Ukuba yizithulu kwiRubella

by UJamie Berke

Ngaba Kuya kwenzeka kwakhona?

Ukukhula ngeZithenga

I-Rubella (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-measles yesigxina) yintsholongwane yintsholongwane ebangela ukukhawuleza okubomvu, kunye ne-fever ephantsi. Ukuba kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwexesha lokukhulelwa, umntwana usenokuzalwa engenaluthulu. (Iintsana nazo zingazalwa ziyimfama, ezinengxaki zentliziyo, ukulibala kwengqondo, okanye ukukhubazeka kwengqondo, phakathi kwezinye izinto.)

Impembelelo kaRubella kimi

Ndisisithulu ngenxa ye-rubella yomama.

Ngo-1963-1965, kwakukho ubhubhane lwe-rubella e-United States. (Ngaphambi kokuba kuphunyezwe isitofu, iUnited States yayineengcipheko zesifo se-rubella.) Loo bhubhane ngo-1963-1965 kwavelisa amawaka ezintana ezintsiba ezifana nam.

URubella usenokwenza ezinye izinto kum. Yenza izandla zam ezincinci, kwaye kungenxa yokuba ndiphantsi kweenyawo ezintlanu ubude. I-Rubella yintsholongwane eyingozi kakhulu . Maphakathi ne-1990 ndafunda i-fact sheet ye-rubella echaza ukuba intsholongwane ye-rubella ingabangela ukuzalwa. Ndabona ukuba ndinelungelo lokuba ndizalwe ndiphilile, kwaye ndisisithulu.

Njengamantombazana amaninzi aseRubella azalwa emashumi eminyaka edlulileyo, ukungavumi kwam kwazanga kwacaca de ndibe ngumnyaka nesiqingatha ubudala. Ndayingxenye ye "Projekthi yeRubella" kwiYunivesithi yaseNew York. Ndaya kwiiofisi zabo ndaza ndavavanya ubunzima beengcali kunye nezinye izakhono. "Iibhola zaseRubella" ziye zaqhutyelwa izifundo ezininzi, kwaye ziyaqhubeka zilandelwa namhlanje njengoko zikhula.

Impembelelo yeMfundo yeRubella

Ubuninzi beRubella yee-60s zizalise izikolo ezikwizithulu, kunye neekholeji ezigqithisileyo ezithe tye.

Iimpembelelo zemfundo sele zibhalwe kakuhle kumanqaku kunye nezifundo. (Ukongezelela, xa ndibe ngumfundi we-NTID / RIT, ndabhala inqaku kwi-rubber bulge ye- RIT Reporter umagazini owawubhalwe kwakhona kwi-Summer 1982 ye- NTID Focus ).

Umthetho wokuHlukana noRubella

I-Rubella isuswe eMelika, ngokweWashington Post (Matshi 21, 2005).

I-Post yabika ukuba "Abantu abangaphantsi kwe-10 ngonyaka kulo melwano ngoku bafumana isifo esaziwayo ngokuqhelekileyo njenge-measles yaseJamani. Ukususela ngo-2002, onke amacala aye alandelwa kubantu basemzini abathwala i-virus evela phesheya."

Nangona kunjalo, ibali elihlukile kumazwe asakhulayo. Kuloo mazwe, i-rubella isengxaki ngenxa yokungabi nalutho lokugonya (umzekelo, e-Indiya, njengoko kuchazwe nguMagazini we-HEaring Health , Ehlobo 2004). Inqaku elifanayo leWashington Post lichaze ukuba ngokwe-World Health Organization, malunga ne-100,000 iintsana zizalwa minyaka yonke emhlabeni kunye ne-rubella syndrome yebandla.

Imibutho emibini ngokulandela i-rubella kumazwe angaphandle kwaye ibandakanyeke ngokuzimisela kwimigudu yokuyichitha i-Pan American Health Organisation (www.paho.org) egxile kwiMntla neMzantsi Melika, kunye ne-World Health Organization (www.who.int). I-WHO inephepha le-rubella kunye neemephu zehlabathi ezibonisa ukuba mazwe anje aphephe ngokuqhelekileyo i-rubella. Imephu endiyibonayo, ngo-Agasti 2006, yabonisa ukuba izithuba eziphambili zibe yi-Afrika ne-East Asia.

Rubella kwiiNgxelo zeBlogi

I-Rubella ibe isihloko sesithuba sokubhaliweyo sangaphambili:

Ufuna ...
Intsholongwane kaRubella isasemzimbeni

IRubella kunye ne-Sleep Apnea?

Ulwazi lweRubella Online

Imithombo emininzi yolwazi jikelele kwi rubella iyatholakala kwi-intanethi. Nazi zimbini:

Iziko leZiko leSizwe likaHenel Keller labaNtsha-Abangaboni abaziThulu kunye nabantu abadala (i-www.hknc.org) inephepha kwi rubella. Ngomhla ka-Matshi 2005, iCandelo lixhaswe kwinkomfa yerubella.
I-ADAM yeZiko leZonyango lijongene nekhasi elichaziweyo kwi-rubella, kuquka imifanekiso eqingqiweyo ye-rubella kunye nemiphumo yayo.

