Ngaba ugqirha wakho wakha wachaza "Obecalp" okanye "Cebocap" ukuzolalisa intloko yakho, ukunciphisa isisu sakho, okanye ukhulule intlungu yakho? I-Obecalp kunye neCebocap ngokwenene ziyi-drug-fake drugs. U-Obecalp kuphela igama elithi placebo eliphinda libuyiselwe emuva. Cebocap ligama lepilisi elenziwe kwi-lactose, eneshukela.
Oogqirha Benza I-Placebos Placebos
Abaphandi beYunivesithi yaseChicago bakhupha iziphumo zophando olubonisa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-45 zabasebenzi abaqeshwe ngabafundi (bonke oogqirha basekhaya baseChicago) babenqume izigulane zabo.
Kuoogqirha ababemisela indawo, iipesenti ezingama-34 zatsho izigulane ukuba loo myalelo awuyi kubuhlungu kwaye inokukunceda; Ipesenti ezingama-19 zithi nje yile mithi; Iipesenti ezi-9 zathi kwakuyimichiza "akukho miphumo ethile"; kwaye iipesenti ezi-4 kuphela zatsho izigulane zabo ezazibeka i-placebo.
Uphando lubonakala lubonisa ukuba abanye oogqirha basebenzisa indawo yeendawo kwindawo zabo zonyango ngenzame yokunceda izigulane. Olunye uphando olutshanje olwenziwe ngamagqirha e-ethics of morality luchaza ukuba ama-34 ekhulwini abo bahlolisweyo bathi kuyamkeleka ukunika i-placebo kwisigulane esingafuni unyango kodwa sisenjenjalo kuso.
Iintlobo zeeNgingqi
Kukho ezimbini iintlobo zeendawo zokuhlala:
- Indawo efanelekileyo okanye engasebenziyo, njengeepilisi zeshukela okanye iisilisi zetyuwa
- Ingcola okanye i-placebos esebenzayo, efana nokumisela i-antibiotic yokusuleleka kwintsholongwane okanye i-vitamin nangona isigulane asiyidingi
Indawo yokuSebenza ingasebenza
Nantsi isimangalo sangempela: Ngamanye amaxesha, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukubalwa, umsebenzi we-placebos ukunceda isigulane.
Nangona kunjalo ukuba akukho nonyango echwaywayo, izigulane ziziva ziphucula. Intlungu yabo okanye ezinye iimpawu ziyahamba. Ngaphandle kwimivavanyo yekliniki elawulwa ngokucophelela apho indawo yokubeka indawo isetyenziselwa ukulawula kwimeko yokuzama, ezinye izigulane ziphucula nje kuba zicinga ukuba zifumana unyango loqobo.
Esi siphumo-isiphumo se-placebo siphumelele-ngoku sibheke phambili kunye nesikhundla kwiingxoxo zengxube yomzimba wengqondo. Iyeza leNtshona (ngokuchasene neMpuma, ngokuqhelekileyo iyeza elithile) liqala ukufumana ukuxhamla komzimba njengento yokwenene yokwelapha.
Indawo yeNgingqi ingaba yonyango olusemthethweni kwixesha elizayo
Omnye uprofesa wonyango waseHarvard, u-Ted Kaptchuk, uye waqhuba uphando ngokukhawuleza kwi-placebos enemiphumo emihle kakhulu: Ukunika abantu i-placebo evulekileyo, iipilisi zeshukela eziyaziyo ukuba izipilisi zeshukela, ziye zanceda ukunciphisa iimpawu zezigulane iingxaki ezingapheliyo zempilo ezifana nesifo sengqondo sesifo esilumkileyo (IBS) kunye nentlungu engaphantsi.
Kule meko, ukukhululwa kwesibonakaliso akukho nto enokuyenza nangengxaki engqondweni okanye kwimeko yokulindela, njengoko ezininzi zezi gulane zibone oogqirha abaninzi bengenempumelelo encinane. Kunoko, iKaptchuk ikholelwa ukuba i-neurotransmitters isebenze kwiibilini zabaguli ngokusebenzisana nogqirha onenkathalo kunye nokufumana umyalelo kwaye oku kunciphisa iimpawu zomzimba. Izifundo ezingaphezulu kufuneka ziyenzelwe ubude bexesha elide, kodwa iinjongo ezinokuthi zithembele kubantu abanentswelo engapheliyo, ukukhathala kunye ne-malaise.
Iindawo zokuziphatha ezifanelekileyo zeendawo
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-placebos njengendlela yokuphatha izigulana ngaphandle kolwazi lwabo kuqukunjelwa ngemibuzo yokuziphatha kunye nempembelelo, kuquka:
- Ubungakanani bempilo yesigulane kungekhona ukuphucula ekubeni i-placebo ayiyona imithi yonyani.
- Isigqibo sokuba okanye ungayitsheli isigulane sinyango.
- Ubunokwenzeka ukuba ugqirha uyaziphosa ukucinga ukuba iingxaki zesigulane ziphela entloko.
- Ubungakanani besikhwama sokungabikho komsebenzi xa umntu ehlaselwa okanye efa ngenxa yokuba afunyaniswa kakubi okanye angafumanekiyo kwaye umiselwe i-placebo.
Ziziphi iziguli ezicinga Ngendawo yokubeka indawo
Olunye uphando kwiqela lezigulane ezenzelwe ukufumana oko iinkolelo zabo ziphathelele ngamagqirha acacisa i-placebo.
Uphononongo luphelile ukuba kukho ezimbini iinkolelo ezisisiseko phakathi kweqela: Elinye iqela lalinombono ongathandekiyo oogqirha abachaza i-placebos ukuba kukho impembelelo yokuba ugqirha wayekhohlise kwaye / okanye ukuba bakholelwa ukuba indawo ye-placebo ayisebenzi. Babecinga ukuba inkohliso iyakuncitshiswa ukuba ugqirha wazisa isigulane sokuba unyango olumiselweyo luyi-placebo. Elinye iqela lezigulane lalinombono ochanekileyo wokumisela iindawo zokuhlala ngaphandle nje kokuba babe nako ukusebenza, nangona oko bekubandakanya inkohliso yonyango. Kucacile ukuba uphando olongezelelweyo lufunekayo ukuze kufumaneke indlela engcono yokusebenzisa imiphumo emihle ye-placebos kwisenzo sekliniki.
> Imithombo:
> UBhishophu FL, Aizlewood L, Adams AEM. Iphi na isizathu sokuba i-Placebo-Prescribing iyamkeleka kwaye ayimkelekiyo: IsiGqeba soPhando lweZiGulane. I-Newman CE, iphe. PLoS ONE . 2014; 9 (7): e101822. i-doi: 10.1371 / iphephandaba.pone.0101822.
> Medscape. Iingcali eziPhambili zoLungileyo: Iziphumo zoPhando lweMedscape ka-2012.
> Ukuxhatshazwa B. I-Hypothesis entsha kakhulu kwiMedicine: Nika iziguli izidakamizwa Ziyazi ukuba azisebenzi. Vox. Ipapashwe ngoJuni 2, 2017.
> IYunivesithi yaseChicago Centre. Abangaphakathi bathi Bawubhale indawo ye-Placebos ngexesha. Ukukhutshwa koLuntu. NgoJanuwari 3, 2008.