Ukucwangcisa ngokuzithandela? Nangona uza kuba negalelo kuluntu ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi wakho wokuzithandela, uluntu aluhlali lubonelela ngokunyamekela amavolontiya alo njengoko ekunyamekeleni abasebenzi abakhokhelwayo. Ngoxa ama-55% abantu abadala base-United States babenomshuwalense wezempilo oxhaswe ngumqeshi ngo-2013, musa ukuxhomekeka kwintlangano yakho yokuzithandela eyinika inshuwalense yezempilo.
Nangona ezinye iinhlangano zokuzithandela ezixhaswa ngemali, zininzi, azinjalo.
Ukuba uya kuzinikela ngokuzithandela, awufunanga kuphela i-inshurensi yezempilo, udinga i-savvy encane ukuhamba kwilizwe eliyinkimbinkimbi yemigaqo-nshurensi yezempilo. Ukuba ungumhlali wezomthetho wase-US, nokuba ungowommi, uMthetho ononophelo loNonophelo unyanzela ukuba unomshuwalense wezempilo odibana nenkcazo yobuncinci obubalulekileyo. Ukuba awunjalo, kufuneka uhlawule isohlwayo sentela , inkokhelo yoxanduva lomntu ngamnye.
Funda ukuba isihlwayo sakho siya kuba phi . Khangela ukuba unakho ukuxolelwa kwisihlwayo .
Nazi iindlela zokukhethwa kwe-inshorensi yezempilo njengesivolontiya.
Ivolontiya yeNtlangano enika i-inshurensi yempilo
Ezinye iindibano zokuzithandela ezixhaswa ngemali, ezinkulu, ezixhaswe ngemali zinika iivolontiya zexesha elizeleyo nge-inshurensi yezempilo. I-Peace Corps, i-AmeriCorps, i-Volunteer Corps yamaLuthela kunye nemibutho eyilungu leKomiti yamaVolontiya yamaVolontiya aphakathi kwabo.
Ukuba ukhetha ukuzithandela kwintlangano enika inzuzo ye-inshorensi yempilo, cela ukuba i-inshurensi yezempilo ihlangabezana neemfuno ze-Care Act ezingenakunceda ubuncinci obuncinci bokubhengezwa . Ukuba akunjalo kwaye ungumhlali waseMelika, uya kufuna ukufumana ingxelo ehlangabezana nemigangatho engundoqo yemigangatho ebalulekileyo, ukujongana nombandela werhafu yerhafu ngokuwuhlawula okanye ukufumana ukuxolelwa kwisihlwayo.
Uxilongo
I-Medicaid yinkqubo yenhlalakahle karhulumente enika inkxaso yomshuwalense kwimpilo yabemi base-United States. Ekubeni i-Medicaid ilawulwa yilizwe, iMedicaid ihluke kwilizwe ukuya kwimeko. Kwiindawo ezininzi, unokufumana ilungelo lokufumana iMedicaid ukuba ingeniso yakho yi-138% yezinga elihlwempuzekileyo lephondo okanye liphantsi.
Nangona kunjalo, i-Medicaid ayisoloko inika iingeniso kulabo bahamba ngaphandle kwendawo yabo yommandla. Ukuba i-Medicaid yelizwe isebenza njengaye kwaye uceba ukuzithandela ngaphandle kwelizwe, i-Medicaid ayiyi kukunceda kakhulu ngaphandle kokuba ubuyele kwilizwe elibonelela nge-Medicidal coverage xa ufuna unonophelo lwempilo.
Intsholongwane Yempilo Yesikhashana
Isicwangciso sezempilo esifutshane sinokuthengwa ngqo kwiinkampani zomshuwalense okanye nge-broker. Izicwangciso zempilo zexesha elifutshane zibonelela ngokukhawuleza ixesha elithile ukuya kwiinyanga ezintandathu kwaye azihlaziywa. Kwamanye amazwe, ungathenga esinye isicwangciso sexesha elifutshane xa isicwangciso sakho sokuqala siphela, ngaloo ndlela kukunika ngempumelelo unyaka wokubhengezwa. Kwamanye amazwe, awukwazi ukuthenga ukubuyela emva kwexesha elifutshane; uya kufikelela kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokupapashwa.
