Iingqungquthela zengqondo zincinci ezincinane, malunga nobukhulu beembotyi ezincinane, ezikufuphi kwegciwane le-thyroid entanyeni. Ezi zintlu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni i-calcium emzimbeni. Nangona izifo ziyakuchukumisa le gland, umdlavuza awunakwenzeka.
Nangona i-greyathy gland kunye ne-thyroid gland ibelana ngamagama afanayo kwaye zihlala zihamba kunye, azixhomekeke omnye komnye ukuba asebenze.
Umsebenzi
Iintlanzi ze-Parathyroid zinoxanduva lokulawula i-calcium, into ebalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu ngenxa yomsebenzi wamasipha kunye nemisipha. I-calcium ilawulwa yihomoni ebizwa ngokuthi i-hormone ye-parathyroid, okanye i-PTH.
Xa amanqanaba e-calcium egazini ephantsi, i-PTH ivuselela ukukhululwa kwe-calcium kwithambo. Kwakhona kushukumisela ukubuyiswa kwakhona kwe-calcium ezintsheni ezithetha ukuba i-calcium encinci ixutywe emcinini. Ukongeza, i-PTH iguqula ifomu engasebenzi e-vitamin D kwifom esebenzayo ye vithamini D. Le fomu esebenzayo ye-vitamin D yandisa ukutyalwa kwe-calcium emanzini, okwandisa amanqanaba e-calcium kwigazi.
Xa amanqanaba e-calcium ephakamileyo egazini, izigulane ze-parathyroid zinciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-PTH. Oku kuvimbela ikhalsiyamu ukuba ixhomeke emathanjeni kwaye ivumela ukuba i-calcium ethe gqithwe kwi-urine.
Hyperparathyroidism
Njengezinye izitho kunye neengqungquthela zomzimba, umntu ongenakwi-parathyroid uhlaselwa zizifo.
Esinye isifo esiqhelekileyo esichaphazela ingqondo ye-parathyroid yinto ephambili ye-hyperparathyroidism, ebonakaliswa ngongqungqungquthela we-parathyroid ne-overproduction ye-hormone ye-PTH. I-hyperparathyroidism yeprayimari idla ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yesisu esinobungozi (esingenomdlavuza) kwelinye leengqungquthela eziphathekayo okanye ukugqithisa kwe-gland, ebizwa ngokuba yi-parathyroid hyperplasia.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, umhlaza we-parathyroid gland yimbangela.
I-hyperparathyroidism yesiSeko inokuthi ivele ngenxa ye-vitamin D. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukungabikho kwe-vitamin D kubangela ukuhla kwamanqanaba e-calcium emzimbeni, okubangela ukuba i-parathyroid gland ikhulule i-PTH. Izifo zengqondo nazo zingabangela i-hyperparathyroidism kuba uhlobo olungasebenzi lwe vithamini D aluguquki kakuhle kwi-vitamin D..
Ezinye iintsholongwane, njengomdlavuza wamaphaphu , zinokukhulula ihomoni ehambelana nayo kwaye ilandele ihomoni ye-parathyroid, ebangela iimpawu ze-hyperparathyroidism njengama-acry aches, ukukhathala, ukuxinezeleka kunye nokuqhaqha.
Hypoparathyroidism
I-Hypoparathyroidism, apho izigulane ezingabonakaliyo zingasebenzi kakuhle, zinokuthi zenzeke-nangona oku kuqhelekanga, ekubeni abaninzi abantu banezintlu ezine-cathy, ngakho-ke kudla ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Isizathu esona siqhelo se- hypoparathyroidism sinomonakalo kwiingqungquthela ngexesha lotyando lweentamo, njengaxesha lotyando lwe-thyroid.
Ezinye izizathu ezinqabileyo ziquka izifo ze-genetic zintsana, izifo ezithintekayo , isifo sesibindi esibizwa ngesifo sikaWilson, ukugqithisa isinyithi , okanye umhlaza osasazekayo okanye ulungelelanisa kwi-gathy.
Yintoni oku kuthetha ngayo kuwe
Ukuba ugqirha wakho uxolisa ukuba unengxaki ngegreyum yakho okanye i-calcium, uya kuthunyelwa kwi-endocrinologist.
Iindaba ezilungileyo yizona zizathu eziqhelekileyo zezifo ezinengqondo, njenge-primary hyperparathyroidism, ngokuqhelekileyo ingaphathwa kakuhle.
Imithombo:
Mills, SE. I-Histology kwi-Pathologists, u-Ushicilelo lwesithathu. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, ngo-2007.
I-Nussey S. Endocrinology: Indlela edibeneyo. Isahluko 5: Iingqungquthela zengqondo kunye ne vithamini D.