UMthetho we- Inshurensi yokuPhathwa kweeNtshumo-mali kunye noXanduva lwaMthetho wenziwa ngo-1996. Uphotyelwa yi-Ofisi yamaLungelo oLuntu woRhulumente wase-United States. Yisetyenziselwa izikhokelo zomgaqo-nkqubo ezidalwe ukuvumela abasebenzi ukuba bathathe i-inshorensi yabo yezobisi kunye nabo xa bemshiya umqeshi, avumela abantu ukuba bafikelele kwi-inshuwalense yezonyango naphezu kweemeko zangaphambili (phantsi kweemeko ezithile), kunye nokuseka imigangatho yemfihlo yesigulane sempilo ulwazi.
- Umthetho we- HIPAA woBucala ukhusela ubumfihlo bodwa ulwazi oluthile lwezempilo.
- Umthetho we-HIPAA woKhuseleko ubeka imigangatho kazwelonke yokukhusela ulwazi lwezempilo lwe-elektroniki.
Kufuneka ngumthetho ukuba unikeze i-HIPAA imfundo noqeqesho kubantu abasebenza kwiinkampani zonyango ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwenkcazo yobumfihlo kunye nokukhuselwa kolwazi lwezempilo olukhuselekile. Amaziko ahlahliweyo kufuneka aqeqeshe onke amalungu omsebenzi kwiinkqubo kunye neenkqubo ze-HIPAA.
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I-HIPAA Umgaqo WobumfihloImigangatho yoBucala boLwazi lwezeMpilo oluNaziweyo (iMithetho yoBucala) yenzelwe ukujongana ngqo nokukhuselwa kolwazi lomntu ngamnye lwempilo. Kubalulekile ukuba ubukhulu beofisi yakho yezobugqirha ukugcina ukuthotyelwa kwe-HIPAA.
Ngubani Ofihliweyo Ngomthetho Wobumfihlo?
- Izicwangciso zeMpilo
- Ababoneleli ngezeMpilo
- IiNkonzo zokuLondolozwa kwezeMpilo
Ibhunga elikhutshweyo, njengoko kuchaziwe kwi-HIPAA, linokuba isicwangciso se-inshorensi yempilo, indlu yokucoca ukunakekelwa kwempilo okanye umboneleli wezempilo ohambisa ulwazi lwezempilo olukhuselekileyo kwaye lunokuba yimibutho, amaziko okanye abantu.
Oogqirha kunye nabanye abaqeqeshi bezempilo abasebenza nezigulane kunye neirekhodi zabo zonyango eziyimfihlo kufuneka zihambelane nemigaqo-nkqubo, iinkqubo, kunye nemithetho eyenzelwe ukukhusela ubumfihlo begulane kunye nemfihlo. Bonke ababoneleli-zonyango banembopheleleko yokugcina abasebenzi babo baqeqeshiwe kunye nolwazi malunga nokuthotyelwa kwe-HIPAA . Kungakhathaliseki ukuba ngenjongo okanye ngokukhawuleza, ukudalulwa okungagunyazisiyo kwe-PHI kuthathwa njengephulo lwe-HIPAA.
- Ma shishini
Umntu onxulumene neshishini, njengoko kuchazwe yi-HIPAA, nawuphi na umntu okanye iqumrhu eliqhuba ibhiziniselwano equka ukusetyenziswa okanye ukudalulwa kolwazi lwezempilo olukhuselekile egameni lequmrhu elikhuselekileyo kwaye akusiyo umsebenzi weziko elikhuselekileyo.
Ziziphi iinkcukacha ezikhuselweyo?
I-PHI okanye iNgcaciso yezeMpilo ekhuselekileyo ibhekisela kuyo nayiphi na inkcazelo yokufumanisa ngokwamanye amazwe efakwe kwirekhodi yesigulane yesigulane esithunyelwa okanye igcinwe nangaluphi na uhlobo.
Ukusetyenziswa kunye nokuValiswa
Ibhunga elikhuselekileyo lingasebenzisa okanye lichaze ulwazi lwezempilo olukhuselweyo (PHI) ngaphandle kokugunyazwa phantsi kweemeko ezithile.
- Kumntu ngamnye
- Unyango, Intlawulo kunye neMisebenzi yezoMpilo
- Ukusetyenziswa kunye nokuValiswa kunye neNguba yokuVumelana okanye iNjongo
- Ukusetyenziswa okuNokwenzeka kunye nokuDalulwa.
