Le meko ibangelwa ukungabikho kokuphuma kwegazi ukuya emathunjini amakhulu
I-Ischemic colitis yilapho ukuphuma kwegazi ukuya emathunjini amakhulu kuphazamiseka. Ukujikeleza kwegazi rhoqo kwiimathumbu kuyadingeka ukugcina ezo ziko ziphilile, kwaye xa ukugula okanye ukulimala kubangela ukuba imiphefumlo yegazi ivinjiwe okanye iyancitshiswe, ingabangela i-ischemic colitis. I-Ischemic colitis ingenzeka nanini na ubudala kodwa iyaqheleke kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60.
I-Ischemic colitis ijwayele ukuphathwa esibhedlele ngamanyathelo okuxhasa, kodwa kwezinye iimeko kukho ukuhlinzwa. Ininzi yexesha, i-ischemic colitis ihamba kancane ngexesha, kodwa kwezinye iimeko iqala ngokukhawuleza (kuba nzima). I-Acchem ischemic colitis iyingozi yonyango, oko kutheni kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza xa kukho ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu.
I-Ischemic colitis ayihambelani ne-ulcerative colitis, uhlobo lwesifo sesibindi sokubhubha (IBD) . "I-Colitis" ibinzana elibhekiselele ekuvukeleni kwikholoni, enokubangelwa zizifo neemeko ezahlukeneyo. I-Ischemic colitis, nangona kunjalo, inxulumene nesifo senhliziyo, nokugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo ngokutya kunye nokuzivocavoca kubalulekile ukunciphisa umngcipheko. Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-ischemic colitis iphathwa ngokuphumelelayo kwaye isombulula kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle kweengxaki. I-Ischemic colitis ayisoloko iphinda iphinde ibuyele abantu.
Izizathu ze-Ischemic Colitis
Kukho imithambo emithathu eyintloko eyenza igazi emathunjini, okubizwa ngokuba yimithambo ye-mesenteric. Igazi eline-oksijithali lifunwa yizo zonke izitho zomzimba ukuze zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye imirriyiti yamamente yindlela ekubonelela ngayo igazi kumathumbu. Ukuba le mingxube ibinqatshelwe okanye ivalwe ngokupheleleyo, ukuhamba kwegazi kuncitshiswa (okubizwa ngokuba yi-infarction), kunye nokufa kweselingo kungaqala ukuvela emathunjini amakhulu (ngamanye amaxesha) amancinci.
Kukho izizathu ezimbalwa ezahlukahlukeneyo zokuba iimitha ze-mesenteric zivaliwe:
- I-cholesterol ephezulu : Iimitha ze-mesenteric ziyakhutshwa xa kukho i-buildup ye-plaque ngaphakathi kubo. I-plaque yenziwe nge-cholesterol, i-fat, imveliso yerhasi, i-calcium ne-fibrin. Xa i-plaque ivimbela imirhoxo yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-atherosclerosis. Kubantu abanobuchopho besifo somzimba okanye isifo se-vascular peripheral, i-atherosclerosis yiyona nto ibangela i-ischemic colitis.
- I-blood clot : Enye imbangela ye-ischemic colitis i-clots yegazi. Xa iiplatelets kunye neeplasma zeeplasini egazini zihlangene kunye, zingenza i-clot enkulu ngokwaneleyo ukuvimba yonke into okanye inxalenye yomriba. Amacwecwe egazi ayenzeka emva kokulimala kodwa nazo ziyingxaki yezinye izifo kunye neemeko kunye nesiganeko esibi seminye imithi.
- Ugqirha: Ukuvuthwa kwi-artery kunokubangela ukuba izicubu ezinqabileyo zenze. Kwezinye iimeko, izicubu ezibomvu zingenzeka kwizinga elithintela ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi.
- Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi: I-cocaine kunye ne-methamphetamine zidibene ne-ischemic colitis. Kungenxa yokuba ezi ziyobisi zingenza imithwalo yegazi ithinte.
Izinto zobungozi
Ezinye zeengxaki zobungozi be-ischemic colitis ziquka:
- Umdala ongaphezu kweminyaka engama-60
- Ukukhubazeka kwentliziyo
- Sikashukela
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi
- Amachiza (nangona anqabile), kuquka i-antibiotics, i-chemotherapy, i-hormones (i-estrogen), i-IBS-kunye ne-pseudoephedrine
- Ukuhlinzwa kwangaphambili kwi-aorta
Izibonakaliso ze-Ischemic Colitis
Ngokuqhelekileyo, impawu yokuba abaninzi abantu abane-colitis isifo sikhuhlane, ngokunyameko, njengentlungu yesisu . Le ntlungu ingabonakala ngakumbi emva kokutya kwaye kunokuba nesisa kwisisu. Kwiimeko ezininzi iintlungu zithe zithelekise, kodwa ukuba iirriyiti ezivaliweyo zisekunene kwesisu, intlungu ingaba nzima. Le mibhobho enemigca efanelekileyo isebenza emathunjini amakhulu kunye nomathumbu omncinci .
