I-Tinnit yigama lokuva isandi esingazikhoyo ngqo kwindawo. Abanye abaphandi baye bachaza i-tinnitus njengengqiqo ye-phantom. "Abantu abanamaqela amaninzi bawachaza njengokuncenga, ukubetha, ikhenkethi izandi, ukuxumla, kunye nokunyusa, nangona ezinye iinkcazelo ziye zasetyenziswa. Ukuva ezinye iisampula ezivakalayo zokufikelela kwi-website ye-American Tinnitus Association, apho bafaka iifayile zemiqondiso eyahlukeneyo ye-tinnitus ukuphulaphula injongo yezemfundo.
I-Tinnit iyinto eqhelekileyo; ezininzi izigidi ezingama-30 zaseMerika zinemeko. Kule zigidi ezingama-30, ingxelo engama-20% iya kukhutshwa yiyo. I-audiologist inokuvavanya abantu ababini abavakalisa ukuphakama okufanayo kunye nokuphindaphindiweyo kwe-tinnitus kodwa umntu omnye uhluphekile kwaye omnye akayiqapheli.
I-Tinnit ikholelwa ukuba ibangelwa ngumonakalo we-cell ear ear. I-Cilia entlebeni yakho yangaphakathi ishukunyiswa ngokubhekiselele kwingcinezelo yamaza omsindo. Oku kubangela ukuba iiseli zikhulule umqondiso wombane ngokusebenzisa inzwa evela kwindlebe yakho (ingongoma yokuhlola) ukuya kwingqondo yakho. Ingqondo yakho iguqulela ezi zimpawu njengezandi. Ukuba iinwele ngaphakathi kwindlebe yakho yangaphakathi zivunjiwe okanye ziphukile, ziyakwazi "ukuvuza" iimpembelelo zogesi ezingalindelekanga kwingqondo yakho, kubangele i-tinnitus.
Into ebalulekileyo ukuba uyikhumbule malunga ne-tinnitus kukuba impendulo yengqondo kule miqondiso yamandla kagesi isinqumle ukuba ngaba umntu akacaphukisiyo okanye ayikho. I-Magnetoencephalography (i-MEG, iifutshane) isetyenziselwe ukufunda i-tinnitus kunye nengqondo.
I-MEG isebenzisa inzuzo yokuba zonke ii-neurons zithumela omnye nomnye umqondiso, amandla abo kagesi adala indawo encinci yamandla. I-MEG ivumela oososayensi ukuba bafumane iipatheni ezinjalo zokutshintsha kwintsebenzo engqondweni ingama-100 ngesibini. Ezi zifundo zibonise i-tinnitus zichaphazela ingqondo yonke kwaye zinceda ukuqonda ukuba kutheni ezinye iindlela zokwelapha ziphumelela ngakumbi kunabanye.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo
- Ukuvakala komsindo . Ukuboniswa kwomsindo omkhulu kungonakalisa iiseli zangaphandle zeenwele, eziyinxalenye yentloko yangaphakathi. Ezi nwele zeenwele azibuyisanga emva kokuba zonakaliswe. Nokuba kufumaneka kwiifutshane ezivakalayo, ezifana nokuqhuma umpu, kunokulimaza ezindlebeni kwaye kubangele ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe. Ixesha elide lokubonakalisa izandi ezivakalayo ngokukhawuleza, njengengxolo yombane okanye umculo odlalwa ngee-earphone, kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwindlebe yangaphakathi, kunye nokulahleka kwindlebe kunye ne-tinnitus. Ukuphulaphula izandi ezivakalayo ngokukhawuleza kwiiyure ezincinci zibeka ingozi enkulu yokuphulukana nokulahlekelwa kwindlebe kunye ne-tinnitus kamva ebomini.
- Amachiza . Amanye amayeza ayaziwa ngokuba yi-ototoxic ngelixa abanye babhala uluhlu njengefuthe ngaphandle kokubangela ukulimala ngonaphakade kwizakhiwo zendlebe. Amachiza amatsha aphuma ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba kunzima ukugcina uludwe lwamanani; enye inketho, ukuba unobungozi kwaye unomdla ukuba ingaba lakho unyango, ukuthetha nomkhomistiki okanye ukujonga iimfuno zakho kwi-intanethi njenge-www.drugs.com. Akufanele unqabe unyango ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho, nangona ucinga ukuba kunokubangela ukuba ube negalelo lakho.
- Ukulahlekelwa kweendlebe ezihlobene nobudala .
- I-Earwax ivimba umgca weendlebe . Xa i-earwax eninzi kakhulu iqokelela, kuba nzima kakhulu ukuhlamba ngokwemvelo, kubangela ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe okanye ukucaphukisa i-eardrum, engakhokelela kwi-tinnitus.
Izizathu Eziqhelekileyo Eziqhelekileyo
- Isifo sikaMeniere . I-Tinnit ingaba isalathisi sokuqala sesifo sikaMeniere, isifo sengqondo sangaphakathi esisenokubangelwa yimpembelelo engavamile yengxolo yomlomo. Ukuvalelwa kwindlebe yokuzala, i-vertigo, kunye nokulahlekelwa kwindlebe zizinye iimpawu zesifo sikaMeniere.
- Amathambo endlebe aguquka . Ukunyameka kwamathambo kwindlebe yakho ephakathi (i-otosclerosis) kunokuchaphazela ukuva kwakho kwaye kubangele i-tinnitus. Le meko, ebangelwa ukukhula kwethambo engavamile, ihlala isebenza kwiintsapho.
- Neengxaki ze-TMJ . Iingxaki kunye kunye ne-temporomandibular, udibaniso kwicala ngalinye leentloko zakho phambi kweendlebe zakho, apho umhlathi wakho ophantsi udibana nekrele lakho, unokubangela ukuba unobumba.
- Ukulimala kwentloko okanye ukulimala kwentamo . Intloko okanye intlungu yentlekele inokuphazamisa indlebe yangaphakathi, iindlebe zokuva okanye umsebenzi wengqondo odibene nokuva. Ukulimala okunjalo kubangelwa ukuba kubangele i-tinnitus kwindlebe enye kuphela.
- Acoustic neuroma . Le ngqumbo engabonakaliyo (inobungozi) ivela kwi-nerve ye-cranial ephuma ebuchosheni bakho ukuya kwindlebe yakho yangaphakathi kunye nokulawula ukulinganisela nokuva. Kwakhona kuthiwa i-vestibular schwannoma, le nkalo ngokubanzi ibangela i-tinnitus kwindlebe enye kuphela.
Ukuba ufumana i-tinnitus, kubalulekile ukuba uvavanyo lokuvavanya ngokupheleleyo. Kwezinye iimeko, i-audiologist yakho iya kukuthumela kwi-ENT ingcali yokulawula ngaphandle kweemeko zonyango ezifuna unyango ngaphambi kokuxoxa ngeendlela zokwenza unyango nawe.
> Imithombo:
I-Tinnitus: Ukubetha kwiNdlebe kunye Nento oyenzayo Ngayo. Harvard Health Publications.
American Tinnitus Association. Malunga neTinnitus.
I-Tinnitus Prevalence. I-American Academy ye-Audiology .
Zimmer, uCarl. (2010, Oktobha 27). Ukubetha kwiindlebe kuhamba kakhulu. Fumana uMagazini.
IWright EF, iBifano SL. Ubudlelwane phakathi kweTinitus and Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD). Int Tinnitus J. 1997; 3 (1): 56-61