I-Fluoride ne-Fluoridated Water Link kwi-Thyroid Disease
I-fluoridation yamanzi ichazwa njengokongezwa kweekhemikhali ze-fluoride zamakhemikhali-ngokuqhelekileyo i-hydrofluorosilicic acid okanye i-sodium-fofluoride-sodium-ukunikezelwa kwamanzi, ngenjongo yokuncedisa ukubola kwezinyo. Kuqikelelwa ukuba i-70% yamanzi eUnited States i-fluoridated. Oku kwahlukana neentlanga ezininzi eziphuhlisiweyo, kuquka zonke iJapan kunye neninzi yeYurophu yaseNtshona, engenayo iprogram ye-fluoridation.
Ukuchithwa kwe-fluoridation yamanzi asekuhlaleni eUnited States kuye kwaba yinkxalabo ephakamileyo yoluntu kwimiba ethile, kunye neengxoxo ezinamandla ezenzeka kwiindawo eziqwalasela ukuchithwa kwe-fluoridation, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, iinzululwazi zizama ukugqithisa iiprograms ezikhoyo ze-fluoridation.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwengxaki zizazi-zenzululwazi zentsholongwane-kunye nabaqeqeshi bamazinyo kunye namagosa ezempilo karhulumente - abagcizelela ukuba ukukhupha kwamanzi ukubonelela ngamanzi ngokukhuselekileyo. Isikhundla sabo kukuba amanzi ahamba ngamanzi-kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-fluoride toothpaste kunye ne-rinses yomlomo - kunokunciphisa kakhulu ukusabalalisa kweendawo. (1) Ngokwe-American Dental Association (ADA), ukuchithwa kwamanzi okunciphisa amanzi kunciphisa ukubola kwezinyo ngama-20 ukuya kuma-40 ekhulwini. Abagqugquzeli be-fluoridation bathi igalelo elibi elibi kakhulu lokuchithwa kwe-fluoridation ngumngcipheko we-men's fluorosis, ukuhlaziywa kwe-ejenti yezinyo ezenzeka ngamazinga aphezulu okuchithwa kwi-fluoride, kwaye ayilona mngcipheko wempilo, yinkinga yokwenza izimonyo kuphela.
I-fluorosis yamazinyo ityhalwa ukuba ifuthe ngaphantsi kweyesine kwisine yabemi abaneminyaka engama-6 ukuya ku-49. (3) Ukudibanisa phakathi kwamanqanaba e-fluoride kunye ne-fluorosis zafundwa, ukuchonga ukuba ziphi iinqanaba zokutshatyalaliswa kwe-fluoride ekunciphiseni okanye ekupheliseni le mpembelelo. Ngo-2006, iKomiti yeSizwe yoPhando yeeNqununu ezili-12 yamanyeneyo yancoma ukuba inqanaba eliphezulu le-4 mg / L lenkxalabo ye-fluoride kwimpahla yamanzi iyancitshiswa.
Emva koko, iMbutho YezeMpilo Yomhlaba yasungula isikhokelo sobunzima be-1.5 mg / L ye-fluoride emanzini okusela njengendlela yokuphepha i-fluorosis. (4)
Abachasene nefluoride bathi iifowuni ze-fluoride zixhomekeke ngoluhlu lweengozi zempilo eziye ngaphaya kwe-fluorosis. Bathi inzuzo ye-fluoride-fight fightings are questionable, ukuba uphando aluhambelani (okanye luye lwaphazamiseka yimpembelelo yoshishino lwamazinyo). Abachasi bathi kwakhona ukuba ukulwa kwamagalelo kubangelwa ukuvezwa kwezinto eziphezulu kunye nokuba ukungena kwe-fluoride akuyimfuneko. Bathi ukugqithisa ngokweqile akukwazi kugwenywa xa i-fluoride isesondlo samanzi kwaye ukuba ukuvezwa kwexesha kuvumela i-fluoride ukuba iqokelele emzimbeni, apho ingonakalisa ingqondo, i-IQ ephantsi, ibe neempembelelo ezinobungozi, kunye nemonakalo yethambo, phakathi kwezinye iziphumo zempilo. (5)
Enye yemibandela enzima kakhulu yimpembelelo yefluoride kwi-thyroid gland. Abantu abaninzi abaqapheli ukuba kwisahlulo sokuqala se-20 leminyaka, i-fluoride yayisetyenziswe ngemithi njengeziyobisi ezichasene ne-thyroid , ukunciphisa umsebenzi we - thyroid kwizigulane ze-hyperthyroid . Kufunyanwe iFluoride ukuba iphumelele ekunciphiseni okanye ekunciphiseni umsebenzi we-thyroid, ngokucutshungulwa kophando, kwaye umthamo ofunekayo ukunciphisa umsebenzi we -roid wawuphantsi- 2 ukuya kwi-5 mg ngosuku ngosuku lweenyanga.