Iintlawulo zeeNkcazo zivame ukuhlawulela imigaqo-nkqubo yexesha elifutshane kuneyona nkcazo enkulu yonyango, kodwa zikho izizathu ezi zibiza ngexabiso elingaphantsi kuneenkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Izicwangciso zexesha elifutshane azimele zihambelane nazo zonke izigunyaziso zokukhusela abathengi kuMthetho woNonophelo ongenakunciphisa. Oku kuthetha ithorensi yempilo yexesha elifutshane kusekho phantsi kokubhaliswa; ungayifumana ingabandakanyi izimo zakho zonyango ebezikho ngaphambili okanye uhlawule iiprayimamu eziphezulu ngenxa yazo. Ingakhokhisela ngaphezulu abantu abadala kunabantu abancinci. Inokubeka umda ophezulu malunga nokuba uza kuhlawula phi umcimbi ogula okanye ulimazile, kwaye ungabandakanywa ukuhanjiswa kweentlobo ezithile zonyango lwempilo. Ngokomzekelo, ukukhutshwa okuqhelekileyo kukunyamekelwa ngumama.
Ngenxa yezi mpawu, i-inshorensi yempilo yesikhashana iyanelisekisa igunya eliphantsi lokunqongophala loMthetho woNonophelo; kuya kusadingeka ujongane nentlawulo yerhafu.
I-inshurensi yokuhamba
Ukuba kufuneka uhambe ibanga elide ukufikelela kwisiza sakho senkonzo yokuzithandela, cinga nge-inshurensi yokuhamba . Nangona i-inshorensi yokuhamba iquka izinto ezifana nomthwalo olahlekileyo kunye neendleko ezongezelelweyo ezibangelwa ukulibaziseka, ukuhamba kwe-inshorensi yeehambo ezininzi kubandakanya ukhetho lokufumana unyango.
Njenge-inshorensi yempilo yexesha elifutshane, inxalenye yecandelo le-insurance coverage ye-inshurensi yokuhamba ayikho phantsi kwayo yonke imithetho engabonakaliyo yoMthetho weNtatheli. Inokuthi ingabandakanyi imibandela ekhoyo ngaphambili, ingabandakanyi inkcazo zeentlobo ezithile zeengxaki zezokwelapha, kwaye unciphise ukuhlawulwa kwayo. Ngokomzekelo, kuqhelekile ukuba i-inshurensi yokuhamba ingabandakanyi i-coverage yokulimala echaphazelekayo ekuthatheni inxaxheba kwizemidlalo ezigqithiseleyo njenge-bungee jumping kunye ne-kiteboarding.
Enye inzuzo enkulu ye-inshurensi yokuhamba: ingabandakanya ukukhutshwa kwe-evacuation coverage. Le ngxelo iza kunceda ukuhlawula iindleko ezihambelana nokuthutha kwindawo ekude kwisibhedlele esinokunyanga ukugula okanye ukulimala. Ngamanye amaxesha unako ukuphucula le ntlawulo ukubonelela ngeendlela zokuthutha wena nje kwisibhedlele esiseduze esinokukunakekela, kodwa esibhedlele ozikhethile. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba uyazivolontiya kwi-Afrika ephakathi, le ngxelo ingenza umehluko phakathi kokuthunyelwa esibhedlele kwindawo enkulu yabantu kwilizwe lakho lezisebenzi zokuzithandela, ukuthunyelwa kwisibhedlele kwilizwe elikufuphi elikufuphi elifana neloMzantsi Afrika, okanye ukuthunyelwa esibhedlele kwilizwe lakho.
