Zomibini zomthetho zineenkxaso-mali zeNkulumbuso, kodwa zihluke ngokucacileyo
Emuva ngoJanuwari 2017, iNdlu yeNdlu uSomlomo uParry wanika udliwano-ndlebe apho wathi "Isiphakamiso sokunakekelwa kwempilo yeRiphabliki" siza kuba ne-"tax credit refundable" -isistim esithi "siya kuba ngcono kunezibonelelo ze- [ACA]. "U
Iingcali zomgaqo-nkqubo wezeMpilo zikhawuleza ukubonisa ukuba i-ACA sele isetyenzisile iikhredithi zerhafu zeprayimenti ezibuyiselwayo, ezifana neendlela ezifanayo zenkxaso-mali eyenziwa yiRiphabhlikhi yeeNdlu kwi-American Health Care Act (AHCA).
I-AHCA idlulele iNdlu ngoMeyi 4, nangona kulindeleke ukuba iNational Senate iza kuvela kunye neenguqu ezahlukeneyo zebhili-mali, eziza kuxolelaniswa ne-House version .
Iikhredithi zerhafu zingenye yezinto ze-AHCA ukuba i-Senate ingatshintsha. Kodwa makhe sijonge inguqu ye-AHCA yokuba iNdlu yadlulela, kwaye sibone indlela iirhafu ezixhamliweyo zerhafu eziza kuqhathaniswa ngayo neentlawulo zerhafu abantu abaye bafumana phantsi kwe-ACA.
Yintoni "Inkokhelo Ehlawulwayo Yentlawulo Ehlawulwayo"?
Ikhredithi ehlawulwa yerhafu yinto enokuyifumana ngokupheleleyo nangona ixabiso elingaphezulu kwemali enetyala (xa kuthelekiswa, iikhredithi zerhafu ezingabuyiselwayo zingasetyenziselwa ukuhlawula umrhumo wakho werhafu, kodwa awuyi kufumana nayiphi na imali yerhafu yengxowa ngaphezulu kunye nangaphezulu koko uya kuba neentlawulo zerhafu engenayo). Ikhredithi ehlawulwa yerhafu inokuhlawulela into onetyala, kwaye ukuba kukho imali esele isele, i-IRS iya kukuthumela ityala leetyala.
Okanye ukuba sele usubole imali yokubuyisela imali, i-IRS iya kwongeza ityala lentlawulo kwimbuyekezo yakho.
Ngokomzekelo, masithi ibhanti yentlawulo yerhafu yengeniso i-$ 1,500. Masithi kwakhona wathenga ukuthengwa kwakhe ngokutshintshiselana, kodwa wahlawula ixabiso elipheleleyo le-inshurensi yakhe yonke unyaka, ukhetha ukubiza inkxaso-mali ye-premium (yentengo yemboleko) kwirejista yakhe yentela .
Ukuba kuvela ukuba inkokhelo yakhe yentlawulo ye-premium i-$ 2,000, i-IRS iya kusetyenziswa i-$ 1,500 yerhafu yengxowa kwerhafu yeerhafu, kwaye imthumele enye i-$ 500 njengesiqinisekiso sokubuyisela imali.
Yile ndlela iikhredithi zerhafu ze-ACA zisebenza ngayo, kwaye kunjalo nendlela i-AHCA yentlawulo yeerhafu eya kusebenza ngayo.
Ikhredithi yerhafu eqhubekileyo yinto enokuyifumana kwangaphambili, phambi kokuba ufake ifayile yakho yentlawulo. Ukuba ubhalise kwisicwangciso se-inshurensi yempilo ngokutshintshisiswa kwaye ityala le-premium yerhafu lihlawulelwa egameni lakho inyanga nganye, uyazuza ekubeni i-credits ye-ACA ye-premium yerhafu iyaphumelela (malunga neepesenti ezingama-83 zabantu ababhalise izicwangciso zokutshintshiselwa ngo-2017 zifumana iikhredithi zerhafu ye-premium okanye i-APTC).