(6)
Abachasene namanzi okuchithwa kwamanzi abachaphazelekayo bakhathazeka ukuba amanqanaba e-fluoride asetyenziswa ukuphatha i- thyroid engasebenzi ngokwemfuneko ye -exposure (1.6 ukuya ku-6.6 mg / ngosuku) eqikelelwa kubantu abahlala kwimimandla enezixhobo zamanzi ezifake amanzi.
Nangona iinjongo ezininzi azifumananga naluphi na unxibelelwano phakathi kwesifo se-fluoride nesifo se-thyroid, ezinye izifundo (7) zifumene ukuba i-fluoride ingabangela utshintsho kwi-thyroid, kuquka
- kuncitshiswe amazinga eT3
- ukwandisa amazinga eTSH
- ukwandisa i-thyroid (goiter)
Yintoni Okufunekayo Abagulayo Bakho?
Ingxoxo malunga nokuhamba kwe-fluoridation iye yahlaselwa iminyaka engaphezu kwe-50 kwaye iyakwazi ukuqhubeka kwikamva.
Ngezifundo ezikhuphisanayo kunye neziphumo ezingagqibekanga kumacala amabini, kucacile ukuba impikiswano malunga nefuthe le-fluoridation kwimpilo ye-thyroid iya kuqhubeka kwiminyaka emininzi ezayo, njengoko iingcali kumacala omabini alo mbandela zikhomba uphando oluxhasa izikhundla zabo kunye neenjongo.
Okwangoku, ngaba izigulane ze-thyroid kufuneka zenze ntoni?
Njengokuqala, ungahlala unolwazi. Ngcaciso yolwazi lwepro-fluoride, iqela lokuqala elifanelekileyo li-American Dental Association's Fluoride neFluoration page. Enye yemithombo engcono yenkcazelo malunga nenkcaso yetsholongwane yeFluoride Action Alert, ekhokelwa nguDkt. Paul Connett.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, izigulane ze-thyroid zinokukhetha ukulandela i-ADA kunye neZiko loLawulo lweZifo (CDC), kwaye uqhubeke nokudla amanzi aphuculweyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemveliso yamazinyo e-fluoride.
Kodwa ubuncinci kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele isilumkiso se-CDC malunga nokusetyenziswa kakubi kwefomula yobusana ebuyiswa kwakhona ngamanzi aphuculweyo. Ngokutsho kwe-CDC, ukuba ngaba ngumthombo wodwa womntwana wesondlo, "kunokuba nethuba lokunyuka kwamazinyo ezinamazinyo." Ukunciphisa eli thuba, abazali bangasebenzisa amanzi aphantsi kwamabhodlela ngamanye ixesha ukuxuba ifomula yobuntana; Amanzi amabhodlela abizwa njenge-de-ionized, ahlanjululwe, ahlaziywe okanye adibene. " (8)
Kananjalo unakho ukufuna ukufumanisa ukuba i-fluoride ininzi ekunikeni kwamanzi. Ikhonkco elixhasayo kwiCDC, iFluoride Finder , inokukunceda ukuba ubone amanqanaba e-fluoride kwindawo yakho.
