Iyintoni i-P53 kunye nendima yiphi indima kwiCarcer?
Yintoni i-P53 Gene?
Yiyiphi i-gene ye-p53 kwaye yintoni indima edlala ngayo ekuphuhliseni nasekuqhubekeni komhlaza?
I-P53 Gene i-Genetic Suppressor Gene
I-gene ye-p53 yimizimba ekhupha iiprotheyini ezivimbela ukuphuhliswa nokukhula kwezidumbu (ngaphezu kweminye imisebenzi). Iyaziwa njenge- genetic suppressor gene . Ukuba le geni iguqulwa-oko kukuthi, utshintshile ngandlela-thile ngendalo okanye ilifa, iiseli ezimele zivunyelwe ukuba ziphile, kwaye ekugqibeleni, ziba ngamaseli omhlaza.
I-p53 i-Gene Mutation iqhelekileyo
Ukuguqulwa kwentsholongwane ye-p53 (efumaneka kwi-chromosome 17) yinguqu ebonakalayo efunyenwe kumaseli omhlaza kwaye ikhona ngaphezu kwama-50% eekomhlaza.
Yintoni i-P53 Gene yenza?
I-p53 i-gene igxininisa iiprotheni ezinokuthi zilungise iiseli ezimele okanye zenze iiseli ezimele zife, inkqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-apoptosis. Xa i-gene ingasebenzi ngenxa yenguqu, izi proteins ezilungisa iiseli okanye ukuphelisa iiseli ezonakalisiweyo azivelwanga, kwaye iiseli ezingaqhelekanga zivunyelwe ukwahlula nokukhula.
Indlela elula kakhulu yokujonga i-gene ye-p53 yayiza kukuzifanela njengomgubo we-p53, kunye neplumber njengenye yeeprotheni onokuyilawula. Ukuba unomthombo wamanzi kwaye "usebenza ngokufanelekileyo," uya kuba nakho ukufowunela umnxeba. I-plumber iyakwazi ukuza ekhayeni lakho kunye nokulungisa umbhobho wokuvuza okanye ukususa ngokupheleleyo ukuyeka ukuvuza kwamanzi.
Ukuba awukwazanga ukwenza ifowuni (efana ne-gene p53 ephosakeleyo), i-plumber ayiyi kubizwa kwaye ukuvuza kuyakuqhubeka (kufana nomhlaza wesahlulo ohlukanayo), kwaye ekugqibeleni umkhukula wakho ekhaya.
Ngamanye amagama, i-p53 i-gene isebenza njengomnatha wokhuseleko ovimbela amaseli angacwangciswanga ukuba ahlakulele abe ziimpawu kwiindlela ezi-3 eziphambili (njengokuba kunjalo-kuninzi kufuneka sifunde malunga ne-p53.) Ngu:
- Ukulungisa umonakalo kwi-DNA ngaphambi kokuba iiseli ezimazileyo zihlukane (kwaye udlulise impazamo.)
- Ukubangela i-apoptosis. Xa umonakalo we-DNA ukhulu kakhulu ukuba ulungiswe, iifomor suppressor jeni zenze i-cell cell death (ipoptosis) ukwenzela ukuba umonakalo ungadlulanga.
- I-P53 cishe ineminye imisebenzi emininzi, kubandakanywa nemiphumo emetabolism ebambe indima ephambili ekukhuleni komhlaza.
Yintoni ebangela ukulimala kwi-Gene p53?
Umzimba we-p53 ungonakaliswe (utshintshwe) ngezinto ezibangelwa ngumhlaza kwimeko , njengomsi womsila . Kwakhona kungabikho nakwezinye abantu ukusuka ekuzalweni. Abantu abafumana ilifa elilodwa kuphela lwe-p53 gene (i-Li-Fraumeni syndrome) baxhomekeke ekuveliseni umdlavuza kamva ebomini.
Ubaluleka be-P53 Gene kwi-Cancer Lung
Ukuqonda i-gene ye-p53 kunye neeprotheni ezikhowudiweyo zingakhokelela kwiindlela ezingcono zokuxilonga nokuphathwa komhlaza wamaphaphu esikhathini esizayo.
Imithombo:
Demirhan, O. et al. Ukutshintshwa kwimizimba ye-p16 kunye ne-p53 kunye neziphumo ze-chromosomal kwizigulane zomdlavuza wamaphaphu: I-fluorescence in hybridization kunye nezifundo ze-cytogenetic. I-Epidemiology yomhlaza . 2010 Meyi 3. (Epub phambi kokuprinta).
Farnebo, M. et al. I-p53 ye-tumor supprossor: i-master regulator yeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zeselula kunye nokujoliswa kweengqondo kumhlaza. UkuNxibelelana koPhando lwezinto zeMvelo kunye noBuchule . 2010. 396 (1): 85-9.
Hecht. S. Inkqubela kunye nemingeni kwiindawo ezikhethiweyo ze-tobacco carcinogenesis. Uphando lweMichiza kwi-Toxicology . 2008. 21 (1): 160-71.
Abamnene, D. Ummiselo wempendulo ye-p53 kunye nolwalamano lwakhe nomhlaza. Journal of Biochemical Journal . 2015. 469 (3): 325-46.
Muller, P., no K. Youden. ukuguquka kwe-p53 kumhlaza. I-Cell Cell Biology . 2013. 15 (1): 2-8
UPfeifer, G. no A. Besaratinia. I-spectral mutational yomdlavuza womntu. Human Genetics . 2009. 125 (5-6): 493-506.
Wang, X., uSimpson, E., noK. Brown. p53: Ukukhuselwa kuKhuselo lokuThumela ngaphandle kweempembelelo kwiSeli yeeSeli kunye neApoptosis. Uphando lweCancer . 2015 uNgo-16. (Epub ngaphambi kokuprinta).