Omnye wamaMizwa anikezelweyo ngexesha loPhando lwe-Anesthesia
Umzimba okhubazekile (ngezinye izihlandlo obizwa ngokuba yimisipha ephumayo) luhlobo lweyeza elenza ukuba ukukhululeka kwe-muscle okweqile kubangela ukuba imisipha yomzimba ingakwazi ukuhamba. Ngokutsho kweMedscape: i-Succinylcholine, ukuphuthuma ngokukhawuleza, ukusabalalisa kwexesha elifutshane ukusilahla, kuye kwaba yinto ekhethiweyo xa kufuneke ukuphumula kwemizimba ngokukhawuleza.
Kutheni kusetshenziswa i-Paralytics
Kwezinye iimeko, i-paralytics isetyenziswa njengenxalenye ye- anesthesia jikelele , ukukhusela ukunyakaza ngexesha lotyando.
Ukuba i-anesthesia yenza nje ukuba isigulane silale, besiya kukwazi ukuhamba ngexesha le nkqubo. Oku kuya kubangela imiba enzulu yonyango, osebenza kunye nezixhobo ezibukhali kwiindawo ezincinci zomzimba.
Ngexesha lotyando, kwanokuba intshukumo encinane kunazo zonke, ezinjengeemisipha, zingabangela ukuphosakela. Into efana ne-sneeze ingaba yingozi. Ngenxa yeso sizathu, ngokukodwa kwiintlobo ezithile zokuhlinzwa, kuyimfuneko ukuba isiguli singashukunyanga ngexesha lotyando, ngaphandle kwentshukumo efunekayo yokuphefumula.
Iziyobisi ezikhubazayo ziqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa injongo ezithile; umzekelo:
- ukubeka ityhubhu yokuphefumula kwi-windpipe
- ukuhlinzwa kwesisu
- ukuhlinzwa komqala
- ukuhlinzwa ezithile kwisifuba esichaphazela intliziyo kunye / okanye imiphunga
Izidakamizwa ezikhubazekayo zisebenza
Izidakamizwa ezininzi ezinokukhubazeka zisekelwe kwiyeza zeplastiki ezibizwa ngokuba yi-curare. Isityalo esizalwe eMzantsi Melika, sasisetyenziselwa ukukhubaza izilwanyana ngexesha lokuzingela.
Ngomnyaka we-1940, i-curare yayisetyenziswe njengesigxina kwi-anesthesia. Ukususela kuma-1950, abaphandi baqalisa ukwenza izidakamizwa ezikhubazayo. Nangona ezi zinto zincedo ekuhlinzekeni, ezininzi zazinokungalungi ezifana nokuqala ngokukhawuleza okanye ukungaqiniseki.
Izidakamizwa ezikhubazeka zikhulula izihlunu ukuya kwindawo apho kungenakwenzeka ukusebenzisa ezininzi izidumbu zomzimba.
Iimisipha zesithintelo, esinceda imiphunga izalise i-oxygen, ayinakukwazi ukuhamba, ngoko akunakwenzeka ukuphefumula. Emva kokuba unikwe imithi yokukhubazeka, i- ventilator kunye nethubhu yokuphefumula kuyimfuneko.
Olu hlobo lwamayeza lunikezwa nge-IV kwaye lufumaneka kuphela kwizibhedlele kunye nezixhobo zokugada. Izigulane kufuneka zihlolwe ngokukhawuleza, kwaye i-dosage kufuneka ikhethwe ngokuchanekileyo. Ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo kunye nokubeka iliso ngokuthe ngqo, iziphumo ezibi zingenzeka. Ezinye iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezibandakanya ukuquka intliziyo ngokukhawuleza, ukuphefumula ngokukhawuleza, utywala, intloko yesifo, intlungu yesifuba, kunye nokunyuka komzimba.
Xa utyando lugqibeleleyo, unyango lunikezelwa ukuguqula iziphumo zeziyobisi ezikhubazekileyo. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-acetylcholineterase inhibitors, neostigmine, ne-edrophonium. Njengoko izidakamizwa ezikhubazekayo, kufuneka ukuba i-dosage ifanelekile ukuphepha iimiphumo ezimbi.
Ziziphi i-Paraltic Do Do Do
I-paralytics igcina umzimba uhambe; abachaphazeli intlungu okanye imemori. Ngaphandle kwe-sedation, isiguli siya kuphaphama ngexesha lotyando kwaye singakwazi ukuhamba. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, i-sedation inikezelwa ngexesha lotyando lokumisa izigulane ukuba zingabandezeleka okanye zikhumbule amava okuhlinzwa.
Kudibanisa imithi yokweba kunye nomzimba okhubazekayo owenza i-anesthesia jikelele ngokuphumelelayo kwizigulane ezininzi zokuhlinzwa.
> Imithombo:
> Inkcazo, uChristopher. Jikelele i-anesthesia. Medscape. KwiWebhu. 2015.
> Raghavendra T. Iziyobisi ezivimbela i-Neuromuscular: ukufumanisa nokuphuhliswa. Umbhalo weRoyal Society of Medicine . 2002; 95 (7): 363-367.