I-APD ayikho kuphela abantwana
Xa kuxutyushwa ingxaki yokucwangcisa i-auditory, intetho idla ngokubhekiselele kubantwana abakhulileyo besikolo. Nangona kunjalo; abaninzi abantu abadala baye bafumana ingxaki yokucubungula ubomi babo bonke ubomi. Basenokuba nobunzima bokufunda, ukugcina eklasini kunye / okanye ukuphulaphula kwiimeko ezibuhlungu, kodwa akukho nto inzima kangangokuba kufuneka ukuba bathathe inyathelo. Abantu abadala abaninzi abaneengxaki zokucwangcisa ukuphicotha (APD) baye baqulunqa izicwangciso okanye iindlela ezikhethiweyo zokuba zisebenze kakuhle nge-APD.
Ingxaki yokucwangcisa ukuphicothwa kwengqondo yintlupheko yokuvalelwa kwindlebe, kodwa enye engabonakali njengelahleko yokuvalelwa kwi-screenings okanye kwi-audiogram.
Iimvavanyo zokuvakala eziqhelekileyo azibonisi yonke imifanekiso yobunzima
Abantu abaninzi abadala badibanisa ukuphazamiseka kwengxaki yokucoca ngentsholongwane. Bayamangalisa xa i-audiogram ibuya "njengesiqhelo" kwaye kunjalo bayazi ukuba "abayiva" ngokuchanekileyo, ngokukodwa kwiimeko zentlalo apho kukho ingxolo yangaphandle. Esikhundleni saloo nto, ichaphazela inkqubo yokuvalelwa ngaphandle kwendlebe, umsebenzi wayo ukuhlukanisa isigidimi esinentsingiselo evela kwisandi esingenanto ebalulekileyo kwaye uhambise olo lwazi ngokucacileyo kakuhle kumaziko engqondo yengqondo (inkqubo ye-nervous central). Xa sithola imilayezo ephosakeleyo okanye engaphelelanga yokuhlola, silahlekelwa enye yezona ziqabane ezibalulekileyo kunye nehlabathi kunye nabanye abantu.
Njengabantu abaneminyaka yobudala, iingxaki ezincinci zokucoca iingxaki zikhula kwaye zinokuchaphazela ubomi bemihla ngemihla.
Inkqubo ye-nervous auditory iya kuba yinto encinci ye-flexible yobudala, oko kuthetha ukuba ukuphulaphula nokusetyenziswa kolwimi, ngokukodwa ngengxolo yengingqi, kunzima kakhulu.
Yintoni ebangela i-APD kubantu abadala?
Izizathu ze-APD kubantu abadala zingahlula kwii-genetics, ukuxhwaleka kwentloko , kunye neentlungu kwiindawo zokungabikho kokuvavanya (ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe engaphendulwanga) kunye nexesha le-anoxia (ezinokuthi zenzeke nge-TIA okanye ngesiqhwa ).
Ngamanye amaxesha isizathu esingaziwa, njengaye nabanye abakhubazekileyo bokufunda.
Iimpawu zophicotho-zincwadi eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene nokulimala kwekhanda okanye ukuthunyelwa kwe-concordve syndrome (i-PCS) zingenanto , ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe yokuphulaphulwa, ukunyamezela okuvakalayo okanye ukunyuka kwengqondo kwisandi esaziwayo njenge-hyperacusis, kunye nobunzima bokusetyenziswa kolwazi oluphicothiweyo, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiindawo zokubala kunye nokuva indawo ephezulu.
I-APD Impawu kwiBantu abadala
- Ubunzima obuninzi obunxulumene ne-APD bubunzima bokuphulaphula phambi kwengxolo engemvelaphi okanye iindawo ezibuyiselwayo. Ukongeza kwezi mpahla, imiba echazwe ngokuqhelekileyo kubantu abadala abane-APD iquka:
- Inkathazo emva kokulandelwa kwamanyathelo amaninzi okanye iinkqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi.
- Uluhlu oluninzi lweengcamango kwiimeko eziphicothiweyo, umzekelo, ukuphulaphula nokuthatha amanqaku.
- Ukubhala, ukufunda, imiba yokubhala.
- Ukungabi nomculo wokuxabisa.
- Iingxaki ngokukwazi ukufumana umthombo wesignali.
- Ubunzima emva kwencoko yocingo.
- Ubunzima kwezi zikhokelo.
- Ubunzima ngokuthetha ngokukhawuleza okanye okuvakalayo.
- Ingxaki emva kweengxoxo ezide.
- Unzima ukufunda ulwimi lwangaphandle okanye ulwazi lobuchwepheshe apho ulwimi luneveli okanye engaqhelekanga.
- Imiba yezenhlalakahle-ubunzima "ukufunda" abanye / imiba yokunxibelelanisa.
- Iingxaki zokulungelelanisa ekhaya, emsebenzini, nakwezinye iimeko.
Unyango kunye neendawo zokuhlala
Njengoko sifunda ngakumbi malunga neengxaki zokucubungula ukulungiselela abantu abadala kunye nabantwana, ezinye indawo zokuhlala ziyafumaneka. Oku kufaka ukuguqulwa kokusingqongileyo, njengokusebenzisa inkqubo ye-FM yokuphulaphula kunye / okanye izixhobo zokuvalelwa ukuba kukho ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe, kunye nokunyanga okulungiswayo, iinkqubo zoqeqesho lobuchopho ezisebenzisa ubugcisa beengqondo, ubuchule bobuchopho ukuphucula izakhono zobugcisa nanini na ubudala.
Ukuba uyakrokrela wena okanye othandekayo unenkinga yokucwangcisa okucwangcisiweyo, qhagamshelana ne-audiologist ngokugqithiseleyo ukuxilongwa nokunyangwa kwe-APD yokuvavanya.
> Imithombo:
> Patton, Judith. (1997) Ukuphila kunye nokusebenza neCentral Audit Disorder Disorder (CAPD). LD Online .
> Bellis, Terri et al. (2005) Ingxelo yobuGcisa (ephakathi) Iingxaki zokuPhathwa kweeNcwadi zoPhicotho. I-American Speech, Hearing, neLwimi yoMbutho .
> Museik et al (2010). I-American Academy ye-Audiology Guidelines Practice Guidelines ye-Diagnosis, unyango kunye noLawulo lwabantwana kunye nabadala abakwiCentral Auditory Disorder. I-American Academy ye-Audiology.
Ukuhlaziywa nguMelissa Karp, Au.D.