I-Glaucoma Ingumntu ongenakunzima wePrednisone
I-Prednisone yiyilisi esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ekuphatheni izifo zesibindi esisifo (IBD) kunye nezinye izimo ezizimeleyo . Nangona i-prednisone ingaba isebenzayo, ikwayi-steroid, kwaye oko kuthetha ukuba kuza kunye nemiphumo emibi . Imiphumo emininzi ye- prednisone iya kuncipha xa i-dosage iyancipha, kodwa ezinye iziphumo ezibi zingasigxina, kuquka i-glaucoma.
Amanqanaba aphezulu okanye ukusebenzisa ixesha elide le-prednisone kungabangela i-glaucoma, isifo esibi kakhulu. I-Glaucoma inokuba yintlungu, kodwa ingakhokelela ekulahlekelweni kwimbono okanye ekuphoseni. Oku kukhwankqisayo ukucinga, ingakumbi kuba abaninzi abantu abane-IBD baphathwe nge-prednisone, kodwa ukuhlolwa kwe-glaucoma kukhawuleza kwaye kungenabuhlungu . Kufuneka kwenziwe okungenani ngonyaka kunyaka na-IBD, kungakhathaliseki ubudala, kunye novavanyo olujonge amehlo. Ukuba ugqirha lakho liso lingenzi uvavanyo lwe glaucoma, qiniseka ukuba ubuze omnye, nokuba ngaba bengafuni ukuba ne glaucoma. Abantu abathatha i-prednisone kufuneka baxelele noogqirha babo ukuba nawaphi na amalungu entsapho anembali ye-glaucoma.
Sibanzi
I-Glaucoma yikwakhiwa koxinzelelo olushushu, olubizwa ngokuba yingcinezelo ye-intraocular, ngaphakathi kwiso. Olu konyuka kwixinzelelo lonakalisa i-nertic optic. I-nertic optic i-tissue e-sensitive in the back of eye ehlanganiswe nemibindi ye-nervous edibanisa i-retina kwingqondo.
I-nertic optic ibalulekile kwimboniso, njengoko idlulisela imifanekiso kwingqondo.
I-Glaucoma ifunyaniswa emva kokuba umonakalo kwimbilini ye-optic ivele. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-intraocular lungabangela ukuba umbono ungadluli kwaye ekugqibeleni ukhokelela kwimfama kwiminyaka embalwa. Abanye abantu banokunyusa ukunyamezela kwamehlo, kodwa akukho monakalo kwimbilini ye-optic, kwaye abanakuze bahlakulele i-glaucoma.
Nangona kunjalo, uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-intraocular lubonisa ingozi eyongeziweyo yokuphuhlisa i-glaucoma.
Iintlobo
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-glaucoma, kubandakanywa nesibini (ukuxhamla komnye umqathango okanye ngamachiza athile afana ne-prednisone), i-angle-open-angle, i-angle-close-closing uxinzelelo).
- I-glaucoma evulekileyo . Olu luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-glaucoma kwaye ngamanye amaxesha libizwa ngokuba yi-glaucoma enkulu. Kulo hlobo lwesifo, ukuhamba kwamehlo amanzi nge-eye drain (meshwork) kuyenzeka ngokukhawuleza. Umkhuhlane ke uyakha ngaphakathi kweso, ukwanda kwengcinezelo.
- Glaucoma yesibini. Olu hlobo lwe-glaucoma aluqhelekanga kuneyona ndawo evulekileyo kubantu bonke, kodwa luqhelekileyo kubantu abane-IBD abathatha i-prednisone okanye ezinye i-corticosteroids. Kungenzeka kwakhona njengenkathazo yenye imeko efana nokuhlinzwa, i-cataract, i-tumor, i- uveitis okanye isifo sikashukela. I-glaucoma yesibini ingaba yindawo evulekileyo okanye yokuvalwa kwe-angle.
