Ukufumanisa ingcamango ingaba nzima. Nangona naluphi na umlinganiselo wexinzelelo lwentloko unokubangela enye, iingcambu eziqhelekileyo-ezibangelwa ukulimala kwentloko-akubandakanyi ukuphaphaza okubonakalayo okanye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
Oku kuthetha ukuba ukusebenzisa isicatshulwa sobuchopho njengomfanekiso we-magnontic resonance (MRI) okanye i-tomography (CT), eyenziwa ukuxilonga ukulimala kwengqondo ebuhlungu (TBI), akuyona indlela efanelekileyo yokuxilonga ingcamango.
Ekubeni i-brain scans iyakwazi ukuchonga okanye ukuphaphaza engqondweni, kodwa ingekho umonakalo wamaselula ocingelwa ukuba kubangele iimpawu zokuxubusha, oogqirha kufuneka bathembele ekuhlolweni ngokunyameko kweempawu kunye nomsebenzi we-neuropsychological.
Ngamanye amaxesha oku kwenziwa kwesosiza, ngokukhawuleza emva kokulimala, xa umgijimi ehlaselwa okanye ekhanda entloko kwaye isigqibo kufuneka senziwe ngokukhawuleza malunga nokuba unokubuya ngokusemthethweni kumdlalo.
Uvavanyo lokuHlola
Iimpawu zesingxubusho zihluka kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha kuyacaca ukuba umntu unokufumana enye. Kodwa nje ngezinye iinkalo iimpawu zingacacanga kwaye zifihlakele. Umntu unokuthi "uzive" okanye ukuba "akayi" izinto. Kwimeko nayiphi na, ukufumana ukuxilongwa ngokucacileyo kwengqungquthela ngokuqhelekileyo kudinga ukujonga izinto ezininzi.
Ngenxa yokuba akukho vavanyo olulula lokufumanisa ingcamango, ngokuqhelekileyo amanyathelo athile abandakanyekayo. Umzekelo we-Weill Cornell Brain kunye neZibonelelo ze-Spine, umzekelo, uyinciphise phantsi:
- Uvavanyo lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-amnesia. Ezi zibandakanya i-retrograde i-amnesia, ebhekisela ekungabikho kwememori malunga nento eyenzeka nje ngaphambi kokulimala kwengqondo, ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo kunye ne-post-traumatic amnesia. I-amnesia emva kokudumala ibaluleke ngakumbi kuba iya kuxela ugqirha unolwazi oluninzi malunga nesigulane sokugulisa isiguli.
- Ukuzimisela ubunzima beempawu kunye nokuba zininzi kangakanani. Ngokuqhelekileyo le nxalenye yolu vavanyo lwe-site lomdlali owenzakele kwintsimi, esebenzisa isilinganiselo esifanelekileyo. Okuqhelekileyo kwezi zixhobo, iThuluzi lokuHlola lokuCubungula iSideline, okanye i-SCAT-2, ijonga iimpawu, ingqalelo, imemori; Iziganeko zakutshanje kumdlalo okanye kumcimbi; kwaye uhlolisise iingxaki ngokulinganisela kunye nokulungelelaniswa.
- Uviwo lweempawu zegazi. Oku kunokubandakanya iimvavanyo zamandla, ukuvakalelwa, iingcamango, ukulungelelanisa, kunye neminye imisebenzi ye-neurological.
Uvavanyo lokuPhambi kweNgqungquthela
Ngaphandle kokufumanisa ukuxubusha kwangaphambili ngexesha lokulimala, kubalulekile kubantu abaya kuthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi-ngakumbi abadlali-abadlali abafuna ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo yeqela elichaphazelayo njengobhola bebhola-ukuba bafumane ukuvavanya kwangaphambili . Enyanisweni, oku kuyimfuneko yezikolo eziphakamileyo, iikholeji kunye namaqela okuhamba ngokukhuphisana kakhulu.
