Ngomnyaka ka-2003, urhulumente wombuso wenzelwe uhlobo olutsha lwe-akhawunti, ebizwa ngokuba yi-akhawunti yokulondoloza impilo (HSA), ukwenza kube lula kwabanye abantu ukuba bafumane i-inshurensi yezempilo. Abo bafanelekile banokunciphisa iiprojama ze-inshorensi yezempilo kunye nokugcina iirhafu zeerhafu.
Ii-HSA zidibanisa uludwe lwezinye i-akhawunti ezibekele eceleni, ezingasisindisa uxanduva lweentlawulo kwiindleko ezithile.
Okokuqala, i-akhawunti yokuchithwa kwemali (FSA) ikuvumela ukuba ubeke eceleni izinto ezibalulekileyo ezifana nezindleko zempilo okanye ukunakekelwa kwamasango. Ii-akhawunti zokulondoloza unyango nazo ziyafumaneka kwabanye abantu. Kodwa ezo zombini zee-akhawunti, ekupheleni konyaka, ukuba awuzange uchithe imali oyilondolozayo, ngoko uyayilahla. Ngenxa yolawulo olulahlekileyo, abaninzi abantu abanakuqwalasela ukubeka ezo ntlobo zeakhawunti. Kutheni babeya kuba mngcipheko wokulahlekelwa imali yabo?
Yingakho i-akhawunti yokulondoloza impilo ingaba luncedo kakhulu. Yindlela yokugcina imali ukuba isetyenziswe kwiindleko zempilo, ukwazi ukuba imali ayiyi kuphinda ilahlekelwe nje ngenxa yokuba ingasetyenziswanga ngoDisemba 31.
Ii-HSA zisetyenzisene kunye neMicandelo le-inshurensi yezempilo ephezulu
Kuphela umntu okhetha i -insured-high-deductible okanye inhlekelele yemphuwalense yezempilo inokusebenzisa inzuzo ye-HSA. Njengoko iiproyamu ze-inshorensi zempilo zenyuka, iiplani eziphezulu ezidityanisiweyo zinikezwa ngabaqeshi.
Ziyakwazi ukuba zifumaneke kulabo abazisebenzisayo, kunye nabo bafanele bathenge inshuwalense nganye.
Isicwangciso se-inshurensi ephakamileyo esiphathekayo siyalawula iiprayimari zenyanga eziphantsi. Ngenxa yokuba i- deductible iphakamileyo, i- premium yenyanga iyaphantsi .
Ngoko ke, ingcamango yokukhetha isicwangciso esicatshulwa phezulu, ukuhlawula i-premium engaphantsi kwe-inshurensi, kwaye ubeke umehluko kwi-HSA ukuhlawula inkathalo leyo i-inshurensi ayiyi kubhalwa.
Imali igcinwa kwi-dollar engaphambi kweerhafu ukwenzela ukuba akukho ntlawulo yengeniso ihlawulwa kula ma-dollar.
Kuphakame kangakanani ukuba i-inshurensi idityaniswe imfuneko? Ngo-2014, umntu kufuneka akhethe icebo kunye ne-deductible ye-$ 1,250 okanye ngaphezulu. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwentsapho kufuneka kube ngu-2 500.
Umzekelo Wendlela i-HSA isebenza ngayo
Yithi unokhetho phakathi kwiplani echithwayo ye-$ 500 ebiza i-$ 1,000 ngenyanga okanye i-$ 2,500 isicwangciso esingenakucala esenza i-$ 500 ngenyanga. Kuzama ukukhetha i-premium engezantsi, kodwa ukwethusa ukucinga ngokutshatyalaliswa nokufuna ukuhlawula i-$ 2,500 kwi-pocket. Ngoko ukhethe loo mali ephezulu kunye ne-premium yayo engaphantsi, ugcine i-$ 2,500 ngonyaka ngonyaka we-HSA usebenzisa i-dollar engaphambili. Iya kukugcina imali engamakhulu angama-dollar kwiirhafu, kunye kunye uya kufumana i-akhawunti yokulondoloza nayiphi na iindleko zonyango lwezempilo.
Imali ngowakho ukugcina unyaka nonyaka kwaye iphathekayo kumqeshi ukuya kumqeshi, okanye indawo ukuya kwindawo de ukufuna ukuyihoxisa iindleko zakho zonyango. Ngeke ilahlekelwe ngenxa yokungasebenzisi. Ukongezelela, awukhe uhlawule irhafu kuloo mali ngelixa lisetyenziselwa kuphela iindleko zonyango.
Njengoko ufumana iindleko zonyango ezifanelekileyo, nantoni na ekugqityweni kwegqirha ukuya kuvavanyo lwezonyango, kwiimithi zonyango, nakwezinye iifom zezobisi, ungasebenzisa imali kwi-HSA yakho nje kuphela xa ungahlawulwanga yinshurensi yakho yempilo .
Okuhle nokubi
Ii-HSA zikhethekileyo kubantu abathile, kodwa zingabalulekanga kwabanye. Ukuba unyango lwezempilo aluyona indleko enkulu kuwe, i-HSA inokusebenza kakuhle. Uza kutshintshe ubuninzi beedola zempilo yakho kwimali ongayigcina kwaye uyisebenzise kamva xa uyayidinga ngempela. Uya kuthumela ngaphantsi kwiinkampani zomshuwalense apho ziya kutshabalala xa zingasetyenziswa.
Uninzi lwabantu abanamaxabiso aphezulu olonyango aluzukufumana ithuba lokusebenzisa i-HSA. Ngokuqhelekileyo iiplani ezichithwayo eziphezulu zihamba kunye neefowuni eziphezulu kunye neminye imida, ngoko ke nayiphi na inzuzo ngokusebenzisa i-HSA ilahlekile kwiindleko.
Kusenokuba kukho inzuzo yentela. Uya kufuneka uchithe ezinye iinombolo okanye uthethe umcebisi wakho werhafu ukuba ubone ukuba i-HSA iya kukugcina imali.
Ukumisa i-akhawunti yokulondoloza kulula kakhulu. Zinikezwa ngabanye abaqeshi, kodwa mhlawumbi uya kufumana inkampani yakho yenkampani yomshuwalense, ibhanki, umanyano weentengo zemali okanye amanye amaziko emali aza kukubeka.
Njengokuba kunjalo kwezi zininzi zezi cwangciso, kukho imimiselo emininzi nemingcele malunga nokuba ngubani onokuthatha inxaxheba, onokufaka isandla kwiakhawunti yakho, ukuba imali ingasetyenziselwa njani, kwaye ingaba ingakanani inokugcinwa okanye isetyenziswe. Buza umntu kumasebe omntu wakho kumsebenzi ukuba akuncede ngemithetho, kwaye uncede unqume ukuba i-HSA yenza ingqiqo kuwe.
Ukuba unemibuzo emininzi, urhulumente ubeke uluhlu oluhle lweziseko ze-HSA kunye nemibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo.