Inshsuksi yokukhubazeka kwexesha elifutshane ihlawula ipesenti yomvuzo wakho xa ukhubazeka okwethutyana, oko kuthetha ukuba awukwazi ukusebenza ixesha elifutshane ngenxa yokugula okanye ukulimala okungahambelani nomsebenzi wakho ukutshintsha ukuba imeko yokukhubazeka ingenxa yokulimala okuhlobene nomsebenzi). Ngokuqhelekileyo, umgaqo-nkqubo wokukhubazeka wexesha elifutshane unikezela ngama-40 ukuya kuma-80 ekhulwini lakho lomvuzo wesiseko sokukhubazeka.
Abanye abantu bane- inshorensi yokukhubazeka kwexesha elifutshane ngomqeshi , umanyano, okanye omnye umbutho wezakhono. Olu hlobo lomgaqo-nkqubo lwaziwa njengegcawu. Ungaphinda uthenge umgaqo-nkqubo ngamnye ngqo kwiinkampani zomshuwalense okanye i-agent, nangona ngokuqhelekileyo kuya kuba kubi kakhulu ukuthenga i-coverage yakho.
I-Inkonzo Yinshurensi yokukhubazeka kwexesha elifutshane
Ininzi imigaqo-nkqubo yokukhubazeka yexesha elifutshane inomxholo ofanayo jikelele. Wena, okanye umqeshi wakho, uhlawule i-premium yenyanga. Xa ugula okanye ukulimala kukuvimbela ukuba usebenze, ufaka isicelo ngenzuzo ngokuthetha nomntu kwisebe lomntu wenkampani yakho okanye ummeli wakho womshuwalense. Unakho okanye ungekho ukuhlawula irhafu kwimali oyifumanayo kumgaqo-nkqubo wokukhubazeka, kuxhomekeka ukuba ngaba iiprayimari zomgaqo-nkqubo zahlawulwa nguwe okanye umqeshi wakho, nokuba ngaba zihlawulwe ngemali engekahlawulwanga yerhafu okanye yerhafu.
Ininzi imigaqo-nkqubo yokukhubazeka yexesha elifutshane idinga ubungqina ogqirha wakho ochaza imeko yakho kwaye uqikelele ukuba uza kuchitha ixesha elingakanani emsebenzini wakho.
Oku kunokwenzeka, kuya kuba nexesha lokulinda phakathi komhla oshiya umsebenzi kunye nomhla apho ufanele ukufumana izibonelelo, nangona imigaqo-nkqubo yokukhubazeka kwexesha elifutshane inokukhaba kwiiveki ezimbini.
Umqeshi wakho unokufuna ukuba usebenzise ezinye okanye zonke iintsuku zakho ezigulayo ngaphambi kokuba umgaqo-nkqubo uqale ukuhlawula.
Xa ixesha lokulinda liphelile, ngokuqhelekileyo uza kufumana ipesenteji yomvuzo owamkelayo ngaphambi kokuba ukhubaze.
Umzekelo, ukuba uhlawulwe i-$ 1,000 ngeveki, kwaye umgaqo-nkqubo wakho uhlawula i-60% yemali yokukhubazeka kwangaphambili, uya kufumana i-$ 600 ngeveki. Imigaqo-nkqubo yexesha elifutshane ihlawula inzuzo phakathi kweenyanga ezintathu neyesithandathu, nangona ezinye ziza kunika ithuba lokunika ithuba lokufikelela unyaka okanye ngaphezulu (iintlawulo ziphela xa ukukhubazeka kuphelile, ukuba oko kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza kunomhla umgaqo-nkqubo ungayeka ukuhlawula iintlawulo). Ukuba usenako ukusebenza xa izibonelelo zakho zokukhubazeka kwexesha elifutshane ziphela, unokufumana ilungelo lokufumana uxanduva lokukhubazeka ixesha elide ukuba unomgaqo-nkqubo wokukhubazeka kwixesha elide, okanye unokufaka isicelo seNkxaso-ntle yoKhuseleko lweNtlalo, kuxhomekeka imeko.