Xa kubandakanyeka emathunjini emathunjini kunye ne-ischemic colitis, imeko ingaba yintlungu kwaye ibe nomngcipheko omkhulu weengxaki ezinzulu.
I-Ischemic colitis nayo ingabangela izigulana zamanzi, kunye negalelo legazi eliseburhulumenteni obomvu ebomvu. Isibilini, isifo sohudo, ukuhlanza, umkhuhlane, kunye nokukhawuleza, kufuneka rhoqo ukusebenzisa indlu yangasese ezinye iimpawu zentlungu ye-ischemic colitis.
Ukuchonga i-Ischemic Colitis
Ugqirha unokufumanisa i-ischemic colitis esekelwe kwimibandela emininzi, kubandakanywa nembali yomzimba ngokucophelela kunye neziphumo zeemvavanyo ezithile. Ngenxa yokuba i-thromic colitis yenza ukuba ezinye zeempawu ezifanayo ze-IBD (ezi zimbini ziphambili ziyi-Crohn's disease kunye nesifo sezilonda zesilonda), kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuhlula phakathi kwezi meko. Kwezinye iimeko, ukwenza ukuxilongwa kwe-ischemic colitis kunokuba ngumngeni kuba iimpawu ziyafana nezinye zeemeko.
Ezinye iimvavanyo ezingasetyenziselwa ekwenzeni ukuxilongwa ziquka:
- I-Colonoscopy : I-colonoscopy ngumvavanyo apho ityhubhu enokukhanya ekugqibeleni ifakwe kwi-anus ukuze ibone ngaphakathi emathunjini amakhulu.
- Iskrini se-computed tomography (CT) : I-CT scan ihlobo lwe-x-ray esetyenziselwa ukubona izicubu kunye nezitho zesisu.
- I-Mesenteric angiogram: Ngethuba lo vavanyo, idayi eyahlukileyo ifakwe kwisinye seetriyiti zamantenteric, ngokusebenzisa indawo ye-groin. I-ray-ray iyathathwa ukuze ibone ngaphakathi ngaphakathi.
- Isibalo segazi le-White White (WBC) : Inani elisezantsi legazi eliphezulu kuneendlela eziqhelekileyo ukuba kukho ukuvuvukala emzimbeni onokudibana ne-ischemic colitis.
Ukwelapha i-Ischemic Colitis
Ulwaphulo lwe-ischemic colitis luya kuxhomekeka kubukhulu beemeko, kunye nezifo ezinzima ezifuna unyango oluninzi. Kwiimeko apho imeko ithathwa njengobumnene, unyango lungaba nekhosi ye-antibiotics, ukutya okunomsoco, i-intravenous fluid, kunye nolawulo lweentlungu. Ukuba i-colhem isicicitis ifunyanwe ibangelwa kwenye imeko, ukuba imeko leyo iya kufuna kwakhona unyango. Iindidi ezithile zamachiza ezisetyenziselwa unyango lwe-migraines okanye isifo senhliziyo zinganciphisa imilambo yegazi kwaye kufuneka ivalwe ixesha. Kwiimeko ezinzima, i-ischemic colitis ingasombulula ngeentsuku ezimbalwa.
Kwamanye amaxesha amaninzi, amayeza afana nalawo aphula ama-blood clots (thrombolytics) kwaye awandise imiraro (i-vasodilators) ingasetyenziswa. Ukuba i-artery ayiyikucima, utyando lokususa ukukhutshwa linye yonyango olungenzeka, kodwa oku kuyenzeka kuphela emva kokuba ezinye zonyango zingasebenzi. Ukuba kukho i- perforation (umngxuma) kwikholoni, okanye icandelo elincinci (ukulungiswa) , ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka ukulungisa ezi ngxaki. Ukuba kukho izicubu kwi-colon efile, utyando luya kwenziwa ukususa eso sigaba sebilini ( intengiso ).
ILizwi
I-Ischemic colitis iyayikhathaza kakhulu kodwa iimeko ezininzi zixazulule kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kungekho unyango olubi. Iimeko ezinzima kakhulu zinokufuna ukuhlinzwa kodwa abaninzi abantu baphila kakuhle ngaphandle kweengxaki. Naliphi na ixesha kukho utshintsho kwimikhwa yobomi, njengokungena kwindawo yokuhlambela ngokuphindaphindiweyo okanye ngaphantsi kwexesha, kufuneka kuxoxwe nodokotela. Igazi kwisithambiso okanye intlungu yesisu, yindlela ehlala ngayo i-cikemicitis colitis iqala rhoqo, kufuneka ihlale ihambela ugqirha ukuze ifumene oko kubangela ukuba le mpawu.
> Imithombo:
> Beck DE, de Aguilar-Nascimento JE. "Ulawulo loPhando kunye neSiphumo kwi-Ischemic Colitis." Ochsner J. 2011; 11: 282-285.
> Rania H, Mériam S, Rym E, Hyafa R, Amine A, Najet BH, Lassad G, Mohamed TK. "I-Ischemic colitis kumanqaku amahlanu: ukuhlaziywa ngo-2013." I-Tunis Med ngo-2014; 92: 299-303.