I-Rubella kunye neNgcwaphu Ulwazi lwabaphandi

Library yaseYunivesithi yaseGallaudet

Ilayibhrari ye-Gallaudet yeYunivesithi yase-Gallaudet iYunivesithi eWashington, DC, inamagugu amandulo malunga ne-rubella nezithulu ezitholakala nge-catalog.wrlc.org ukukhangela (uphando lwaphendulela izinto ezingaphezu kwe-40), njenge:

Vernon, McKay. I-Rubella kunye neNzentlupheko epapashwe ngo-1968 nguMbutho kaZwelonke weZiThulu.
Sigurjonsson, uJulius. "URubella kunye noThutho lokuBuquka." I-American Journal yeSayensi yezoNyango , ngoDisemba 1961, umqulu 242.
Hopkins, uLouise A. "Iintsana ezinokuziThathaka: Ukuthelekiswa kweqela lezingane ezizizithulu kunye ne-Sibs yazo." Ikopi ekhophiweyo evela kwi- American Journal of Diseases of Children , ngo-Agasti 1949, ivolumu 78, akukho. 2.

IiNgcaciso zikaRhulumente

Le mizekelo yombhalo we-rubella nesisithulu yafunyanwa kwi-PubMed.gov okanye ngo-Eric.Ed.gov. Ezinye zala manqaku zifumanekile.

"Isimo soMgangatho wezeMfundo kunye nePostsaryary Status and Employment of a Rubber Cohort." Amanqaku aseMelika weZiThulu , i-Spring 1990, umthamo we-135 inombolo 1, iphe. 22-6.
"Impembelelo yeRubella ye-Maternal ekuTheni nakuMboniso: IsiTyalo seNtsholongwane engama-20 emva kweSifundo seSiganeko." Ama-Annals aseMelika weZiThulu , ngoJulayi 1989, umqulu 134, inombolo 3, iphe. 232-42.
Iiprogram zePasternondary for Students Students in the Peak of the Rubella Bulge. Amanqaku aseMelika weZiThulu , ngoMatshi 1987, umqulu 132, inombolo 1, iphe. 36-42.
"Ukuzimela ngokuzenzekelayo kwi-Congenital Rubella Syndrome." Journal of Pediatrics . NgoMatshi 1984, umqulu 104, iNombolo 3, iphe. 370-3.
Ngo-1980, kwakukho inkomfa ye-rubella kunye nokuzithulu. I- American Annals yezithulu , i-volume 125, iNombolo 8, ngoNovemba 1980, inikezele ingxaki kwinkomfa:
- Ukuvavanywa kweNkqubo yaseMelika yaseGuinea yokuGoma
- Kodwa Ungangicingi: Iingcamango zabazali ngeNtlungu kunye neRubella.
- Abantwana abayizithulu-abaziimfama abane-Rubella yamaMern: Impembelelo kwiNkonzo Zabantu abadala.
- Iintlanzi kunye neRubella: Umngeni kunye neNkxaso yokuPhucula.
- Iintlanzi kunye neRubella: Iintsana ezingama-60s, abadala kwii-80s.
- Izimo Zokukhubazeka ezidibene ne-Congenital Rubella Syndrome.
- Abafundi abayiziThulu eziPhuhlileyo kwiiNkqubo zePesimondary: Izikhokelo zeeNkonzo zoCwangciso.
- Ukulimala kwe-Neurologic kunye neNgxaki yokuziphatha kuRubella abantwana.
- Iziganeko zabafundi abayizithulu abane-Rubella yabantwana: iKholeji kunye nezinye iindlela.
- Ukubonakaliswa kwesiThulu esiThulu -Sisiphene.
- I-Rubella-Yenza Ubungenangqondo: Ukugcina Injongo kunye neKhokhelo esichazayo.
- I "Rubella Bulge" kunye noCwangciso loQoqosho.
- Amanani abantu abenzi bokuSiphumo esiphumela kwiRubella Rubella.

"Ukunyaniseka kwabantwana baseRubella abayizintlu: i-Longitudinal Study." Ama-Annals aseMelika weZiThulu , ngoJuni 1980, umqulu 125, iNombolo 4, iphe. 505-9.
"Isisiphulu-UkuPhupha kunye no-1963-1965 uRubella Epidemic: Umngeni wokuThuthukiswa kwee-1980." Umbhalo woLungiso . Ngo-Apreli-Juni 1979, umqulu 45, inombolo yesi-2, iphe. 24-7.
"Imfundo yokuthelekiswa kweeRubella kunye nabafundi abangabonobumba baseClakeke School for the deaf." Amanqaku aseMelika weZiThulu zikaDisemba ngo-1976, umqulu 121, inombolo 6, iphe. 547-53.

"Impembelelo yezemfundo - ngo-1964-65 uRubella Epidemic eUnited States." Amanqaku aseMelika weZiThulu , ngoFebruwari 1972, umqulu 117, inombolo 1.
"Ukuthelekiswa kweRubella kunye ne-Nonrubella Youth Young Deaf: Impembelelo yokuFunda." Umbhalo weNtetho noPhando loPhando , ngoDisemba 1972, umqulu 15, inombolo 4, iphe. 734-42.
"I-Audiometric, uPhuhliso, kunye neendlela zokuFunda zeQela le-Rubella yeZiNtlanzi." I-Journal of Speech and Disorders Disorders , ngo-Agasti 1970, umqulu 35, inombolo 3, iphe. 218-28.
"Iifayile zoqhathaniso zeRubella kunye nabantwana abangaboniyo baseRubella." Amanqaku aseMerika aseNtsifo , ngoMatshi 1970, umqulu 115, inombolo yesi-2, iphe. 86-92.
"Ukufundiswa kweengqondo zezingane ezizalwe zizithulu emva kweRubella yeMernal ekukhulelweni." I-AMA Journal of Diseases of the Children , Meyi 1951, umqulu 81, inombolo 5, iphe. 627-35.

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