Ukukhulelwa kunye nekhefu lokubeleka liyilo eliqhelekileyo kwiimfuno zentsholongwane yokukhubazeka kwexesha elifutshane. Umthetho weNyanga yoLondolozo lwezeMpilo kunye neMpilo (i-FMLA) ivumela iiveki ezi-12 zekhefu elingenakuhlawulwa, kodwa i-inshorensi yokukhubazeka yesikhashana ingasetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba umama omtsha ufumana ipesenti yokuhlawula kwakhe okuqhelekileyo ngexesha lokungenani inxalenye yekhefu lokubeleka.
Ngaphantsi koMthetho woNonophelo olungabonakaliyo, abaqeshi abaninzi kufuneka banikeze i-inshurensi yezempilo kubasebenzi besikhathi esigcwele, kwaye ixesha elizeleyo lichazwe njenge-30 okanye ngaphezulu "iiyure zenkonzo" ngeveki.
Ngo-2015, i-IRS yacacisa ixesha apho umqeshwa athabatha inzuzo yokukhubazeka (ixesha elifutshane okanye ixesha elide) libhekwa "iiyure zenkonzo" oko kuthetha ukuba umqeshi kufuneka aqhubeke nokubonelela ngeeninshurensi zempilo xa nje umqeshwa esacinga ukuba ngumqeshwa osebenzayo (qaphela ukuba i-ACA ayifuni ukuba abaqeshi banikeze nayiphi na inqanaba le-inshurensi yokukhubazeka, kodwa ukuba bayakwenza, kwaye ukuba umqeshwa uyamkela izibonelelo zokukhubazeka, loo mahora ahlala ebalwa njengeeyure zenkonzo).
I-inshurensi yoKhubazeka kwexesha elide?
I-inshorensi yokukhubazeka kwangexesha elide yenzelwe ukubuyisela inxalenye yengeniso yakho xa ukukhubazeka kukuthintela ekusebenzeni, kodwa kuya kuhlawula inzuzo ixesha elide kunecebo elikhuba elide.
Ukufihla kwexesha elide ukukhubazeka ngokuqhelekileyo akuqali ukuhlawula izibonelelo uze ungakwazi ukusebenzela ubuncinane inyanga, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ngokude unyaka okanye ezimbini. Kodwa emva kokuba izibonelelo ziqala, ziyaqhubeka iminyaka. Ngokuxhomekeke kumgaqo-nkqubo, banokuqhubeka baze bafikelele kwiminyaka yobudala.
Abasebenzi abaninzi bane-inshorensi yexesha elide kunye nexesha elide lokukhubazeka, kuba loo mveliso emibini inokusebenza ngokucwangcisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi okhubazekileyo unokufumana indawo yokufumana imali engenakuyingcipheko malunga nobude obupheleleyo bokhubazeko.
Umzekelo wemigaqo-nkqubo eyongezelelweyo iya kuba ngumgaqo-nkqubo wokukhubazeka wexesha elifutshane kunye nexesha lokulinda kweveki ezimbini, okuza kufaka i-70 yeepesenti yomvuzo wabasebenzi kwiinyanga ezintathu, kudibaniswe nomgaqo-nkqubo wokukhubazeka wexesha elide unemizuzu emithathu yokulinda kwaye ubeke endaweni engama-60 ekhulwini kwengeniso yabasebenzi ukuya kwiminyaka elishumi (ubude bexesha apho icebo lokukhubazeka elide liza kuhlawula inzuzo lihluka kwicebo elinye ukuya kwelinye, kodwa lilinganiswa kwiminyaka, kunokuba iiveki okanye iinyanga).
Ukukhubazeka kwexesha elide kuyabiza ngaphezu kokufihla kwexesha elifutshane, kuba ukuhlawuleka okunokwenzeka kukukhulu, kunikwa ubude bokuba umntu angayifumana inzuzo.
Indlela Imigaqo-nkqubo yokukhubazeka kwexesha elifutshane eyahlukileyo ngayo
Nangona iipolisi ezinokukhubazeka ezincinci zineempawu ezifanayo, ngamnye unokuthi ahluke ngokuthe ngqo.
