Ukuchaza iMigqaliselo eyahlukeneyo enxulumene neSigaba 4 I-Cancer Breast
Igama elithi "metastatic" lisetyenziswe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ngomhlaza wesifuba , ngoko makhe siqale ngokuhlola iinkcazo ezimbalwa zemigangatho onokuyifumana.
Ukuchaza "iMetastatic"
Umhlaza wesifuba seMetastatic unye into efana nesigaba se-4 somhlaza wesifuba kwaye uthathwa njengesigaba esiphambili kakhulu somhlaza wesibele. Ibhekisela kwiisondo zomhlaza ezithe zagqitha ngaphaya kwesifuba kunye nakwezinye izithili zomzimba ezifana namathambo, isibindi, ingqondo, okanye imiphunga (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-metastase ezikude).
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufunde ngeyiphi na ingxelo ye-pathology reports, umzekelo, ukuvavanywa okubhaliweyo malunga ne-lymph node biopsy oye waba nayo, usenokubona igama elithi "metastatic". iinombolo-akuthethi ukuba unomdlavuza webele wesisu. Kunoko, i-lymph node metastases ibaluleke kakhulu kuba ibonisa ukuba umhlaza wakho unokusasazeka okanye ube yimetastatic.
Amanomdla angasasazeka ngeendlela ezimbalwa-ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ye-lymphism okanye ngegazi. Xa iintsholongwane zebele zisasazeka kwaye zifake i-lymphatic system eziqhele ukufika kuqala kwii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane kwaye zisenokuba ngumhlaza wesifuba.
Qaphela ukuba xa umdlavuza wesifuba usasazeka usengumdlavuza webele. Ukuba ufanele uthathe isampula yomhlaza kule ndawo uze uyibheke phantsi kwe-microscope, ukubonakala kuya kuba yintsholongwane yesifo somhlaza, kungekhona isithambo, isibindi, okanye amaseli.
Ngaloo ndlela, umzekelo, umhlaza wesifuba oye wasasazeka emathanjeni awubizwa ngokuba ngumhlaza wesifuba, kodwa kunoko "umdlavuza webele wesifuba kumathambo."
I-Cancer Advanced Breast
I-oncologist yakho ingasebenzisa igama elithi "umdlavuza wesifuba esiphambili" xa uthetha nge-tumor yakho, okanye ungayifunda le gama xa ufunda ngomhlaza wakho.
Isifo somhlaza wesifuba esiphezulu sisoloko sibhekisela kwiisondo zomhlaza ezisiqendu 3B okanye kwisigaba 4 (semetastatic).
Ezi zicubu zange zange zinyango, kodwa ezi ngonyango ziyakhathazeka kakhulu kwaye unyango lunokwandisa ubomi kwaye lunciphise iimpawu zomhlaza. Isikhathi sokuphila esinesifo somhlaza wesisu se-metastatic siphucula, kwaye kukho abanye abantu abaye basinda ixesha elide emva kokuxilongwa komhlaza wesibeletho se-metastatic.
Ukumelana nomntu ongabandakanyiyo
Ixesha lomdlavuza webele lomnyoyiko unesabisa, kodwa njengama-metastases ukuya kuma-lymph nodes, akuthethi ukuba umdlavuza unemetastatic. Umdlavuza webele wamathambo unomdla ubhekiselele nasiphi na umdlavuza oye wasasazeka ngaphaya kommandla othiwa "umgca wecala". Enyanisweni, isigaba esisodwa somhlaza wesifuba esingacatshangwanga singenayo i-carcinoma in situ okanye isigaba 0 somhlaza webele. Izigaba IA ukuya kwisigaba 4 somhlaza wesifuba zonke zibonwa ngumhlaza wesibeleko ongenayo.
Iintlobo ezinkulu
Kukho ezininzi iintlobo zesifo somhlaza wesifo se-metastatic, kwaye ngaphakathi kwezi nkalo eziqhelekileyo, zininzi ezahlukeneyo zamangqamuzana phakathi kwama-cancer ahlukeneyo.
