I-Alopecia Areata yinkqubo yokulahleka kweenwele ezibonakaliswe ngokukhawuleza kweentlungu zokulahlekelwa kwintlungu kwindawo ecacileyo. Naluphina ubuso obunwele obuchaphazelekayo lunokuthi luchaphazeleke, kodwa indawo ebonakalayo yintlaba. Isizathu sokuthi i-alopecia isata ikhona ayaziwa ngokupheleleyo. Kwezinye iimeko, idibene nezinye izifo, kodwa ininzi ixesha alikho. Uphando luyaqhubeka ukufumana unyango olungcono lweli gama liye laphazamisa.
Izizathu zeAlopecia Areata
Kukho iingcamango ezahlukeneyo malunga noko kubangelwa i-alopecia areata. Iimpawu ze-Genetic zibonakala zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kuba kukho imvama ephezulu yengxelo yentsapho ye-alopecia areata kubantu abachaphazelekayo. I-Alopecia areata ibonakala nayo inento eyimimandla eyenza isigulane siphucule izizahlulo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zobungqina bentloko . Ezinye iikhemikhali eziyingxenye yomzimba womzimba obizwa ngokuba yi-cytokines inokudlala indima kwi-alopecia areata ngokuvimbela ukunyuka kwamathambo ezinwele. Ezinye iingxelo zibonisa ukuba uxinzelelo lwengqondo lungabangela i-alopecia areata.
Ukulahleka kweenwele kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba izinwele zentloko kwindawo eyingqondi zonke zifaka i-telogen okanye i-catagen yesigaba sokukhula kweenwele. Kwinqanaba le-catagen i- follicle yeenwele iyeka ukukhula kwaye kwisigaba se telogen iyawa. Ngokuqhelekileyo iinwele zihamba ezi zigaba ngokungaqhelekanga kunye neenwele ezikhulayo kuzo zonke iintloko zibala ngaphezu kweenwele eziwela.
Kwi-alopecia areata, into eyenza zonke iinwele kwindawo ethile zingene kwi-telogen okanye kwinqanaba leekati ngexesha elifanayo.
Ukubonakala kweAlopecia Areata
I-patch ye-alopecia isata ivame ukujikeleza okanye i-oval kwaye ijikeleze kwaye ilula. "Iimpawu ezimangalisa" zingabonwa kwinqanaba le-patch.
Ezi ziphukile, iinwele ezimfutshane ezithintela kwisiseko. Ukubamba kancane kulezi zinwele kubangela ukuba baphume. Abanye abantu banokutshisa okanye ukubetha okuncane kwindawo yokulahleka kweenwele.
Ukuxhalabisa kweAlopecia Areata
Inkqubela phambili ye-alopecia isata ayilungeleki. Abanye abantu balahlekelwa iinwele kwindawo encinane kuphela. Abanye bangabandakanywa kakhulu. I-Alopecia totalis yilahlekelwa yi-100% yeenwele ze-scalp. I-Alopecia universalis yilahlekelwa yi-100% yeenwele zomzimba. Ezi zimbini zimbalwa zezona ziqabile. Kwisininzi sezigulane, iinwele ziya kugqitywa ngokupheleleyo kunyaka o-1 ngaphandle kwonyango.
Ezinye iimeko zokulahleka kweenwele
Ezinye izifo ezingahle ziphosakele nge-alopecia areata ziquka:
- I-Telogen effluvium - ukulahleka kweenwele eziqhelekileyo ezibangelwa ukukhulelwa, ezinye iziyobisi, umkhuhlane omkhulu, okanye uxinzelelo.
- I-androgenic alopecia - eyaziwa nangokuthi i-pattern-baldness yamadoda.
- I-Trichotillomania - ngokukrazula ngeenwele ngenxa yokugula kwengqondo.
- I-syphilis yesiSekondari-kubangela iphethini "yokutya i-moth" yokuhamba kwesikhumba.
Unyango lweAlopecia Areata
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokonyango ze-alopecia areata. Ezona ziqhelekileyo ziyabonwa. Ukuba iqela lokulahleka kweenwele lincinci, kunengqiqo ukuyigcina kwaye ivumele ukuba iinwele zibuyiselwe yedwa.
Olunye ukhetho lusebenzisa isicacidal steroid eqinile njengeDiprolene okanye iTemovate kwi-patch. Kungathatha inyanga eziliqela ukuba iinwele zihlume kwakhona ngokusebenzisa le ndlela. Olunye ukhetho oluqhelekileyo lwe-thrapeutic yi-injection ye- steroid , njengeCelestone kwisikhumba se-scalp. Ukuhlaziywa kokuqala kweenwele kuya kubonakala kwiiveki ezi-4-8 kwaye unyango luphindwa rhoqo emva kweeveki 4-6. Isiphumo esisecaleni esisuka kuyo nayiphi na isetyenziswa se-steroid yincinci yesikhumba.
I-Minoxidil isetyenziselwe ukukhuthaza ukukhula kweenwele kwaye ibonise iziphumo ezamkelekileyo kwiimeko ezingama-30%. I-Minoxidil ayigcini inkqubo yesifo sokuyeka izicelo emva kokuba iinwele sele ziqale ukukhula zingabangela ukuba izinwele ziphinde kwakhona.
Olunye uhlobo lonyango lwenzelwe ukuvelisa i-dermatitis, okanye ukucaphukisa, kwisayithi ebonakala ngathi ikhupha izinwele. Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo isetyenzisiweyo ibizwa ngokuba yi-anthralin. Ezinye iziphumo zibonisa ukuba ukusebenzisa i-minoxidil kunye ne-anthralin endibaniselwano inokusebenza ngakumbi.
Ekugqibeleni, njengomlinganiselo xa "zonke izinto zingaphumeleli," iPUVA ingasetyenziswa njengonyango. I-PUVA yaziwa nangokuthi i-photochemotherapy. Kuquka ukuthatha uhlobo lweziyobisi ebizwa nge-psoralens (P) malunga neeyure ezingama-2 phambi kokuchazwa kwe-ultraviolet (UVU). Olu unyango lusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiimeko ezinzima ze psoriasis. Ukuqaliswa kweenwele zokubuyiswa kweenwele kunokuthatha unyango lwama-40-80 kwaye uzalise i-regrowth ukuya kwi-1 ukuya kwe-2 iminyaka.