Inkcazo yokukhubazeka: Ezinye iinkqubo zokhubazeko zexesha elifutshane zichaza ukukhubazeka ngokungakwazi ukusebenza emsebenzini wakho. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba "ngumsebenzi wakhe" iinkcazo zokukhubazeka. Enye imigaqo-nkqubo ichaza ukukhubazeka njengokungakwazi ukusebenza kumsebenzi nawuphi na, owaziwa ngokuthi "nayiphi na imisebenzi".
Inkonzo Lindela: Abanye abaqeshi baya kunikezela izicwangciso zexesha elide emva kokubasebenzela ixesha elimiselweyo, umzekelo, inyanga ezintandathu okanye omnye unyaka.
Ixesha lokulinda: Le nto ibhekiswa njengexesha lokuphelisa, kwaye lixesha phakathi kokugula okanye ukulimala, kwaye xa u-inshorensi yakho yokukhubazeka iqala. Uninzi lwezicwangciso zexesha lokukhubazeka zisesithuba esifutshane zinemizuzu engama-0 ukuya kwe-14. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iipolisi ezinexesha elide lokulinda libe nama-premium aphantsi. Izicwangciso ezininzi zokukhubazeka kwexesha elifutshane zinexesha elihlukeneyo lokulinda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhubazeka. Ngokomzekelo, isicwangciso sinokuba nexesha elisixhenxe lokulinda ixesha lokugula kwaye akukho xesha lokulinda kwengozi eyenzeka ngaphandle komsebenzi.
IiRhafu zoNcedo: Ixabiso lentlawulo liyahluka, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo liphakathi kwama-40 ekhulwini kunye ne-80 ekhulwini yempatho yakho yokukhubazeka. Ukuba ufuna izinga eliphezulu, kufuneka uhlawule i-premium enkulu. Eminye imigaqo-nkqubo yokukhubazeka kwexesha elifutshane iguqula amaxabiso omvuzo ngexesha lokuxhamla. Umzekelo, umgaqo-nkqubo wakho unokuhlawula i-80% kwiiveki zokuqala zokukhubazeka kwaye emva kwe-50% intsalela yexesha lakho lokuxhamla.
Iimviwo zemiSebenzi: Imigaqo -nkqubo yokukhubazeka kwexesha elifutshane ihloselwe ukubuyisela inxalenye yengeniso yakho xa ungeke usebenze ixesha elifutshane, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya ezintandathu. Eminye imigaqo-nkqubo yokukhubazeka kwexesha elifutshane iya kuqhubeka nokuhlawula inzuzo ukuya kwiminyaka emibini, kodwa ezo ziqhelekileyo (qaphela ukuba ukufihla kwexesha elide, elichazwe ngasentla, luhlobo oluthile lomgaqo-nkqubo oya kuqhubeka nokuhlawula iintlawulo ukuya kwiiqela iminyaka okanye ukuya kuma-65 phantsi kwezicwangciso ezithile; inshurensi yokukhubazeka yesikhathi eside ibiza kakhulu kune-inshorensi yokukhubazeka kwexesha elifutshane). Umgaqo-nkqubo wakho wokukhubazeka wexesha elifutshane unokukuvumela ukuba ubuyele emsebenzini kumatyala. Umzekelo, umgaqo-nkqubo wakho unokukunika ithuba lokuvavanya iiveki ezimbini. Ukuba ubuya emsebenzini ukuya ngaphantsi kweeveki ezimbini kwaye ufumanisa ukuba awukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wakho ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwakho, umgaqo-nkqubo uza kukuvumela ukuba uqhubeke nezibonelelo zakho ngokungathi awubuyelanga emsebenzini.
