwendawo (ngaphandle kwesimo) ukuphulwa kwe-malleolus ephakathi kuphathwa ngokuhlinzwa.
- I-Bimalleolar I-Ankle Fractures (zombini i-tibia kunye ne-fibula): I- Bimalleolar i-braclelar fractures iyenzeka xa kukho ukulimala kumbini wangaphakathi nangaphandle kwesikhumba. Ezi nzakalo zisoloko zikhokelela ekuhlanganyeleni, kunye nasezigulini ezininzi ezichanekileyo, kuya kuqulunqwa utyando. Ukuba i-fracture iphilisa nantoni na ngaphantsi kwesimo esipheleleyo, ukulungelelaniswa kweengxowa zesikhumba kuya kuthinteka kwaye kunokukhokelela kwisifo se-arthritis esheshayo . Nangona unyango olukhuselweyo, i-cartilage ye-ankle ingonakaliswa ngexesha lokuqhekeka okukhokelela ekubeni ithuba eliphezulu le-arthritis, kodwa kufuneka ujonge ukwenza okusemandleni akho ukulungisa ezi fracture ngokufanelekileyo ukugcina ithuba leengxaki zesikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.
- I-Bimalleolar Equivalent Fracture (i-fibula kunye ne-ligaments) : Oku kwenzakalo kuphela ukuphulwa kwefayili, kodwa kukho iinyembezi zegigaments kwicala elingaphakathi langaphakathi. Oku kubangela ukungazinzi kwe-joint joint, njengokuba uhlangothi lwangaphakathi luye lwaphuka, kwaye ngoko kufuneka utyando.
- I-Trimalleolar Fracture (zombini i-tibia kunye ne-fibula): I-trimalleolar ye-ankle fracture ifana ne-bimalleolar ye-ankle fracture, kodwa ithambo elisemva kwe-tibia liye laphuka. Ithefu emva kwe-tibia ibizwa ngokuba yi-post malleolus. Ngamanye amaxesha, xa iqhekeza elaneleyo lesithambo lichithwa, utyando kufuneka lijongane naloo qhekeko. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo, utyando aluhlukanga kunokuba i-bimalleolar isle fracture.
- I-posterior Malleolus Fracture (i-tibia kuphela): Oku kukulimala okungaqhelekanga kwedwa. Iifractures ze-malleolus zangasemva zifumaneka ngokubambisana ne-bimalleolar ye-ankle fractures-apho kwenzeka ukuba ukulimala kuthiwa yi-trimalleolar yangaphambili.
- I-Maisonneuve Fracture (tibia kunye ne-fibula) : I-Maisonneuve i-break-break is a common injuries, kodwa kufuneka iqwalaselwe njengokuba iyakwazi ukuphosakeka ngaphandle kokuvavanya. Kwi-Maisonneuve ukuphuka, ithambo lenzakaliswe kwicala langaphakathi le-ankle (i-malleolus ephakathi). Nangona i-malleolus yangasese ihambelanisiwe, kukho ukuphuka okuphakamileyo kakhulu kwi-bone fuse, ngokuqhelekileyo ejikeleze idolo. Umzimba wale ngozi uyadlula kwi-ligament enkulu edibanisa amathambo amabini omlenze, okubizwa ngokuba yi-syndesmosis. Ngenxa yomonakalo kulo mgca wesigxina, i-ankle ayizinzile kwaye utyando luvamekile.
Iimpawu zeAnkle ephukile
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokuqhekeza kwe-ankle ziquka:
- Ubuhlungu bokuthinta
- Ukuvuvukala
- Ukunyakaza
- Ukungakwazi ukuhamba emlenzeni
- Ukuguqulwa kwinqanaba le-ankle
Kukho imilinganiselo yeklinikhi esetyenziselwa ukwahlula amaqhekeza angamaqhekeza avela kwi-squares sprains . Ezi zikhokelo, ezibizwa ngokuba yiinkqubo ze-Ottawa zinceda ekufumaneni ukuba ii-ray-ray kufuneka zenziwe kubantu abaneentlungu zentloko .
Unyango lweAnkle ephukile
Emva kokuba i-fracture ye-ankle ifunyaniswe, kubalulekile ukuqala unyango olufanelekileyo . Kukho ezininzi unyango, zombini utyando kunye nonogonyamelo, kwaye unyango olulungileyo luxhomekeke ekufumaneni i-diagnostic. Udokotela wakho ogqirha unokukukhokela kwiinkcukacha ezithile.
> Umthombo:
> I-American Academy ye-Orthopedic Surgeons. I-Ankle Fractures (i-Broken Ankle). http://www.orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00391.