Iisomdla zomhlaza zesisu ziqale zaphulwa kwiintlobo ezinkulu:
- Isifo se-Breast Breast Metastatic Intraductal - Intraductal, okanye i-ductal cancer cancers yilezo eziqala kwiiseli ze-epithelial (ulayini lweseli) zamadaka ebisi. Le yindlela eqhelekileyo yomhlaza wesifuba, ukubalwa kwamacala amane kwimihlanu. Kukho iincinci ezininzi ze-ductal carcinoma zesifuba kuquka i-tubular, i-medullary, i-papillary, ne-mucinous phakathi kwabanye. Ezi ziyakwazi ukuhluka kwixesha eliqhelekileyo lokuqala, ulwaphulo, nokunye okuninzi.
- Umdlavuza we-Breast Intralobular we-Breast Intralobular - Intralobular, okanye umdlavuza webele we-lobular uvela kwiiseli ze-epithelial ezenza umgca wee-lungle zemiphunga ezenza ubisi. Olu luhlobo lwesibini oluqhelekileyo lwesifo somhlaza webele, kubalwa malunga neepesenti ezili-10 zamanomdlavuza. Kuqheleke ukuba kwenzeke kwabasetyhini abadala kunye nezidumbu ze-carcinomas, kodwa oku kuyahluka ngokufanayo.
- I-Metastatic Inflammatory Cancer Breast - Ngokungafani nentsholongwane yesifo sebele, isifo somhlaza wesifuba esivuthayo sisoloko sisezigaba eziphambili zesifo ngexesha lokuxilongwa. Ezi khansela, i-akhawunti engama-1 kwi-100 ye-cancer yamabele, isoloko ibonakala njengobomvu kunye nokuvuvukala kwifuba kunokuba ihluke.
- Izifo zePaget - Isifo sePaget sibhalisa malunga neesentimitha ezintlanu zeengxube zebele zesifuba kwaye siphuma kwimidon ye-ingono. Ezi khansela zivame ukuqala ngokugqithisa okubomvu, kwintlaba, kwaye zihlala zihambelana nomdlavuza ongena emzimbeni ongaphantsi.
- Iintlobo ezingavamile zeCanscer Breast - Kukho ezinye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeekritha ezinokuvela kwibele, ezinjengezityalo ze-phyllodes, i-sarcomas, kunye nokunye.
De Novo Cancer
Umdlavuza webele we-No novo ubhekisela kwiisomdla zebele zomzimba ngexesha le-diagnostic yokuqala kunye ne-akhawunti kwi-five to ten percent of metastatic breast cancer.
Ngamanye amaxesha, i-metastases ifunyaniswa xa iimvavanyo ezifana ne-PET scan ziyenziwa kwinkqubo yokwenza umdlavuza webele. Ngokuqhelekanga, ii-sites of metastases zifunyenwe kuqala, ngaphambi kokuba umhlaza wesifuba ufumaneke. Ngokomzekelo, umntu unokuthi aphule, kunye ne-x-ray, i-metastases ingatholakala kwisithambo esingaphantsi kwesakhiwo. Umhlaza wesifuba unokufunyanwa njengenxalenye yokukhupha ukucacisa indawo yomhlaza wesiqhelo.
Ngomdlavuza
Uninzi lwexesha (90 ukuya kuma-95 ekhulwini kwelo xesha) umdlavuza webele we-metastatic umele ukuphindaphinda komhlaza wesifuba sangaphambilini.
