I-Dystonia iquka ukungqubuzana okungazibandakanyeki kwezihlunu eziqhelekileyo zisebenza ngokubambisana, ukwenzela ukuba inxalenye yomzimba ibanjwe kwindawo engavamile kwaye ihlala ibuhlungu ngenxa yoko. I-Dystonia inokuchaphazela nayiphina inxalenye yomzimba, kwaye inokubangela ukuhlazeka kunye nokungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Ngethamsanqa, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezinokuthi i-dystonia iphuculwe.
Ulwaphulo lweMpilo kunye neSebenzi
Ukubona umntu osebenza ngokwenyama okanye osebenzayo unokunceda abantu abane-dystonia bafunde ukusebenzisana neengxaki zabo, nangona kungabhekanga ngqo ingxaki. Abantu abaninzi abane-dystonia bafumanisa ukuba banako ukukhulula iimpawu zabo ngokukhawuleza ngokuthinta inxalenye yomzimba wabo ngendlela ethile. Oku kwaziwa ngokuba yi- geste antagoniste , kwaye enye yezinto eziyimfihlelo ze-dystonia.
Mlomo
Ngelishwa, amachiza ambalwa ayasebenza ngokupheleleyo kunyango lwe-dystonia. Ukungaxhomeki kulo mgaqo kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweBenadryl ukunyanga i-dystonia echithwa yiziyobisi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-dopamine ukuphatha iintlobo ezithile ze-dystonia, njengeSegawa syndrome. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, bonke abantwana okanye abaselula abanesifo se-dystonia kufuneka banikwe isilingo se-dopamine.
U-Artane (trihexyphenidyl) ungomnye wemichiza efundwa kakuhle kakhulu kwi-dystonia. Eli mayeza avela kwintsapho ye-anticholinergics.
Izigulane ezincinci zihlala zixhamla kakhulu kule nyeza. Abantu abadala bangaba neengxaki kwimiphumo emibi ye-anticholinergics, kuquka umlomo owomileyo, ukudideka, ukudibanisa, ukulahlekelwa kwememori kunye neengcamango.
I-Benzodiazepines, njenge- clonazepam , isenokusetyenziswa kwakhona, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokubambisana namanye amayeza kunye.
I-Baclofen, i-muscle ephumayo, ngokuqhelekileyo ayinakunceda kakhulu kunyango lwe-dystonia, kodwa inokuba luncedo ekuphuleni i-dystonia yomlenze, ngakumbi phakathi kwabantwana. Igalelo eliphambili lala mayeza liso.
Ama-agent e-Dopamine-depleting agents afana ne-tetrabenazine aphikisana ngqo nokunika i-dopamine, kodwa unokufumana indawo yokunyanga i-dystonia. Imiphumo emibi ibandakanya ukudandatheka kunye ne-dysphoria, kunye ne-parkinsonism. Ukuba ezi zonyango zisetyenzisiwe, amanani kufuneka akhuliswe ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.
Imithi ejoyiweyo
Kwi-dystonia ejolise kwiqela elilodwa kuphela lomzimba, iilenki zeesibisi ze-botulin ziyakunceda. Enyanisweni, kwezinye iindidi ze-dystonia, ezifana ne-blepharospasm (i-eye excessively blinks) kunye ne-torticollis yomlomo wesibele (intamo yedystonia), inyosi ye-toxin injini ibonwa njengonyango lokuqala. Kwi torticollis, i-70-90% yezigulane zabika inzuzo ethile. Izigulane ziphindaphindwa rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-12 ukuya kwezi-16. Ngaphantsi kwesi sicwangciso sonyango, imiphumo iya kuhlala iqinile kwaye iphephile iminyaka emininzi.
Iinjongo ze-Botulinum zisebenza ngokuthintela ukukhululwa kwe-acetylcholine, i-neurotransmitter ebonisa phakathi kweentsimbi kunye nemisipha. Oku kukhokelela ekubuthatheni kwemisipha. Imiphumo emibi ye-botulinum injections ye-toxin ibandakanya ubuthathaka obuninzi, obunokukhathazeka ngokukodwa xa ujojoza amehlo e-blepharospasm, okanye entanyeni nasemqaleni, njengoko oku kungakhokelela ekugwineni iingxaki.
Iilenki kufuneka zijoliswe ngokuchanekileyo ukwenzela ukuba zinyuse inzuzo xa zinciphisa umngcipheko weempembelelo.
Izinketho zokuphanda
Xa ukhetho lwezokwelapha luyaphumelekanga kwaye ukuba i-dystonia iyonakalisa ngokwenene ubomi bomntu, ukhetho oluchongiweyo lunokuqwalaselwa.
Kwixesha elidlulileyo, ezi zonyango zibandakanyeka ngenjongo yokulimaza okanye i-nervalal nerve ekhokela kwingqondo ukuya kwiimisipha ezichaphazelekayo (oko kunciphisa izihlunu kunye nokukhupha i-dystonia) okanye inxalenye yengqondo. Ngoku, abaninzi abantu bathanda isisombululo esincinci esincinci ngendlela yokuvuselela ingqondo ( DBS ).
Ukuvuselelwa kwengqondo ejulile kuboniswe kakhulu kwi-dystonia epheleleyo yonyango.
Abantu abahluphekileyo kulolu hlobo lwe-dystonia bahlala bebancinci, kuquka nabantwana. Iimpendulo zentshukumo yokukhupha kwengqondo ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. Ngokubanzi, impendulo ye-dystonia kuya kwi-DBS ayilungelelanisekanga kunokuba isabela kwisifo se- Parkinson kunye nokugubungela okubalulekileyo, kwaye ukuphuculwa kubonakala kuphela emva kweenyanga ezininzi unyango.
Ngeenyanga ezilishumi elinesibini emva kweDBS, ezininzi izigulane ezine-dystonia zibonisa ukuphucula ngokuhamba malunga nama-50 ekhulwini. Abantwana kunye nabantu ababenayo i-dystonia ixesha elincinci livame ukwenza okungcono kunomyinge. I-dystonia yesiqhelo ayifuni ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza ekuvuseleleni kwengqondo. Ngokufanayo, ukuba i-dystonia iholele ekuxhaseni ngokunyanisekileyo kunokuba iguquke ngokukhawuleza, i-dystonia ayinakukwazi ukuphendula kwisimo esichukumisayo sengqondo.
Imithombo:
UKathleen Poston, Uhlolo-nkcukacha lweeNtsholongwane eziManyeneyo, i-Continuum: Ukuphazamiseka kwemiqhubi yoMqulu 16, iNombolo 1, ngoFebruwari 2010
I-Mustafa Saad Siddiqui, i-Ihstsham Ul Haq, uMichael S Okun, i-Deep Brain Ukukhuthazwa kweengxaki zokuhamba, i-Continuum: Ukuphazamiseka kwemiqhubi Umqulu 16, iNombolo 1, ngoFebruwari 2010