- Inxaxheba yoluntu kunye neMisebenzi yeNzuzo
- Ulwabiwo-mali oluNcinci kwiinjongo zophando, impilo yoluntu okanye imisebenzi yokunakekelwa kwempilo
Isaziso soBucala
Abanikezeli benonophelo lwempilo banembopheleleko yokubonelela izigulane zabo ngeSaziso soBucala boBucala. Esi saziso, njengoko kufunwa yi-HIPAA Private Rule, sinikeza izigulane ilungelo lokufumana ulwazi malunga namalungelo abo abucala njengoko kuhambelana nolwazi lwabo lwezempilo olukhuselekile (PHI).
Isaziso sifanele sichaze ulwazi oluthile ngokulula ukuqonda imigangatho:
- Indlela umniki-benzisi oza kusebenzisa ngayo kwaye achaze i-PHI
- Amagulane amalungelo anxulumene nePHI yawo
- Ingxelo ekwazisa isigulane semithetho efuna umboneleli ukuba agcine ubumfihlo be-PHI yabo
- Ngaba izigulane ziyakwazi ukudibanisa ngolwazi olungaphezulu malunga nomgaqo-nkqubo we-ngasese
Ukuthotyelwa kunye nezohlwayo zokungahambisani
Izigwebo zeMali
- I $ 100 ngokuhluleka ukuthobela
- Amawaka angama-25,000 angama-25,000 ngonyaka ukwenzela ukuphulwa kweemfuno ezininzi
Izigwebo zoLwaphulo-mthetho (ngenxa yokufumana ngokufanelekileyo okanye ukudalula i-PHI ngokuphula i-HIPAA)
- Iifayili ezingama-50,000 zize zifike entolongweni
- I-100,000 eyi-$ 000 efanelekileyo kwaye ibe yiminyaka emihlanu entolongweni (ukuba ukuphulwa kukubandakanya ubuxoki)
- Iifayili ezingama-250,000 ezifanelekileyo kunye nokufikelela entolongweni iminyaka elishumi (ukuba ukuphulwa kubandakanya injongo yokuthengisa, ukudlulisa okanye ukusebenzisa i-PHI)
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I-HIPAA yoKhuselekoImiGangatho yoKhuselo yoKhuselo lweNkcukacha zezeMpilo eziKhuselekileyo (uMgaqo woKhuseleko)
Ukhuseleko lweHIPAA lubhekisela ekumiseni izikhuselo ze- PHI kunoma iyiphi na ifomathi yekhompyutha. Oku kuquka nayiphi na ingcaciso esetyenziswayo, igcinwe okanye idluliselwe ngekhompyutha. Naliphina indawo echazwe yi-HIPAA njengenhlangano ekhuselekileyo inexanduva lokuqinisekisa ubumfihlo kunye nokukhuselwa kolwazi lomguli kunye nokugcina imfihlo ye-PHI yabo.
Ngubani Ofihliweyo nguMthetho woKhuseleko?
- Izicwangciso zeMpilo
- Ababoneleli ngezeMpilo
- IiNkonzo zokuLondolozwa kwezeMpilo
Ibhunga elikhutshweyo, njengoko kuchaziwe kwi-HIPAA, linokuba isicwangciso se-inshorensi yempilo, indlu yokucoca ukunakekelwa kwempilo okanye umboneleli wezempilo ohambisa ulwazi lwezempilo olukhuselekileyo kwaye lunokuba yimibutho, amaziko okanye abantu.
- Ma shishini
Umntu onxulumene neshishini, njengoko kuchazwe yi-HIPAA, nawuphi na umntu okanye iqumrhu eliqhuba ibhiziniselwano equka ukusetyenziswa okanye ukudalulwa kolwazi lwezempilo olukhuselekile egameni lequmrhu elikhuselekileyo kwaye akusiyo umsebenzi weziko elikhuselekileyo.
Ziziphi iinkcukacha ezikhuselweyo?
I-elektroniki ye-PHI okanye iNgcaciso yezeMpilo eVikelekileyo ibhekisela kuyo nayiphi na inkcazelo yokwazisa ngabanye ifakwe kwingxelo yesigulane yesigulane esadluliselwayo okanye igcinwe nangaluphi na uhlobo. Umgaqo wokhuseleko awubandakanyi i-PHI idluliselwa ngomlomo okanye ngokubhaliweyo.
