I-edema ye-Macema ukuvuvukala okanye ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwindawo ekhethekileyo ye-retina ebizwa ngokuba yi- macula . I-macula ifumaneka ngasemva kweso kwaye isinika imbonakalo ecacileyo, embindi. Yilona nxalenye ye- retina esisisebenzisa xa "sijonge" umbono wethu ukujonga ithagethi. I-Fluid ingayakha kwi-macula ukusuka kwimithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga. Xa i-macula i-edema ivela, umbono ophakathi uyaphambuka okanye wehla.
Izizathu
I-edema edema ingaba uphawu okanye uphawu lwezinye iimeko ezininzi. Isifo sikashukela sinesona sizathu esivakalayo se-macular edema. I-edema ye-macular iqhelekile kubantu abangakwazi ukulawula ukunyuswa kwegazi. Ezinye izifo zamehlo, ezifana ne-retinitis pigmentosa kunye ne-uveitis nazo zingabangela i-macular edema. I-edema ye-Macafa inokuba yinkxalabo yokuhlinzwa kweso. Amanye amachiza asetyenziswa ukuphatha i-glaucoma njenge-latanoprost (Xalatan) nayo yaziwa ngokuba yenze i-macular edema.
Ukuxilongwa
Ugqirha uya kuqala ukuphulaphula izikhalazo zakho kwaye enze iimbali zonyango, ezifana nesifo sikashukela okanye ukuhlinzwa okwangoku. Emva koko, baya kukulinganisa ubuqili bakho obubonakalayo ngokukuba ufihla enye iso kunye nokufunda iileta kwiteyesha yamehlo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-macular edema ibangela umbono ukuba uphawule. Oogqirha banokukunika uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-Amsler Grid ukuze ubone ukuba umbono wakho awuzange uphazamiseke kuphela kodwa uphambuke. Amaconsi amacandelo athile aya kulawulwa ukuze aphucule umfundi wakho ukuze ngaphakathi kweso liboniswe.
I-Macular edema kwiimeko ezininzi zinokubonwa nje ngokujonga i-macula yakho ngesibane sokukhanya kwesibane. Nangona kunjalo, kunzima ukubona amatyala amaninzi. Kule meko, i- OCT iya kwenziwa. Umfanekiso ovela kwi-OCT unokuvumela oogqirha ukuba bajonge ngamnye umqolo we-retina. I-Optical Coherence Tomography yimibuzo engeyiyo ingavumelekanga esebenzisa ukukhanya ukufumana imifanekiso apho i-macular edema ibonakala khona lula.
Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha bangasebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-daye-injection ukuze ukuphuma kwegazi kuhlaziywe nge-macula.
Unyango
I-edema ye-Macema iphathwa ngokuhlukileyo kuxhomekeke kwisisiseko esiyintloko. Umzekelo, ukuba isifo sikashukela esingalawulwayo okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi luyimbangela, unyango lunokujoliswa ekulawuleni loo migaqo kuqala. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu zinzima okanye ukuba ugqirha uxhaphazela ukuba i-edema ingabangela ukulahleka kombono okanye umonakalo, iya kunyangwa ngamachiza okanye iilenki.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, isidakamizwa esingekho-steroidal esichaphazelayo (ISSAID) sinqunywe ngendlela yokwehla kwamehlo. Oku kunokufuneka kuthathwe iiveki ezimbalwa kwaye ngezinye iinyanga ukulawula i-edema. Oogqirha baya kunika i-corticosteroids uhlobo lwe-headical drop eye okanye iipilisi zomlomo. I-Corticosteroids inokuthi ijojowe okanye ijikeleze iliso.
Olunye udidi lweziyobisi ezibizwa ngokuba yi-anti-VEGF (i-vascular endothelial growth factor) Iklasi elitsha elinobuchule lokusebenzisa iziyobisi ukwenzela ukunciphisa imilambo yegazi engafanelekanga kunye nokukhusela ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi entsha.