Ukunakekelwa kweMpilo ngeeNkcazo ngeFlexible Spending Accounts
IiAkhawunti ze-Savings Health kunye ne- Flexible Spending Accounts zikunceda ukuba unciphise irhafu yakho yerhafu xa ulondoloza imali yokusebenzisa iindleko zonyango. Nangona kunjalo, ukufana kumile apho. Yintoni omele uyayiyazi malunga nokwahlukana phakathi kwe-HSA kunye ne-FSA ukuze ukhethe ukhetho olungcono kuwe? Ziziphi iingenelo nokungahambi kwezi zicwangciso?
Ulwahluko phakathi kwe-HSA ne-FSA
Kukho iintlukwano ezininzi phakathi kwe-HSA kunye ne-FSA, kwaye ngaphandle kokukhangela ezi zifutshane ungaziva udidekile. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu.
Ii-HSAs & ii-FSAs zihluke kwii-Akhawunti zabo
Xa uqala i-Akhawunti ye-Flexible Spending (FSA), awunayo i-akhawunti; wakho umqeshi. Awukwazi ukuyithatha nawe. Kwezinye iimeko, ulahlekelwa yimali kuyo-imali oye waba negalelo kwiintlawulo zakho-kumqeshi wakho. Oku kuya kwenzeka nokuba ushiya umsebenzi wakho ngokuzithandela okanye uvumelekile ukuba uhambe.
Xa uvula i-Akhawunti Yokugcina Impilo (HSA), unayo i-akhawunti kunye nayo yonke imali kuyo. Uthabatha nawe xa uhamba, utshintshe imisebenzi, kwaye nangona ulahlekelwa yinshuwalense yakho yezempilo.
Ukuchitha iiVs Ukulondoloza
I-akhawunti yeFlexible Spending Accounts ihlelwe ukuba ikukhuthaze ukuba uchithe kakhulu okanye yonke imali kuyo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iiAkhawunti zokuSindisa iMpilo, zakhiwe ukukhuthaza ukuba ugcine .
Awukwazi ukutyalo imali ebekwe eceleni kwi-FSA, ngoko awuyi kuba nomdla kuyo. Okubi nakakhulu, ulahlekelwa yimali engabonakali kumqeshi wakho ekupheleni konyaka; uyayisebenzisa okanye ayilahle. Abaqeshi bavunyelwe ukuba baqhube kwi-$ 500 yeemali zakho ezingenayo imali kwi-FSA yakho kunyaka ozayo, kodwa ababophekile ukuba benze njalo.
Nantoni na engaphezu kwe-$ 500 eyishiywe engabonakaliyo kwiakhawunti yakho ekupheleni konyaka iyalala kumakhobi wakho omqeshi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, unokuhamba iminyaka emininzi njengoko uyithandayo ngaphandle kokuchitha idini yemali kwi-HSA yakho, kwaye, ngokungafani ne-FSA, imali iya kusekho. Umqeshi wakho akanakukuchaphazela. Akukho sipheli sokugqibela sonyaka ukuwusebenzisa okanye ukulahlekelwa.
Esikhundleni sokuhlala nje kwi-akhawunti yakho ungenzi nto, ungafaka imali kwi-HSA yakho. Inzala kunye nemali engenayo ikhula irhafu. Awuhlawuli irhafu kwiimbuyekezo okanye umrhumo xa uwahoxisa ukuba uwasebenzisa kwiindleko zonyango ezifanelekileyo.
Izidingo zokufaneleka ezihlukileyo phakathi kwe-FSA ne-HSA
Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwi-FSA, kufuneka ube nomsebenzi nomqeshi onika iFSA. Umqeshi unquma imigaqo yokufaneleka. I-akhawunti idibene nomsebenzi wakho.
Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwi-HSA, kufuneka ube neCandelo lezeMpilo eliPhezulu eliPhezulu okanye iDHHP. Ukuba uhlala kwi- Medicare , awufanelekile ukuqala i-HSA. Ukuba unomgaqo-nkqubo womshuwalense wempilo wendabuko, mhlawumbi ukongeza kwi-HDHP yakho okanye esikhundleni se-HDHP, awuvumelekile. Ukuba omnye umntu unokuthi unxhomekeke ekubuyiselweni kwerhafu, awuvumelekanga, nokuba ngaba ababange bakubanga.