- I-glaucoma yokuvalwa kwe-Angle . Kulolu hlobo lwe-glaucoma, inxalenye ye-iris ibhawuza amanzi ukusuka ekuphumeni kwamehlo ngokusebenzisa i-meshwork. I-Fluid yakha ngokukhawuleza, eyenza ukwanda kwenyameko kwisoxinzelelo lwamehlo, ubuhlungu obukhulu kunye neencyulo, umbono obonakele kunye nokubomvu kwamehlo. Ukuba ingaphathwa ngokukhawuleza, ubumpumputhe buya kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
I-Risk Demographic
Abantu abasengozini enkulu ye-glaucoma zibandakanya:
- Abantu bathatha i-corticosteroids
- Abantu baseMelika abaneminyaka engama-40 ubudala
- Abantu abadala kuneminyaka engama-60, ngakumbi i-Hispanics
- Abantu abanembali yentsapho ye-glaucoma
- Abantu abanemibono embi, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo senhliziyo, i-retinal detachment, iimvumi zamehlo kunye nokugquma kwamehlo afana ne- uveitis angapheliyo kunye ne-iritis
Iimpawu
Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-glaucoma ingaba khona ngaphandle kwempawu. Ngexesha apho iimpawu ezifana nokulahlekelwa kwipheripheral okanye kumbono wecala kwenzeka, isifo sele siphumelele kakhulu. Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo ngamnye ukuya kwiminyaka emibini kunokunceda ekufumaneni i-glaucoma ekuqaleni.
Abo bathatha i- corticosteroids bafanele bathethe nomboneleli wabo wezempilo malunga nexesha elingakanani lokufumana iliso lokuhlola.
Ukuxilongwa
I-Glaucoma ifunyaniswa ngeemvavanyo ezimbini ezilula kunye ezingenabuhlungu. Uvavanyo lokuqala luya kuhluthwa. Ugqirha ubeka amaconsi emehlweni agxotha abafundi. Xa abafundi bekhulu, ugqirha unokusebenzisa ukukhanya ukubona i-retina ngasemva kweso kwaye khangela iimpawu ze glaucoma okanye ezinye izifo. Xa amehlo ehlanjululwa, umbono ubonakale. Abanye oogqirha bamehlo bangasebenzisa izakhono ezintsha, ezifana nokufaneka kwezithombe ze-retinal, ezithatha isithombe esiphezulu sokujonga iso ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhlaziya.
Uvavanyo lwesibini luyi-tonometry. Ngethuba lovavanyo lokuqala lwe-tonometry (i-pneumotonometry), umatshini "uphaphaza" i-cornea ne-puff yomoya encinane kwiso. Ukuba olu vavanyo lubonisa naluphi na uhlobo olungavumelekanga olunye uhlobo lokuvavanya i-tonometry lwenziwa.
Unyango
Amaconsi asehlohlo asetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umthamo wetshezi kwiso okanye ukwandisa ukuphuma kwawo kwiso. Ezi ntlanzi kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngamaxesha amaninzi ngemini kunye nemiphumo emibi zibandakanya intloko, ukubetha, ukutshisa nokubomvu.
Utyando lwe-Laser lungasetyenziselwa ukususa ukukhutshwa okanye ukwandisa ukuphuma kwamanzi kwiso. Kwi-trabeculoplasty, i-meshwork ye-trabecular ivuliwe; kwi-iridotomy, i-outflow yanda ngokwenza umgodi kwi-iris; kunye ne-cyclophotocoagulation, iliso liphathwa ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kwamanzi. Imiphumo emibi evela kwi-optic laser ingabandakanya ukuvuvukala. Inkqubo ingadinga ukuphindwa.
Kwi-microsurgery, kuvulwa ukuvulwa kweso ukuze kuncedwe ukwanda kwamanzi. Olu unyango luvame ukusetshenziswa kuphela emva kokuba ezinye unyango aziphumelelanga. Imiphumo emibi ingabandakanya ukuvuvukala, i-cataract kunye neengxaki ze-cornea.
Imithombo:
U-Huscher D, uT Thiele K, uGromnica-Ihle E, et al. "Iipatheni ezinxulumene neentambo zeempembelelo ezibangelwa yi-glucocorticoid." Ann Rheum Dis 2009 Jul; 68: 1119-1124. 25 uJuni 2016.
INational Eye Institute. "Inyaniso NgeGlaucoma." Iziko zeSizwe zezeMpilo ngo-2011. 25 Jan 2016.
Rutgeerts PJ. "Hlaziya umxholo: umda we-corticosteroid unyango kwisifo sikaCrohn." Ukutya kwe-Pharmacol Ther 2001 Oct; 15: 1515-1525. 25 uJuni 2016.