Utshintsho kwi-premium yakho: Ukuba ubhalisela "umgaqo-nkqubo wokukhubazeka" ongenagxininiso, inkampani yomshuwalense ayikwazi ukuguqula iiprayimari okanye iinzuzo zakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ubhalisela "umgaqo-nkqubo oqinisekisiwe", inkampani yomshuwalense ivumelekile ukutshintsha ii-premiums zakho, kodwa kuphela xa ziguqula iqela elipheleleyo labaphathi-nkqubo. I-coverage engcono kakhulu iza neeplani ezingabonwayo kwaye ziqinisekisiwe zivuselelwe, kodwa ezo zicwangciso nazo ziba neeprayimari eziphezulu.
Ukungafihli: Imigaqo-nkqubo emininzi ayiyi kuguba ukukhubazeka okubangelwa iinzame zokuzibulala, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi, imfazwe, okanye iinzame zokwenza ulwaphulo-mthetho. Iimeko ezikhoyo ngaphambili zihlala zikhutshwa ngaphandle. Ukulimala kwamathuba emisebenzi, okubanjelwe yintlawulo yemphuwalense yabasebenzi yomshuwalense kunoko, awanakutyalwa.
Indlela yokufumana i-inshorensi yokukhubazeka kwexesha elifutshane
Ukubhalisela iSicwangciso seQela
Umqeshi wakho unokunikezela isicwangciso sokukhubazeka kwexesha elifutshane njengenzuzo yokuxhamla umsebenzi. Ukuba inkampani yakho inika i-inshorensi yokukhubazeka kwexesha elifutshane, ungabhalisela kwisicwangciso ngexesha lokubhalisa lokuqala (xa uqala ukufumana izibonelelo), okanye ngexesha lokubhalisa lonyaka ovulekileyo lomqeshi.
Unokufuneka ufumane ingxelo phantsi komgaqo-nkqubo malunga nexesha elithile ngaphambi kokuba imeko ekhoyo ngaphambili ihlanganiswe (eyaziwa njengexesha lokukhuphela). I-ACA iphelile ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elilindelekileyo lokulinda ixesha kunye nokungafunyanwa kwiinshorensi zezempilo, kodwa ayitshintshanga imigaqo ephathelene ne-inshorensi yokukhubazeka. Iinkcukacha malunga nendlela iimeko eziphambili ezenziwe ngayo ziya kuba yinkcazelo ye-inshorensi yokukhubazeka efutshane esifutshane ngumqeshi wakho, ngoko qi niseka ukuba ufunde ukushicilelwa okulungileyo.
Imigaqo malunga ne-inshorensi yokukhubazeka kwexesha elifutshane ivela kummandla ukuya kwilizwe. Ukuba ucinga ukuba inkampani yakho okanye i-insurer ayikunyanga, jonga kwiSebe lakho le-inshurensi yelizwe. Unokufikelela kwiSebe lakho le-inshurensi yelizwe ngokusebenzisa iwebhusayithi ye-National Association of Commissioners Insurance.
Ukubhalisela i-Individual Policy
Ukuba uqeshwe okanye usebenzela umqeshi onganikezeli ngomshuwalense wexesha elide lokukhubazeka, unokufuna ukucinga ngokuthenga umgaqo ngamnye. Kuya kufuneka ufumane unyango lokubhaliweyo ukuze ufumane isicwangciso sokukhubazeka esifutshane (kwakhona, i-ACA ayitshintshanga nantoni na ngale nto; umshuwalense wezempilo uqinisekisiwe ngaphandle kwembali yonyango, kodwa inkokontho yokukhubazeka ayikho). Xa uthengela umgaqo-nkqubo ngamnye, khangela inkampani ehloniphekileyo kwaye uqiniseke ukuba ufunde zonke iinkcukacha zomgaqo-nkqubo wakho.
Unokufumana izilinganiso zababoneleli nge-inshurensi kwiiwebhusayithi ezilandelayo:
- Moody's
- AM Best
> Imithombo:
> Izibonelelo zokukhubazeka 101.
> Isevisi yangaphakathi yeNgeniso, iSaziso 2015-87 Isaziso 2015-87.
> I-United States Isebe Lemisebenzi, i-FMLA (Ikhefu lezeNtsapho kunye nezoNyango).