Ukuphindaphinda emva komhlaza wesibeleko sebele kungenzeka inyanga, iminyaka, okanye kwamashumi eminyaka emva kwesisu sokuqala. Isikhathi sokuphindaphinda singanika i-oncologist ngolwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nomhlaza wakho. Ngokomzekelo, iimvumi eziphindaphinda kwiminyaka emithathu yomhlaza wokuqala ziba namandla ngaphezu kweengxwaba ezibuye zibuye emva koko, nangona kwakhona, oku akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Asiqinisekanga ukuba amangqamuzana omhlaza angakwazi "ukufihla" okanye kutheni aphinde avele. Enye ingcamango kukuba kukho ulawulo oluphakathi kwamaseli omhlaza, kunye neeseli zesifo somhlaza ezixhatshazwayo kunyango esiyisebenzisayo kwisifo somhlaza wesifuba. Ngesizathu esithile, la maseli omhlaza asinda kwizonyango esisisebenzisayo kwaye silala, silinde ukuqala ukukhula kwinqanaba elithile emva kwexesha.
Siyazi ukuba umdlavuza webele we-estrogen receptor positive kakhulu unokuphindaphinda kwiminyaka emihlanu emva kokunyanga kunokuba i-estrogen receptor negative.
Ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima ukuba wazi ukuba ukuphindaphinda kukuphindaphinda. Kucingelwa ukuba iidlers eziqhubekayo ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala emva kokuba unyango alukho okwenyani ngokuphindaphindiweyo kodwa kunokuba kuqhube umhlaza wesiqhelo.
Unyango lwe-metastatic cancer yombele kaninzi ufana noko ukuba umele ukuphindaphinda okanye umhlaza wesibeleko sebele, kodwa kukho ukungafani. I- tumor engummastatic ngexesha lokuxilongwa ingaba yintlonelo, kodwa oku akusoloko kunjalo. Ezinye iintlobo zesifo somhlaza wesifuba, njengesifo somhlaza wesifuba esibambelayo, sinokuthi sifumaneke xa sele sele sisetyenziselwa imitha.
ILizwi
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba nangona ama-khancari amabini anesifo somdlavuza webele we-ductal kunye ne-subtype efanayo, kusenokuba neyantlukwano. Wonke umdlavuza webele uhlukile. Enyanisweni, uninzi lwezonyango olutsha kumdlavuza zijongana nezinye zeengqimba zee-molecular phakathi kwama-cancer.
Esinye sezizathu kuba luncedo ukuqonda indlela yonke imhlaza ehluke ngayo kuba-ukuba akuzange kwenzeke-sele uya kuqala ukuva malunga nabanye abaye bajamelana nehlobo "olufanayo" lomhlaza wesifuba. Abahlobo abanentsingiselo kunye namalungu entsapho bangabelana ngamabali ngendlela umntu awazi ngayo kunye nomhlaza ofanayo onjengoko wenza ngayo unyango. Ezi mabali zingalandelwa ziziphakamiso ezingakumbi malunga nendlela umhlaza wakho kufuneka uphathwe ngayo.
Nangona umntakwabo womntakwabo wesithathu womntakwabo owayengumyeni wakhe wayenomdla ofanayo wesi sifo sesisu se-esrogen, oku akuthethi ukuba umdlavuza wakho unye okanye uya kuphendulwa kwonyango efanayo.
Wonke umntu uhlukile kwaye yonke umdlavuza uhlukile. Izibalo zingasinika ulwazi, kodwa ezininzi zale nkcukacha zahlanganisana ngaphambi kokuba unyango olutsha lwe-metastatic cancer lufumaneke. Unokudinga ukuba, ngamanye amaxesha, ukhumbuze ngobumnene bakho abahlobo ukuba ufuna ukunyanga unyango lwakho. Ikhefu.
> I-American Cancer Society. Iingqinisiso zeCans and Figures 2016. https://www.cancer.org/content/dam/cancer-org/research/cancer-facts-and-statistics/annual-cancer-facts-and-figures/2016/cancer-facts- kunye namanani-2016.pdf
> DeVita, Vincent., Et al. I-Cancer: Imigaqo kunye nokuSebenza kwe-Oncology. Ngomhlaza we Breast. Wolters Kluwer, 2016.