Isizathu esona sibaleki sifuna ukuvavanywa kwangaphambi kokuxubusha kukuba abantu abasempilweni abenzi okufanayo kwiimvavanyo ezilinganisa izakhono ezifana nokukhawuleza, ukuchaneka, kunye nokunyakaza kwamehlo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukusebenza kwi-test-post-concussion "akulungile" okanye "kubi" ngokwalo, kodwa kufuneka kusekelwe ekubeni akukho okanye ukuhla kwehla xa kuthelekiswa nesiseko esasetyenziswe ngaphambi kokulimala kwentloko .
Ukuba umdlali wezemidlalo unempendulo ephantsi okanye ukuchaneka okuthe ngqo kwi-test-concussion test emva kokulimala kwentloko, ngoko amanqaku aphantsi angabonakalisa ingqungquthela. Ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kweengqondo kunye neempawu ezipheleleyo ezifana nokulala, intlungu, okanye ingxaki ekugxilwe kuyo, iziphumo zokuvavanywa kwe-post-concussion zingasetyenziselwa ukuncedisa ukuba ngaba umdlali uye wafumana ingxaki.
Ukuvavanya kwangaphambi kokuxubusha kubandakanya iisethi zeemvavanyo ze-neuropsychological eyenzelwe ukuvavanya nokubala umqhubi omncinane kwizakhono ezibandakanya iinkalo ezininzi zobomi bakhe. Iimvavanyo zokuqala zengxubusho ziquka imisebenzi ehlola ingxaki yokusombulula iingxaki, ixesha lokuphendula, isivinini, umbono kunye nokulungelelanisa.
Akukho nhlobo yegolide yokuphenyiswa kwangaphambili kwenkcazo efunwa ngumbutho wezonyango okanye wezemidlalo. Kukho iindlela ezahlukahlukeneyo zokuseka amanqaku angaphambi kokunciphisa, kubandakanywa nokuhlolwa kweklinikhi yomntu okanye i-questionnaire ebekwe ngaphambili. Kwakhona kukho inani leemvavanyo zetekethi eziza kusetyenziswa ukuseka amanqaku athile kumdlali ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ixesha.
Iimvavanyo zengaphambi kokuxubusha zingafunyanwa yikhompyutheni okanye ngunyango lwezonyango, kuxhomekeke kohlobo loviwo kunye nemithetho yeligi okanye isikolo. Iziphumo ezisezantsi zenziwe zigcinwe kwaye zigcinwe ukwenzela ukuba ukuba umdlali ahlupheke kwingqungquthela engathandabuzekiyo, unokuthatha ukuvavanya kwakhona ukuthelekisa.
Umzekelo wovavanyo lwekhompyutheni lwaphuhliswa ngabaphandi kwi-University of Pittsburgh yezoLimo zeMidlalo yezoLimo kwaye ubizwa ngokuba yi-Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment kunye neCognitive Testing system, okanye i-ImPACT. Olu vavanyo lusetyenziswa imemori yomdlali, ixesha lokuphendula, kunye nesantya sokuqhubela phambili ukwenzela ukukunceda xa umdlali ekwazi ukubuyela kwimidlalo emva kokulimala kwentloko. Iprogram ye-ImPACT njengamanje isetyenziswe kwizikolo ezininzi eziphakamileyo kunye neeikholeji, kunye ne-National Football League kunye neSizwe yeHockey League.
> Imithombo:
> IHolo E, uCottle J, Ketcham C, uPatel K, kunye noB Barnes KP. "Ingqiqo yokuCwangcisa okuSebenzayo: Izinto eziPreexisting, Izibonakaliso, kunye nokuSebenzisana kwe-Neurocognitive, J Athl Train . Jan 10, 2017. INGXELO: 10.4085 / 1062-6050-51.12.21
> Thomas, RE, Alves, J, Vaska, MM, kunye neMagalhaes, R. "SCAT2 kunye ne-SCAT3 Izikolo ezisezantsi kwaye emva koMnxeba we-Brain Injury / Ingqungquthela ehambelanayo neMidlalo: I-Synthative Synthesis eneendlela ezinzima ." BMJ Open Sport & Exer Med . 2016; 2 : e000095. INGXELO: 10.1136 / bmj-2015-000095.
> Weill Cornell Brain kunye neZibonelelo zeNtsana. "Ukuchonga nokuPhatha Ingxubusho." Novemba 2014.