Ukuba unayo i-FSA, awuvumelekile ukuba uqale i-HSA ngaphandle kokuba i-FSA yakho i-Akhawunti ye-Akhawunti ye-Flexible Purpose Account. Ezi ziFSA ezizodwa zingasetyenziselwa ukuhlawula umboniso kunye neendleko zezinyo. Ukuba unayo i-FSA kwaye ungathanda ukuqala i-HSA, unokhetho olubini: tshekisha nomqeshi wakho ukuba ubone ukuba i-FSA yakho ayiNjongo ye-FSA yeNjongo, okanye ilinde kude kube ngumnyaka ozayo kwaye ulahlekise i-FSA.
I-HSA yenzelwe ukukunceda ukuhlangabezana neengxowankulu ezidityanisiweyo ezinxulumene nezicwangciso ze-inshurensi yezempilo ye-HDHP. Nangona ukuqala kwe-HSA yakho inokudibaniswa nomsebenzi wakho, i-akhawunti ayixhunyiwe kumsebenzi wakho; idibene ne-inshurensi yezempilo ye-HDHP.
Enyanisweni, akudingeki ukuba ube nomsebenzi ukuqala i-HSA.
Yintoni eyenzekayo kwiAkhawunti yakho Xa Ulahlekelwa Umsebenzi Wakho
Ukuba ulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wakho, ulahlekelwa yi-FSA yakho kunye nemali kuyo. Awukwazi ukuyisebenzisa imali yakho ye-FSA ukuhlawula i- premiums yakho ye- inshorensi ye- COBRA .
Ngokwahlukileyo, xa ulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wakho, ugcina i-HSA yakho nayo yonke imali. Ukuba ulahlekelwa yinshurensi yakho yezempilo yeHDHP kunye nomsebenzi wakho, awuyi kuvunyelwa ukuba uncedise nayiphi na enye imali kwi-HSA yakho de uze ufumane esinye isicwangciso sezempilo se-HDHP. Nangona kunjalo, usenako ukurhoxisa imali ekufuneka uchithe kwiindleko zonyango ezifanelekileyo, nokuba ungekho iHDHP. Enyanisweni, usenokusebenzisa imali yakho ye-HSA ukuhlawula i-premiums yakho ye-inshorensi ye-COBRA okanye ukuhlawula iiprimimenti ze-inshorensi yempilo xa ufumana inzuzo karhulumente engenako umsebenzi.
Ngubani onokunikela kwi-FSA vs HSA
Nge-FSA, nguwe kuphela okanye umqeshi wakho unokuba negalelo, kwaye abaninzi abaqeshi bakhetha ukungazi. Imirhumo ye-FSA ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe ngokuncitshiswa kolawulo lokuhlawula irhafu, kwaye kufuneka uzinikele ekubeni nexabiso elithile elithathwe kwi-paycheck nganye kulo nyaka. Emva kokuba wenze ukuzibophelela ngokwezimali, awuvumelekanga ukutshintsha kuze kube yithuba elizayo lokubhalisa.
Nge-HSA, awuyivalelwa kunyaka wonke weminikelo. Unokutshintsha inani lakho lemali xa ukhetha. Nabani na onokufaka isandla kwi-HSA yakho: umqeshi wakho, wena, abazali bakho, umlingane wakho wokuqala, nantoni na. Nangona kunjalo, iminikelo evela kuyo yonke imithombo ehlanganisiweyo ayikwazi ukuba ngaphezu komda ophezulu wonyaka obekwe yi-IRS.
Unokwenza uncedo ngakumbi kwi-HSA kuneFSA
Imithetho ye-IRS igqithise ukuba imali eninzi yerhafu ungayigxotha kwii-HSA kunye ne-FSAs. Nge-FSA, uvumelekile ukufaka i-$ 2,650 ngo-2018. Nangona kunjalo, umqeshi wakho unokubeka umda onqongqo kwiminikelo yakho ye-FSA xa ukhetha.