Ukwenza lula ukuLawula
Amalungiselelo okulula okulawula i-HIPAA amisela imigangatho kazwelonke yokukhusela ulwazi lwezempilo olukhuselweyo ngekhompyutha. Oku kubandakanya imithetho nemigangatho yokuthengiselana kunye neefowuni zeefowuni kunye neenkcukacha zabaqashi nababoneleli.
UkuThengiswa kunye neMigangatho yokuPhatha kweMigaqo
Imirhumo eqhelekileyo ye-Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) yedatha yolondolozo lwempilo ibandakanya amabango kwaye idibana nolwazi, ukuhlawula kunye nokunikezelwa kweengcebiso, isimo sebango, ukufaneleka, ukubhaliswa kunye nokutshatyalaliswa, ukuhanjiswa kunye nokugunyazwa, ukulungelelaniswa kwezibonelelo kunye nentlawulo ye-premium.
Ikhowudi esemiselweyo isetyenziselwa ukuxilongwa, inkqubo, kunye nekhowudi yeziyobisi zibandakanya i- HCPCS (Iinkonzo zenkxaso / iinkqubo), i- CPT-4 (IiNkqubo zoLugqirha), i-CDT (i-Dental Terminology), i- ICD-9 (Ukuxilongwa kunye neenkqubo zonyango zesibhedlele), i- ICD-10 ( Ngomhla ka-Oktobha 1, 2015) kunye ne-NDC (iikhowudi zeSizwe zeDrug).
Imigangatho yeziThengi zabaqeshi kunye nababoneleli
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka iNombolo yoLwazi lwabaSebenzisi (i-EIN) kunye neNgcacisi yoMboneleli weSizwe (NPI). I-EIN isetyenziselwa ukuchonga abaqeshi kwimigangatho ekhoyo. Ukuchongwa koMboneleli kaZwelonke okanye i-NPI yinombolo eyi-10, inombolo echanekileyo yokuchongwa esetyenziselwa ukuthatha indawo yabasebenzisi beenkcukacha ezifana neNombolo yoNgcaciso yoMboneleli onguNqobo (UPIN) kwi-HIPAA. Ababoneleli ngeenkonzo zezempilo bayafuneka ngokwemigaqo ye-HIPAA ukufumana i-NPI.
Imithetho yokugcina i-HIPAA ukhuseleko iquka ukukhuselwa kwiindawo ezintathu eziphambili.
U khuselo lo Lawulo
- Ukuphuhlisa inkqubo yokulawulwa kwezokhuseleko kubandakanya ukuphuhliswa kweenkqubo kunye neenkqubo, uphicotho-zincwadi lwangaphakathi, icebo lesimo esithile kunye nezinye izikhuselo ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwabasebenzi be-ofisi yezobugcisa.
- Ukunikezela uxanduva lomkhuseleko kumntu otyunjweyo ukulawula nokulawula ukusetyenziswa kwamanyathelo okukhusela kunye nokuziphatha kwabasebenzi.
- Ukuphunyezwa kweempawu eziqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi banokuqeqeshwa okufanelekileyo kunye negunya eligunyazisiweyo lokufikelela kwi-PHI.
- Chaza amazinga okufikelela kwabo bonke abasebenzi kunye nendlela enikwa ngayo
- Kufuneka ukuba bonke abasebenzi bezezifo zonyango kubandakanywa nokuphathwa koqeqesho lokhuseleko kwaye babe nezikhumbuzo ngezikhathi kunye nemfundo yomsebenzisi.
Ukhuselo lweMpilo
- Fayile i-PHI kwindawo ekhuselekileyo kunye nendawo yokusebenzela yabasebenzi (oku kuquka ukusetyenziswa kwezitshixo, izitshixo, kunye neebheji ezivulela iingcango) eziyekezela ukufikelela kubantu abangagunyaziwe nabangenayo.
