Imilinganiselo ye-anthropometric yilezo ezibonisa ubukhulu bomzimba womntu - ubukhulu kunye nomlo. Le milinganiselo ngokuyinhloko ithambo, isisu kunye neesdipose (i-fat). Igama lidibanisa amagama ase-Greek anthropos (umntu) kunye ne-metron (umlinganiselo).
Imilinganiselo yeAnthropométric Typical
Ba nga ndakanya:
- Ukuphakama, ukuma
- Ukuphakama, ukuhlala
- U bunzima
- Umgca wecala
- Umlenze ukuhlawula umlinganiselo
- Umlenze ubude obuphezulu
- I-BMI (ubunzima kwiikhilogram ezihlukaniswe ngesikwere sokuphakama kwimitha)
- Grip amandla
- Isilinganiselo somzimba womzimba
UPhando lweNzululwazi
Imilinganiselo ye-Anthropometric ibalulekile kwiphando lwezenzululwazi kuba ukuba irekhodwe ngokusebenzisa iindlela eziqhelekileyo, iinjongo kwaye ayinakucinga kwimibono okanye kwiingcamango zenzululwazi ezibandakanyekayo. Ngezifundo zangexesha elide, amanyathelo athile asemgangathweni njengokwakheka kwinqeni inokuveza izinto ezibeka umngcipheko kwizifo ezinxulumene neminyaka ezifana nesifo senhliziyo okanye umhlaza.
I-Ergonomics Design and Industry
Kwizicelo zoshishino ezifana ne-ergonomics, imilinganiselo ye-anthropometric inceda abenzi bezinto ukuba benze ifenitshala efanelwe nomzimba womntu. Kwi-design design, i-anthropometry ibandakanya ukuthatha imilinganiselo efanelekileyo kumqhubi omdala omdala ukuvavanya iimoto kunye nezinye iinqwelo zokusebenza kweenkqubo zazo zokukhusela.
Imilinganiselo eqhubekayo iyadingeka njengoko abantu beguqula ukuphakama, ubunzima kunye nezinye izinto.
Njengoko inani labantu liba lide elide, ngokuqhelekileyo lwenzeka ngokutya okunomsoco, izinto ezisetyenziswe kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla kufuneka zikwazi ukuhlala nabantu abade.
Ngokufanayo, njengoko uluntu lubandakanya abantu abaninzi abangaphezu komzimba okanye abagqithiseleyo, ukuyila yonke into esuka kwiingubo ukuya kwiihlalo eziya kumlinganiselo wesisindo sokuphakama kwamanani okuphakamisa kufuneka kulungiswe.
Ukuba ubunzima bomntwana buphuma, izinto ezifunekayo kubantwana kufuneka zibandakanye ukuqwalasela ukuba ezinye zazo zinokuba ngaphezu komzimba. Ezinye iindawo zabantwana zikhula ngokukhula kwangaphambili kunye nokukhulelwa, okufuneka ukuba kuqwalaselwa xa kutyunjwe lawo maqela eminyaka.
Anthropometric Database
Kukho iinkcukacha ezininzi zeenkcukacha ze-anthropometric eziqokelelelwe kwiminyaka emashumi. Ngokuqhelekileyo ezi ziqokelelwe ekuqaleni ngumkhosi.
I-Army Anthropometric Survey (ANSUR): Ishicilelwe ngo-1988, inamakhulu amanyathelo ahlukeneyo kumadoda nabasetyhini, nangona ibuthathaka kwabanye abantu abajoliswe kuyo kunye nabantu abaphezulu be-BMI. Oku kunengqiqo njengoko bekuqokelelwe ekuqaleni kwimikhosi efunekayo ukuba ihlale phantsi kobunzima bomzimba othile, kwaye yayiza kubandakanya abafazi abancinane kunabesilisa.
I-NHANES: Uvavanyo loPhando lwezeMpilo kunye neZondlo luquka ukulinganisa komzimba, ukuhluka ngokwasemantwaneni kunye nabantwana abaselula kunye nabantu abadala. Ubukhulu, ubude obumileyo, ubude bomlenze ophezulu, ubude bengalo yangaphezulu, ukujikeleza kwengalo yangaphakathi, ububanzi besinqe, ububanzi besisu esisisigxina silinganiselwe kwizifundo ezininzi, kunye nobude bentloko kunye nobude bezintana. Le nyathelo ishintsho unyaka unyaka.
I-CAESAR: Isibonelelo seMelika saseYurophu kunye neYurophu Isalathisi ye-Anthropometry inezilinganiso zomzimba ze-3-D kunye nemilinganiselo yemveli ye-1-D yabangama-18-65 ukusuka ku-1998-2000.
Isetyenziswa kwamashishini amaninzi okuyila. ukuba uceba isitulo, idesksi okanye imoto onokufuna ukufikelela kule miqathango.no unokuqinisekisa ukuba umveliso wakho uza kusebenza kubantu abaninzi.
Umthombo:
ULouise GH Goh, uSatvinder S Dhaliwal, uThimothew Welborn, Andy H Lee, noPhillip R Della. "Ubuhlanga kunye noMbutho phakathi kweeNkcukacha zeAnthropometer ze-Obesity ne-Cardiovascular Risk kwabesetyhini: IsiCwangciso seSigqeba." BMJ Open. 2014; 4 (5): e004702. Ishicilelwe kwi-intanethi ngo-2014 ngoMeyi 22. i-doi: 10.1136 / bmjopen-2013-004702