Ingakanani ongayinayo kwi-HSA utshintsho kunyaka ngamnye kwaye kuxhomekeke ekubeni unobunikazi beHDHP okanye i-HDHP kuphela.
| 2017 | 2018 | |
|---|---|---|
| Ukuzimela ngokuzimela kuphela ngaphantsi kweminyaka engama-55 | $ 3,400 | $ 3,450 |
| Ukhuseleko lweentsapho ngaphantsi kweminyaka engama-55 | $ 6,750 | $ 6,900 |
| Ubuneminyaka yobudala engama-55 ubudala | $ 4,400 | $ 4,450 |
| Unyaka wobudala obuneminyaka engama-55 ubudala | $ 7,750 | $ 7,900 |
Ngubani ojongene ne-HSA vs FSA Ukurhoxiswa
Ekubeni umqeshi wakho ungumnikazi weakhawunti yakho yeFSA, imithwalo yokulawula yale hlobo i-akhawunti iwa kumqeshi wakho. Umzekelo, umthwalo wakho ngumqeshi wokuqinisekisa ukuba imali ehoxisiwe kwi-FSA yakho isetyenziswe kuphela kwiindleko zonyango ezifanelekileyo.
Nge-HSA, ibhakede iyayeka nawe. Unoxanduva lokubamba i-HSA imali kunye nokuhoxiswa. Kumele ugcine iirekhodi ezaneleyo ukubonisa i-IRS oye wachitha nayiphi na irhoxiso kwiindleko zonyango ezifanelekileyo, okanye uza kuhlawula irhafu yengeniso kunye nesigwebo se-20 sepesenti kunaliphi na imali ehoxiswayo. Nawuphi na unyaka owenza idiphozithi okanye uthathe ukurhoxiswa kwi-HSA yakho, kuya kufuneka ufake ifomu 8889 kunye neerhafu zakho zentlawulo.
I-HSA Vs ye-FSA-kuphela yodwa inokusetyenziswa njengeNgxowa-mali yongxamiseko
Ekubeni ungumnini we-HSA yakho, nguwe oya kuthatha isigqibo sokuba uza kuthatha imali kunye nento oyisebenzisayo. Ukuba ukhetha ukuwukhangela into engekho iindleko zonyango ezifanelekileyo, uza kuhlawula isigwebo esinzima esingama-20 kuso. Ukongezelela, ukuhoxiswa kweenkonzo ezingekho phantsi kwezonyango kuya kwongezwa kwingeniso yakho ngaloo nyaka, ngoko uya kuhlawula irhafu yengeniso ephezulu.
Nangona kungenako ukucetyiswa, kwaye kungenako ukusetyenziswa kwe-savvy yemali kwi-HSA yakho, kunokuthuthuzela ukwazi ukuba unemfumba yemali onokuyifumana ngongxamiseko ukuba kufuneka. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uzimisele ukuhlawula izigwebo.
NgeFSA, awuyi kuvunyelwa ukurhoxisa imali nayiphi na enye ngaphandle kweendleko zonyango ezifanelekileyo. Ukuba indlu yakho iyatshisa kwaye wena kunye nomntwana wakho mntwana ujongene nokuhlala esitratweni ... inhlanhla enzima. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa imali yakho ye-FSA yezindlu, kungakhathaliseki ukuba unzima kangakanani.
I-HSA Vs ye-FSA-kuphela Enye ingasetyenziselwa ukuNceda iSicwangciso soMhlala-phantsi
Nangona i-FSA ingacingwa nje ngeakhawunti yomhlalaphantsi, ii-HSA zisetyenziselwa ukuba zisebenzise ngendlela eyongezelelweyo yokugcina umhlalaphantsi. Ekubeni iFSA ingasetyenziselwa iindleko zonyango ezifanelekileyo okanye ilahlekelwe ekupheleni konyaka, ayikwazi ukunceda uceba ukuhlala umhlalaphantsi (ngaphandle kwemali ongayigcina kwaye mhlawumbi utyalomali esetyenzisiwe ngaphandle kweerhafu kwizizathu ezifanelekileyo zempilo).