Nangona kunjalo, kwakhona i-inshurensi yokuhamba ayigculisi igunya lika-Care Affordable igunya lokufumana i-inshorensi epheleleyo yezempilo.
Umgangatho phantsi kweNtshuwalense yeMpilo yeLungu leNtsapho
Ukuba uneminyaka engaphantsi kweminyaka engama-26 kunye nomnye wabazali bakho ehlala eUnited States kwaye unempilo yomshuwalense jikelele, unokufumana uncedo lwe-inshorensi yempilo phantsi kwesicwangciso sakhe. Oku kuyinyaniso nokuba ngaba awuhlali nabazali bakho nokuba ngaba utshatile. Xa usuqale u-26, kuya kufuneka ufumane enye inqaku, kodwa uya kukhetha .
Ukuba utshatile kwaye iqabane lakho linomshuwalense wezempilo, jonga ukufumana ingxelo phantsi kwesicwangciso sakhe sempilo. Abanye abaqeshi bancedisa ukukhupha iindleko zeeprayimari zenyanga zenyanga zabasebenzi bomtshato babo.
Ngazo zombini zikhetho, ukuba uya kuphuma kweli lizwe ngenkonzo yakho yokuzithandela, phanda indlela umshwalense aphatha ngayo ukugula okanye ukulimala okuvela ngaphandle. Ezinye zikhawulezileyo zikhawulezileyo, ezinye zibonelela ngeenxa zonke ngaphandle, kwaye ezinye zibonelela ngokukhawuleza kodwa kuphela ukuba uye waphesheya ixesha elide.
Iindaba ezilungileyo malunga nale ndlela yokukhawuleza: ukuba umzali okanye umlingane wakho ufumana ingqalelo ngomsebenzi wakhe, ngokuqinisekileyo kubalwa njengobuncinci benkcazo ebalulekileyo. Awunakuze ujongane nesohlwayo.
Obamacare
Ukuba ungummi okanye ummi wezomthetho waseUnited States, qwalasela ukubhalisa kwisicwangciso se- Obamacare esithengiswa nge-Care Affordable Care Act. Zonke ezi zicwangciso zibalwa njenge-minimum coverage kwaye zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezipheleleyo ngaphandle kwemida malunga nokuba baya kuhlawula phi kwiinkonzo zempilo.
Ukongezelela, unokufumana ilungelo lokuhlawula i-inshorensi yempilo oyithengayo ngokusebenzisa utshintshiselwano lombuso wakho. Urhulumente unikezela ngemali encedisayo yokwenza i-inshurensi yempilo ibe nexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu kubantu abanemali engama-400% kwinqanaba lehlwempu okanye phantsi. Kukho neenkxaso zokuncedisa ukuhlawula iindleko zokuxothwa kunye neepayilile kubantu abanemali engaphantsi kwe-250% yezinga lehlwempu.
Funda isishwankathelo ngasinye seNzuzo kunye nokuPhepha ngokucokisekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba uya kuba neenkcazo ukuba uceba ukuphuma kweli lizwe, baninzi abangabanikeli ukuhanjiswa xa behamba phesheya. Ukuba isicwangciso osiqwalaselayo isicwangciso sokunyamekela , jonga ngenyameko kumncedisi wenethiwekhi ukuqinisekisa ukuba uya kukwazi ukufumana ababoneleli kwingingqi yeenkonzo zakho zokuzithandela.
I-Obamacare Umngcipheko
Ukuba uneminyaka engaphantsi kwe-30 ubudala kunye nommi okanye ummi waseMelika, uvumelekile ukuthenga isicwangciso sezempilo esiyingozi kwi-Career Affordable Care Act. Izicwangciso ezinobungozi zingancinci kunezicwangciso zezempilo eziqhelekileyo kodwa zinokudityaniswa kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuba i-deductible iphakamileyo kakhulu, ezi zicwangciso zifanelekile ukuba zifanelane nabangalindelekanga ukuba basebenzise i-inshorensi yabo yempilo, okanye abo banokugcina imali enokukwazi ukuhlawula amawaka eedola ngaphandle kwepokothini lwempilo ngaphambi kokuba i-inshurensi yezempilo iqale.