Le yindlela kuphela yendlela iikhredithi zerhafu zinokusetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza ukwenzela ukuba i-coverage ifikeleleke kakhulu, kuba abantu beza kunzima ukuhlawulela ixabiso elipheleleyo lokufikelela kwabo kulo nyaka kwaye balinde ukubiza izicelo zabo zerhafu entwasahlobo elandelayo, kwiirhafu zabo zerhafu.
Qaphela ukuba iikhredithi zerhafu zahluke kwiintlawulo zedola. Ukuncitshiswa kukuvumela ukuba ususe imali evela kwingeniso yakho yerhafu, ngoko ukunciphisa isamba semali yentlawulo onayo. Kodwa ityala lemali yerhafu lisuswa ngokuthe ngqo ukusuka kwingxowa-mali epheleleyo.
Iingxowa-mali ze-inshorensi yezempilo zingancitshiswa kwezinye iimeko , kodwa kwindlela yokwenza i-inshurensi yempilo ibe nexabiso eliphezulu, i-$ 2,000 yerhafu yerhafu ibaluleke ngaphezu kwexabiso elingu-2,000 yerhafu.
Ngaba ii-AHCA zeNkxaso zeRhafu ziyahluka njani kwiAcA Credits Tax?
Masiqale sijonge indlela ii-credits zerhafu ze-premium zisebenza ngayo:
Ii- credits zerhafu ye-premium zifumaneke kubantu abanomvuzo wekhaya phakathi kweepesenti eziyi-100 kunye ne-400 ekhulwini lezinga lehlwempu (umyinge ophantsi ungama-139 ekhulwini kwintlupheko kwi-31-kunye ne-DC- apho i-Medicaid ikhulisiwe ).
I-credentius emva kwe-ACA yentlawulo yerhafu ye-premium ukulinganisa ii-premiums kubantu abazuza imali efanayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba bangakanani ubudala okanye bangakanani iindleko zempilo yomshuwalense kwindawo yabo.
Kwaye phantsi kwe-ACA, imbali yonyango ayinakucingwa xa ikhetha iiprayimari zobhaliso, ngoko ayikho into eyahlukileyo (yayisetyenziswa, kwiindawo ezininzi , ngaphambi ko-2014).
Ngoko phantsi kwe-ACA, iikhredithi zerhafu yeprayim ngokuqhelekileyo zikhulu kubantu abadala (abaxhamli beprayimari zabo zangaphambili), kunye nabantu abahlala kwiindawo apho inshorensi ibiza kakhulu.
Ngokomzekelo, ii-premium zamanani-mali apheleleyo (oko kukuthi, ngaphambi kokuba nayiphi iirhafu zentela zisetyenziswe) e-Alaska ziphindwe kathathu ziphakamileyo njengoko zikhona e-Utah. Ngoko umthamo werhafu we-premium e-Alaska yi-$ 848 / ngenyanga, ngelixa umyinge we-premium yentlawulo yase-Utah yi-$ 200 / ngenyanga. Kungenxa yokuba inqaku lonke le-ACA inkxaso-mali kukulinganisa ama-premiums emva kwenkxaso-mali kwilizwe lonke, ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantu abafumana umlinganiselo ofanayo bahlawula umlinganiselo ofanayo kwiiprayimari (i-Alaska inesimo esiphakamileyo sehlwempu, esinika abahlali khona uncedo oluthile olongezelelweyo kunye nama-premium awo).
Kodwa iikhredithi zerhafu ze-ACA zinqunywe ngokupheleleyo kuma-400 ekhulwini kwintlupheko. Umrhumo we-subsidy okhokelela uye wabangela iiproyamu ezingenakulungiswayo zeentsapho zentlupheko phakathi kwezinye iindawo zelizwe. Amazwe anokukwazi ukujongana nale nto (eMelika, ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka; iColorado yayingumlinganiselo ofanayo kodwa awuzange idlulele), kodwa i-ACA ngokwayo ayiyikujongana nokuthengwa kwamanani emakethe okuthengwa kwemali enemivuzo engaphezulu kwama-400 ekhulwini lobuhlwempu (ngombono, ukuba i-cutoff i-$ 97,200 yintsapho yezine ngo-2017).