I-FSA vs HSA-Yodwa Yodwa Iyakunciphisa Imali Awuyiyo i-Deposited
Nge-HSA, unokurhoxisa imali kuphela ekhoyo kwi-akhawunti. Nangona kunjalo, nge-FSA, uvumelekile ukuba uhoxise yonke iminikelo yakho yonyaka ngokukhawuleza xa wenze igalelo lokuqala lonyaka.
Ngokomzekelo, masithi uthe uzibophezele ukuba ube ne-$ 1,200 ngonyaka, loo nto ingama-$ 100 ngenyanga, i-payroll ichithwe kwaye ifakwe kwi-FSA yakho. Ukuba ugula kwaye kufuneka uhlawule yonke i-inshorensi yakho ye-1 500 ye-inshorensi yempilo ngo-Febhuwari, uya kuba ne-$ 100- $ 200 kuphela kwi-FSA yakho. Akukho nkathazo, unako ukurhoxisa umnikelo wakho wonyaka we-$ 1,200, nangona awunakuncedisa okwamanje.
Uya kuba ne-FSA balance balance, kodwa umrhumo wakho uya kuqhubeka kunye nokuhlawula nganye. Ekupheleni konyaka, ibhalansi yakho yeFSA iya kuba yinto. Kuthiwani ukuba ushiya umsebenzi wakho ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka? Awunayo ukuhlawula umva emva!
HSA vs FSA kwiiNqanaba ezahlukeneyo zoBomi
Nangona kukho ukungafani koluhlobo lokubalwa kweengxelo phakathi kwe-HSA kunye ne-FSA, ukukhethwa kwesicwangciso kungahla kweendleko zonyango ezilindelekileyo. Ukuba unabantwana abancinci kwaye unempilo, i-FSA ingaba yinto efanelekileyo yohlobo lweefayili kunye nezinye iindleko ozakuhlangabezana nazo. Ukuba uhlakulele imeko enkulu yonyango, nangona kunjalo, kunye ne-HSA eyakhiweyo inokubonelela ngeyona nkxaso enkulu ekuncedeni le nkcitho enkulu.
Ngaphantsi kwimiba eyahlukileyo phakathi kwe-HSA ne-FSA
Nangona ii-HSAs kunye ne-FSA zithathwa njengendlela zokunciphisa inani leerhafu ozihlawulayo, kukho ukungafani. Njengesishwankathelo esifutshane, ezi zicwangciso ziyahluka:
- Ngubani ophethe iakhawunti
- Ukufaneleka
- Yintoni eyenzekayo xa ulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wakho
- Ngubani onokufaka isandla
- Unokubanceda njani
- Ngubani ojongene nokurhoxisa, kwaye ngubani ojongene nokubonisa amaxwebhu ukuba isetyenziselwa iindleko zonyango ezifanelekileyo
- Ukuba ingasetyenziselwa ingxamiseko
- Ukuba ingasetyenziselwa ukukunceda ukucwangcisa umhlalaphantsi
- Ukuba unako ukurhoxisa imali ongayifakiyo
- Ukuchitha nokulondoloza
- Ingaba imali i-rollover okanye iphela ekupheleni konyaka
Ukuba ne-HSA okanye i-FSA yindlela enye yokunciphisa ingeniso ehlawulwayo ehlawulwayo kwiindleko zonyango. Nangona ikunceda, imali onokuyenza inokuba yinto engaphantsi kweendleko zakho zokuphuma ngaphandle kweentlawulo xa unesifo sengqondo esibalulekileyo. Usenokukwazi ukusebenzisa iidola-ntlawulo zerhafu kulezi ndleko ukuba imali engagqitywanga yi-FSA okanye i-HSA yakho ingaphezulu kweepesenti ezili-10 zomvuzo wakho opheleleyo. Funda kabanzi malunga nokuditywa kweendleko zonyango kwiirhafu
> Umthombo:
> INkonzo yeNgeniso yangaphakathi. Inani leNhloko: Ii-502-zezoNyango kunye nezoNyango. https://www.irs.gov/taxtopics/tc502