Kulabo bavakalelwa kukuba iinkxalabo eziphakanyiswe ngabachasi ziyabasebenzi, uRichard Shames, MD, umbhali wenani leencwadi kwiigciwane le-thyroid , kunye nodokotela odibeneyo waseHarvard oqeqeshiwe uthi:
Siyazi ukuba 4 okanye 5 mg ngosuku lwe-fluoride ininzi kakhulu, kodwa ingxaki kukuba akukho mntu uyazi ukuba bangaphi abantu. Abo basebenzisa nokusela amanzi amaninzi, bahlambe rhoqo, bahlambe emachibini, njl njl okanye basebenzise i-toothpaste okanye i-mouthrinses ye-fluorided, bangase batyeke kakhulu kwi-fluoride ngaphandle kokuyiqonda. Isinyathelo sokuqala sokuthabatha ukuyeka ukusela amanzi aphuculweyo. Uzakufuna ngaphezu kwe-carbon standard cannister filters yamanzi kule njongo. Kunoko, uya kufuna i-osmosis okanye i-distillation unit. Ndikwacetyiswa ukuba ungenayo i-toothpaste engeyiyo i-fluoridated, efumaneka ngokulula ngokujonga ngenyameko kwisitoreji sokutya sezempilo. Ndiyaqonda ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba abantwana abangasebenzisi i-fluoride banokuthi babe nemigodi engaphezulu, kodwa oku akuzange kubonakaliswe ukwaneliseka koogqirha. Ndiyakholelwa ukuba izibonelelo ze-fluoride, kubantwana, ziye zagqithiswa, kwaye ingozi iyanciphisa. Kwabo banomuva wokuba basebenzise iimveliso ezifuthwa ngamanzi kunye namazinyo abantwana babo, njengemicimbi emininzi yempilo, ukumodareyitha kuyintloko. Yisebenzise ngokukhawuleza kwaye phantsi kweliso elivayo, kwaye ungavumeli abantwana ukuba bagqibe iimveliso eziqukethe i-fluoride.
Imithombo
(1) uPeterers, P. et. Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwe-fluorides yokuthintela amazinyo kwiinkqubo ze-WHO: Indlela ye-WHO, "I- Dentistry Community and Oral Epidemiology , uMqulu 32, iNqaku 5, iphepha 319-321, ngo-Oktobha 2004,
(2) Umbutho wamaDental waseMelika, "Flouride & Fluoridation," I-Fact Sheet, www.ada.org
(3) iBeltrán-Aguilar, E. et. al. "Ukuxhaphaka kunye nobunzima be-Dental Fluorosis e-United States, 1999-2004," iNCHS Data Brief, Number 53, Novemba 2010,
(4) Fagin D, "Iingcamango zesibini malunga ne-fluoride". IScientific American 298 (1): 74-81. Ja nuwari 2008
(5) iConnett, Paul, "Izizathu ezingama-50 zokuchasana ne-Fluoridation, ngoSeptemba 2012," iFluoride Action Network, Online
(6) iGalletti P, kunye. al. 1958. "Impembelelo ye-fluorine kwi-thyroidal iodine metabolism kwi-hyperthyroidism. I-Journal ye-Clinical Endocrinology," 18 (10): 1102-1110. 1958
(7) uSusheela AK, et al. "Ukunyuka kwe-fluoride ukungena kunye ne-thyroid hormone derangements kubantwana abahlala eNew Delhi, eNdiya." I-Fluoride , 38: 98-108. 2005. IBhunga loPhando leSizwe. "I-Fluoride yamanzi okusela: ukuphononongwa kwenzululwazi yemigangatho ye-EPA." I-National Academy Press, eWashington DC 2006.
(8) "Umxholo: Ifomula yaseNtwaneni kunye neFluorosis," amaZiko okuLawulwa kweNtsholongwane kunye nokuKhusela, kwi-Intanethi