Ngoku makhe sijonge indlela i-AHCA yeerhafu eziza kusebenza ngayo:
Ukuba iNguqulelo yeNdlu ye-AHCA yayiza kwenziwa, isakhiwo se-ACA siza kuhlala sihlala ngo-2018 no-2019, kunye nezinye iinguqulelo. Kodwa iikhredithi zerhafu ye-premium ziya kufumaneka ukuba zisebenzise kunye nezicwangciso zokutshintshiselwa ngaphandle, ngaphandle kwezicwangciso ezinkulu, ezizalisekileyo , kunye nezicwangciso zexesha elifutshane (ukwenzela ukuba izicwangciso zokutshintshiselwa ngaphandle, iikhredithi zerhafu ziza kubuyiselwa, kodwa zilungelelwanga; phambili phambi kwenkonzo yabo-njengokuba benzayo ngoku kwizicwangciso zokutshintshiselana-kwaye banokubango iitaliti zerhafu kwimbuyekezo yabo yentela).
Emva kowe-2019, i-AHCA ishintshe kwi-premiums net equation kubantu abafumana ingeniso elilinganayo, kwaye kunoko kugxininisa ekunikezeni izikripthi zerhafu ezilinganayo kubhaliso abaneminyaka efanayo. Le yintshintsho ebalulekileyo ekujoliswe kuyo. Esikhundleni senkqubo apho abantu bahlawula imali ebonwa njengexabiso elixhomekeke kwimali yabo engenayo, abantu baya kufumana irhafu yerhafu efanayo kunye nabani na omnye kwibhinki yobudala efanayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni imali engenayo, ukuya kwinqanaba lentlawulo yengeniso ye-AHCA. Ngamanye amazwi, "ukulungelelaniswa" kwezibonelelo ziya kuxhaswa ngumlinganiselo wenkxaso-mali ngokwayo, kunokuba kufuneke iimfuno zomntu ngamnye kunye neendleko zokubhengezwa kwindawo nganye.
Inkokhelo yengeniso yee-AHCA zemali zerhafu ziphakamileyo kakhulu kunokwakheka kwe-ACA. Iirhafu ze-AHCA ziya kufumaneka ngokupheleleyo kubantu abangabodwa abangenayo imali engama-$ 75,000, kunye nezibini ezitshatileyo ezinemali engenayo ukuya kwii-150,000 zamaRhafu (iikhredithi ziza kuqalwa ngaphaya kwala manqanaba). Ngomntu omnye, i-$ 75,000 yi-621 ekhulwini kwinqanaba lehlupheko le-2017, ngoko ke iikhredithi zerhafu phantsi kwe-AHCA ziza kunweba kakhulu kumgangatho ophakathi kunye neklasi eliphezulu-ngokukodwa ngokuqwalasela ukuba iikhredithi aziyi kuphuma ngokupheleleyo uneminyaka engama-60 ubudala kwaze kwafika imali engamaRandi ayi-115 000 kumntu oyedwa (umda ophezulu we-phase-out wawuya kuba ngu-95 000 wee-$ ezingama-29 ubudala).
Kodwa iirhafu ze-AHCA ziza kuba, ngokuqhelekileyo, zincinci kuneentlawulo zeerhafu ze-ACA. Uhlalutyo lwe-Kaiser Family Foundation lufumene ukuba iikhredithi zerhafu eziqhelekileyo ziza kuba ngama-36 ekhulwini amancinci phantsi kwe-AHCA.
Iindleko zeerhafu eziplani ziza kubonakala ngathi ngo-2020, kwaye ziza kubakholelwa kwi-inflation kwiminyaka ezayo:
- U- $ 2,000 ngamnye umntu ukuya kwi-29 ubudala
- U-2 500 $ ngamnye ngamnye iminyaka yobudala 30-39
- U-3,000 wemali ngamnye ngomntu ngamnye 40-49
- I-3,500 yeeyure ngamnye ngeminyaka yobudala 50-59
- U-4,000 weminyaka ngamnye ngeminyaka yobudala engama-60 +
- Iintsapho ziya kufaneleka ukufaka izicelo zemali zenkxaso-mali ukuya kwii-5 zentsapho ezindala, ezinama-$ 14,000 ngonyaka.