- Ukuphuhlisa imigaqo-nkqubo yokuqinisekisa ukugunyazwa kokufikelela, ukulawula izixhobo kunye nokusingatha iindwendwe. Ukuphuhlisa nokubonelela ngemibhalo kuquka imiyalelo malunga nokuba iofisi yakho yezokwelapha inokukunceda njani ukukhusela i-PHI (umzekelo, ukucima ikhomputer ngaphambi kokushiya ingalindelekanga)
- Ukubonelela ngokukhusela umlilo kunye nezinye izingozi
ZoKhuseleko
- Misela uqwalaselo olulodwa lomsebenzisi kuquka amaphasiwedi kunye neenombolo zepini
- Yenza ulawulo lwe-logoff ngokuzenzekelayo
- Ukurekhoda nokuhlola umsebenzi wenkqubo yokuphicothwa kweenjongo
- Sebenzisa ukulawulwa kwe-encryption ukukhusela idatha edluliselweyo kwinethiwekhi
Ukuthotyelwa kunye nezohlwayo zokungahambisani
Izigwebo zeMali
- I $ 100 ngokuhluleka ukuthobela
- Amawaka angama-25,000 angama-25,000 ngonyaka ukwenzela ukuphulwa kweemfuno ezininzi
Izigwebo zoLwaphulo-mthetho (ngenxa yokufumana ngokufanelekileyo okanye ukudalula i-PHI ngokuphula i-HIPAA)
- Iifayili ezingama-50,000 kunye nokufikelela entolongweni omnye unyaka
- I-100,000 eyi-$ 000 efanelekileyo kwaye ibe yiminyaka emihlanu entolongweni (ukuba ukuphulwa kukubandakanya ubuxoki)
- Iifayili ezingama-250,000 ezifanelekileyo kunye nokufikelela entolongweni iminyaka elishumi (ukuba ukuphulwa kubandakanya injongo yokuthengisa, ukudlulisa okanye ukusebenzisa i-PHI)
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Iingcebiso zokuKhusela i-HIPAA- Thatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuze uhlale ungabhengezi ulwazi ngokusebenzisa incoko eqhelekileyo. Gwema ukuvelisa ulwazi ngolwazi oluqhelekileyo; Ukuxubusha ngolwazi ngesigulane kwiindawo zokulinda, iindlovu okanye iindawo zokuphakamisa; ukulahlwa kakuhle kwe-PHI; kwaye ukufikeleleka kolwazi kuya kunqongophala kwabasebenzi abanemisebenzi yabo efuna ukuba ulwazi. Ulwazi olusisiseko lunokubonakala lungabalulekanga ukuba lunokuthi luchazwe kalula kwintetho yesithethe kodwa kufuneka ukwabelwana kuphela ngesidingo sokwazi isiseko.
- Gwema ukuxoxa ngengcaciso yesigulane kwimimandla yokulinda, iindwendwe okanye iziphakamiso. Ulwazi olunzulu luyakwazi ukuvalelwa yiindwendwe okanye ezinye izigulane. Kwakhona qiniseka ukuba ugcina iingxelo zogulane kwiindawo ezifikeleleka kuluntu. Ekubeni iirekski zokungena kunye nezesi khululo ziphuma ngaphandle, hamba i-kilometer eyongezelelweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iikhomputha zigcinwa ngamaxesha onke. Abanikazi bamatshini kufuneka baphakanyiswe kwaye ipaneli yangaphambili ihlanganiswe ngokwemiqathango ye-HIPAA.
- I-PHI ayifanele ilahlwe kwiinqwelo zorhafu. Naliphi na uxwebhu oluphonswe kwinqwaba luvulelekile kuluntu kwaye ngoko ukuphulwa kolwazi. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokulahla i-PHI. Ukulahlwa kakuhle kwephepha le-PHI kubandakanya ukutshisa okanye ukutshisa. I-elektroniki ye-PHI inokulahlwa ngokususa, ukususa, ukuguqula, ukutshabalalisa, ukuqhaqhaza okanye ukutshisa.
- Kukho ubuchwepheshe obufumanekayo obulungiselelwe ukukhusela idatha yesigulane. Khetha ngokukhetha izixhobo kunye nesofthiwe ekhuselekile idatha phezu koxhumano olungenawucingo olubandakanya umlilo, inqindi-anti-virus, kunye ne-teysileji yokufunyanwa kwe-intrusion. Sebenzisa ukuqaphela ngokugqithiseleyo xa ufinyelela idatha phezu koxhumo olude. Iingcali ze-IT zincoma ukusebenzisa inkqubo ye-authentication system kunye neendlela zokuphepha kunye neephasiwedi.