Ukuba uneminyaka engama-30 okanye ngaphezulu, awuqhelekanga ukuthenga isicwangciso esiyingozi. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwalolu mgaqo kuvumela abo abangama-30 nangaphezulu ukuba bathenge isicwangciso esiyingozi xa befumana kuqala ukuxolelwa kabuhlungu kwi-inshorensi yezempilo.
COBRA
Ukuba okwangoku unomshuwalense wezempilo ngomsebenzi wakho, nangona emva kokuba ushiye umsebenzi wakho, unokufanelekela ukuqhubeka nokufikelela kwenyanga ukuya kwiinyanga ezili-18 ngokusebenzisa i- COBRA . Ngaphantsi kweCOBRA, uya kuhlawula inxalenye ye-premium eyayivame ukuphuma nganye kwiintlawulo zakho kunye nenxalenye ye-premium umqeshi wakho wasebenzisa ukuhlawula. Ukongezelela, uya kuhlawula umrhumo we-2% wezolawulo.
Abalawuli be-COBRA abaqeshisi abanqumle ukukhawuleza okukhulu kunye neentlawulo zexesha elide; ukuba unokukhawuleza kwintlawulo, unokulahlekelwa ngokukhawuleza kwekharityhulam yakho yeCOBRA.
Ukuba Uzinikela Ngaphandle Kweminyaka Yonyaka okanye ngaphezulu
Ukuba uzinikela ngokuzithandela ngaphandle kweUnited States unyaka okanye ngaphezulu, unokufumana ukukhulula kwisigwebo somvuzo sokungaqiniseki. Abo bangaphandle kwelizwe okanye kumazwe ubuncinane iintsuku ezingama-330 zonyaka bangakufanelekela ukukhululwa kwigunya lokuba ne-inshorensi yempilo.
Imithetho elawula lo mxolelo iyanzima, ngoko uthetha kumcebisi wakho werhafu ngaphambi kokuba ucinge ukuba uya kuzuza. Uya kufuneka uhlangabezane nemigangatho echazwe ngokuthi "uvavanyo lwamaziko emzimbeni" kwi- IRS Publication 54 , isiKhokelo soRhafu kubahlali be-US kunye nabahlali bamazwe angaphandle.
Amanye amazwe avumela abo batyelele phantsi kweentlobo ezithile zee-visa ixesha elide lokuthenga kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo ye-inshorensi yempilo yelizwe. Ingaba lo khetho luya kufumaneka kwaye luhlobo luni lwe-inshorensi yezempilo ekhoyo luyahlukahluka ngokubanzi ukusuka kwilizwe elizwe ukuya kwilizwe.
Ukuba ufumanisa oku kuyindlela efanelekileyo kwilizwe apho uya kuba yintliziyo yokuvolontiya yesikhathi eside, uphando nge-coverage kunye nomgangatho wokunakekelwa kwempilo okhoyo kwilizwe lakho lemphathi ngaphambi kokuba wenze.
Zibuze ukuba ngaba unelisekile ukuba unakekele kwilizwe lakho lokumkela ukuba unokugula okanye ulimale kakhulu. Ukuba ufuna ukubuyela ekhaya kwimeko apho, uya kufuneka kwakhona isicwangciso sokujongana nendlela uza kuhlawula ngayo ukuphuma ekhaya kunye nendlela oza kuhlawula ngayo unyango oluqhubekayo eUnited States ukuba wakho inkqubo ye-inshorensi yezempilo yelizwe ayiyi kukugubungela xa ubuya.