Ezi mboleko zerhafu ziya kuqhubeka zifumaneka ngaphandle kokutshintshana ngo-2020 nangaphezulu, ngenxa yezicwangciso ezingenakudalwa, ezinkulu, okanye ixesha elifutshane (ngaphandle kokuba kukho olunye ulwandiso, izicwangciso ezinkulu ziya kupheliswa ngo-2018).
Ubani Owunikelayo, kwaye Ngubani Oya KuLowo?
Ngokucacileyo, i-AHCA inenzuzo kubantu abanomvuzo ongaphezu kwama-400 ekhulwini lobuhlwempu, kodwa ngaphantsi kwe-AHCA yentlawulo yengeniso yerhafu. Abo bantu abafumani naliphi na inkxaso ngaphantsi kwe-ACA, kwaye baqala ukufumana enye ngo-2020 ukuba i-House House ye-AHCA iya kutyunjwa.
Kodwa kukho ukuxhalabisa kakhulu malunga nokufikelela kwenkxaso phantsi kwe-AHCA kubantu abaphantsi-mali, abantu abadala (abaphezulu babo abaya kuba phezulu ngaphantsi kwe-AHCA ye-premium banded premium ratio), kunye nabantu abahlala kwiindawo apho i-inshorensi yezempilo kubiza.
Kwabo bantu, i-ACA irhafu iyakhankanya i-bumps. Zikhulu kubantu abaya kubahlawula iiprayimari eziphezulu, ezibandakanya abantu kwiindawo ezibiza indleko kunye nabantu abadala. Kwaye zikhulu nakakhulu kubantu abaneemali eziphantsi, okwenza i-coverage ibe nexabiso eliphezulu njengepesenti yengeniso yabo.
Ezi khuselo ziza kuphazamiseka phantsi kwe-AHCA. I-CBO ingxelo malunga ne-AHCA (eyapapashwa ngo-Meyi 24, malunga neeveki ezintathu emva kokuba iNdlu ivotelwe kwilwayo-mali) ibonisa ukuba umntu oneminyaka engama-64 ubudala ofumana i-$ 26,500 / ngonyaka, ama-premiums ngonyaka aza kunyusa ukusuka kuma-1,700 e-ACA ukuya kuma-16,100 phantsi kweAHCA. Kukho kumazwe angafuni ukukhupha ii-ACA zokukhusela abathengi; kwizinto ezenzayo, i-premium ye-net iya kuba yincinci-engama-13,600 ayi-$ -6. Kodwa iingeniso ziya kuncitshiswa kwaye ukufikeleleka kwinshurensi kuya kuncitshiswa kubantu abaneemeko esele ikhona kunye nesithuba esikwi-coverage.
Ngokubanzi, abaphumeleleyo phantsi kwe-AHCA baya kuba ngabantu abancinci abanemali ephezulu kakhulu kune-average, ngokukodwa ukuba bahlala kwiindawo apho i-inshorensi yempilo isele ixabiso eliphantsi.
Abalahlekileyo baya kuba ngabantu abadala, abantu abafumana imali encinci, kunye nabantu kwiindawo apho inshorensi yezempilo ibiza kakhulu.
> Imithombo:
> Iziko lezeMpilo kunye neenkonzo zeMedicaid, Utshintsho olwandisiweyo kwi-Care Act engabonakaliyo-Iimigaqo-nkqubo ezihambelanayo , ngoFebruwari 2017.
> I-CMS.gov, i-2017 Indawo yokuThengisa i-Period Iifayile zoLuntu ezisetyenziswayo
> UJost T. Ukuhlola iNdlu yeRiphabhulikhi ACA Ukuphelisa nokubeka iMithetho. Matshi 7, 2017.
> I-Kaiser Family Foundation, iiNkcazo kunye neeKredithi zeRhafu phantsi koMthetho woNonophelo olungabonakaliyo nomthetho we-American Health Care Act: I-Map interactive. Aprili 27, 2017.
> I-Kaiser Family Foundation, Isishwankathelo se-American Health Care Act, ngoMeyi 2017.