Abadlali bezemidlalo abafazi bayaziwa ngokuba nomngcipheko ophezulu wokulimaza umgudu wabo ongaphambili , okanye i-ACL, ngelixa bathatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo yokukhuphisana. Ikhefu le-ACL izinyembezi kwiimbaleki zentombazana sele zifunyenwe zibe ngama-2 ukuya kuma-10 amaxesha angaphezulu kunamadoda angamadoda. Ukutshintsha kwengozi ngokuxhomekeke kubantu abafundayo, kuquka nemidlalo ethile. Iingcamango ezininzi malunga nokuba kutheni abafazi bekrazula ii-ACL zabo ngokuqhelekileyo kunokuba amadoda aphakanyisiwe.
Iingongoma zophando zakutshanje kwii-biomechanics (indlela yethu imizimba ifudukela ngayo) abadlali beentombi nabasetyhini. Iindaba ezilungileyo, njengoko uya kufunda, kukuba sinako ukuguqula ubuncwane bokulila kwe-ACL.
Iingcamango Ngokuchasana kwe-ACL Ukulimala phakathi kwamadoda nabafazi
Kuye kwenziwa uphando oluninzi ukuphanda iinyembezi ze-ACL kwiimbaleki zentombi, kwaye yintoni eyaziwayo kukuba kwimidlalo eyenza imfuno ebalulekileyo kwi-ACL , njengebhokisi lebhola, ibhola lebhola, i-cheerleading kunye nabanye, ukulimala kwe-ACL kufikelela kumaxesha angaphezu kweshumi eziqhelekileyo kwabasetyhini kunamadoda.
Ayikho imfihlo yokuba amadoda nabasetyhini bakhelwe ngokwahlukileyo, bahluke ngokungafaniyo, kwaye baneentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba. Kodwa isizathu sokuba ireyithi ye-ACL izinyembezi ihluke kuye kwaba yinto eqhutywe ngayo ingxoxo enkulu.
Ezinye iingcamango zi:
- Ulwahlulo lweAnatomic
Ukhohluko oluninzi lwe-anatomic phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini, kubandakanya ububanzi beentloko, i-Q-angle, ubukhulu be-ACL, kunye nobukhulu bomnxeba we-intercondylar (apho i-ACL idlula khona idolo). Uphando oluthile lubonise umahluko kule miba, kodwa kungekhona amandla okuza kuxela abantu abaza kuxhasa iAlex.
- Ulwahlulo lweHormonal
Kuyaziwa ukuba i-ACL ine-receptors ye-hormone ye-estrogen kunye neprogesterone, kwaye kuye kwacatshulwa ukuba ukuxilongwa kwe-hormone kungadlala indima ekutyaleni kwe-ACL. Le nto yayingumxholo ogqithisileyo, kodwa ezininzi izazinzulu ziyavuma ukuba umjikelezo wesini unomsebenzi omncinci, ukuba kukho nantoni na, ekukhuseleni kwe-ACL izinyembezi.
- Ulwahlulo lwe-Biomechanic
Ukuzinza kwamadolo kuxhomekeka kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Ezi zibini ezibalulekileyo ziyi-static kunye ne-stabilizers ye-knee. Ukuqiniswa okuzinzileyo ziyi-ligaments ezinkulu zamadolo, kuquka ne-ACL. Ukuqiniswa kwamadolo okuxininisa ngamathambo kunye neentoni ezijikeleze umdibaniselwano. Abasetyhini bafunyaniswe ukuba banemibono yokunyuka kwemibhobho yebhokhwe ekuboneni xa kuhamba, ukuxumla, kunye nokuhamba komhlaba-imisebenzi edla ngokubangela ukulimala kwe-ACL.
Ubungqina obugqithiseleyo bubonise ukuba amazinga okulimala kwe-ACL athatyathwa kakhulu ngala mahluko phakathi kwezinto ze-biomechanics zamadoda nabasetyhini. Ezinye zeentlukwano ziquka:
- Isikhundla sokufika: Xa abafazi behlabathi bevela kwindawo yokuxuma, bathambekele ekuhlaleni ngamadolo kwindawo echanekileyo, batshintshe amandla okuchaphazela emadolweni. Amadoda athambekele ekufumaneni ngaphezulu kwamandla empembelelo ngokufika ngamadolo abo.
- Ulungelelaniso lweValgus: Abasetyhini banyuke i-valgus angle yabo ngamadolo (ukubonakala ngokugqogqa) kunye nokunyuka kwendawo ekupheleni kwengcinezelo engakumbi kwiidolo ligaments ngenxa yolu lungiso.
Ukuthintela Iinyembezi ze-ACL kwiintlabathi zaseMzimbeni
Indlela esihamba ngayo (i-biomechanics yethu) inga guqulwa ngeenkqubo zoqeqesho.
Ezi nkqubo zoqeqesho "zifundisa" umzimba wethu ukhuselekileyo, ukunyakaza okuzinzile, okwenza ubuncinci bexinzelelo kumalungu. Ezi nkqubo zibizwa ngokuba yiinkqubo zokuqeqesha nge-neuromuscular.
Iinkqubo zokuqeqesha nge-Neuromuscular zinganciphisa ubungozi bokulimala kwe-ACL kuma-athlete amabhinqa. Ukuthintela iinyembezi ze-ACL kuye kwaboniswa ukuba kusebenza ngokusetyenziswa kwezi program zoqeqesho ze-neuromuscular. Ezi nkqubo zifundisa imisipha yezembaleki ukulawula kangcono ukuzinza kwamalungu abo. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa xa abafazi besenza iiprogram zokuqeqesha nge-neuromuscular, ingozi yabo yezinyembezi ze-ACL iyancipha phantsi komngcipheko wabantu abaqhawula i-ACL yabo (malunga nokukhawuleza kwimiba emithathu).
Imithombo:
"I-Slauterbeck J, et al." Ukulimala kwe-ACL kwabasetyhini: Kutheni ukungafani kobulili kwaye sinciphisa njani? "I- Orthopediki Namhlanje 23: 1, Julayi 2003.
Sutton KM kunye no-Bullock JM. "I-Ligament yangaphambili yeCigiate Ukuphakama: Ukungafani phakathi kwamadoda nabesifazane" J Am Acad Orthop Surgery. Ja nuwari 2013; 21: 41-50.
Hewett TE, et al. "Impembelelo yokuqeqeshwa kwe-neuromuscular kwiimeko zokulimala kwamadolo kuma-athlete amabhinqa: Ufuna ukufunda." Am J Sports Med 1999; 27: 699-706.