Ukudala iNkcubeko yoPhuculo oluPhuculo loMgangatho
Kukho ezininzi zokudideka kweendlela zokusebenzisa iindlela zokuphucula umgangatho kwiinkonzo zempilo. I-PDCA i-PDCA ingenye yezindlela zokuqala kunye nezona zide kakhulu ezisetyenziswa ekuphuculeni ikhwalithi yezempilo . Inokuchazwa kwimihla ngemihla, ngolwimi oluqhelekileyo nolutholakalayo.
Inkqubo yeNkqubo kwiMpilo
Uphuculo lwenkqubo lujolise ekupheliseni inkunkuma kunye nokucwangcisa iinkqubo.
Uxinzelelo lujolise ekuboneleleni ngononophelo oluphezulu lwexabiso kwiindleko eziphantsi. Wonke umntu kwiinkonzo zeenkonzo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo kufuneka aqhube ukufikelela kule njongo. Izixhobo, iziyobisi, iimpahla kunye nezixhobo zonke kufuneka ziveliswe ngexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu. Kwiindawo zokulawula kunye neekliniki zesibhedlele okanye ikliniki, kukho amathuba amaninzi okunciphisa inkunkuma, kuquka:
- Ukuphucula amazinga abasebenzi.
- Ukuphepha iziphene zonyango.
- Ukuphepha ukusuleleka kwezempilo .
- Ukuphucula i-inventory ukwenzela ukuba iziyobisi kunye neempahla azipheli ngaphambi kokuba zisetyenziswe.
- Ukunciphisa amaxesha okulinda.
- Ukunciphisa ixesha lokuthutha.
Isicwangciso esilula
UWilliam Edwards Deming wadala i-FOCUS PDCA kwisivakalisi ukuze imibutho ibe nesicwangciso esilula sokuphelisa inkunkuma kwimveliso kunye neenkqubo zenkonzo. Oku kwakukuguquka okukhulu kwindlela endala yokucinga. Ngaphambi kokuba i-Deming iqale ukukholisa abantu ukuba bahlolisise inkqubo, iinkampani ngokuqhelekileyo zinomsebenzi wokulawula umgangatho wempendulo.
Okokuthi, inkqubo okanye inkonzo iya kwenzeka, kwaye sinethemba lokuba umntu uhlolisise umphumo waloo mzamo. Nantoni na into engazange ihlangabezane nomgangatho wokulinganisela uya kusebenza kwakhona. Ukugxininiswa kweDeming kwinkqubo kubonise abantu ukuba impembelelo enkulu kwi-inkunkuma ivela xa uqala ukuhla, ngokuqonda yonke inkqubo, kungekhona nje ukukhangela umphumo wokugqibela.
YINTONI YOKWENZA I-PDCA
Esi sikrama senza ipakisha ipakishe, nantsi oku kuthethwa ngayo:
F: Fumana inkqubo yokuphucula
O: Hlanganisa iqela eliyazi le nkqubo
C: Cacisa ulwazi lwangoku lwenkqubo
U: Qonda ukuhluka kunye nokukwazi kwenkqubo
S: Khetha isicwangciso sokuphucula okuqhubekayo
I-PDCA, isichazi soCwangciso, Yenza, Hlola, Umthetho, unikezela iqela umjikelo wokuphucula umgangatho oqhubekayo ukuvavanya izicwangciso zabo zokuphucula ngomnye, ngendlela elawulwayo, ukulinganisa iziphumo kunye nokuqhubela phambili ukuphucula. Qaphela ukuba ezinye imibutho zisebenzisa iPrama yesiqendu esikhundleni sokuba, iSicwangciso, Senze, Isifundo, Umthetho.
Ukuphucula iSampula
Ukusebenzisa umzekelo ukusebenza ngokusebenzisa uphuculo lwenkqubo usebenzisa i-FOCUS PDCA ibonakala ngathi:
- Fumana inkqubo yokuphucula: Inkqubo yokukhutshwa kwezibhedlele zokukhubazeka kwentliziyo ezingaphezu kweminyaka engama-65.
- Hlanganisa iqela elikwazi le nkqubo: Ingabandakanya uMlawuli oyiNtloko weCarology , unesi-cardiology, ulawulo.
- Cacisa ulwazi lwangoku lwenkqubo: Iqela lidibana ukudala i-flowchart okanye inkqubo yemephu.
- Qonda inkqubo: Iqela lilinganisa inkqubo--kukuchonga uluhlu lweenkcukacha, olukulo mzekelo: (1) yeyiphi ipesenti yezigulane ezinokukhubazeka kwentliziyo, ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala, zifakwe kwiintsuku ezingama-30? (2) kuthatha ixesha elingakanani abasebenzi ukuba bazalise lolu hlobo lwesigulane?
- Khetha into ekuphuculayo: Iqela likhetha ukunciphisa izinga lokufunda lokusuku lwama-30.
- Cwangciso: Isicwangciso sokuqala abakhethayo kukuba kusetyenziswe ukukhubazeka kwentliziyo engaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 kunye nenkqubo yempilo exhunyiwe ekuphumeni.
- Yenza: Iqela lisebenzisa eli tshintsho ngexesha lithile.
- Hlola: Iqela lilinganisa kwaye lihlolisise iziphumo zokungeniswa kwezempilo kwabo.
- UMthetho: Iqela lenza iziphumo. Ukuba ukungenelela kwenziwe, ke iqela ligcina le nkqubo entsha kwinkqubo yokukhutshwa kwayo. Basenokuthatha isenzo sokuzama ukuphucula izinga lokunciphisa izinga lokufunda lokugqibela lokugqibela lokugqibela. Ukuba uvavanyo aluzange luphuculwe amazinga omsebenzi wokufundwa kweentsuku ezingama-30, bazama enye imbono, kwaye bawuqhube nge-PDCA Cycle.
Izixhobo zokuphucula umgangatho
Zikhona ezinye, izixhobo ezinokubaluleka ngakumbi kunye neendlela ezifana ne-Six Sigma kunye ne- 5S Lean , zifuna ukuqeqeshwa okunzulu. Nangona kunjalo, i-Deming's FOCUS-PDCA yindawo enkulu yokuqala, ngokukodwa xa ufuna ukudala ukunqoba kwangaphambili ukufumana abantu ebhodini ngokwenza utshintsho ekuphuculeni.