Izicwangciso zempilo zabafundi zihlala zijikelezile, kodwa i-ACA iyitshintshe
Izicwangciso zempilo zabafundi sele zifumaneka njengeendlela zabafundi beekholejini ukuba bafumane i-inshorensi yezempilo. Uninzi lwabafundi luhlanganiswe phantsi kwesicwangciso sezempilo somzali, kodwa ngokudlulileyo, malunga neepesenti ezingama-20 zabafundi beekholeji abancediswanga. UMthetho woNonophelo ojongene noThutho ongenakunceda ufikeleleke ukufikelela kwabafundi kwaye uphinde uguqule izicwangciso ze-inshorensi zempilo ezifundiswa ziiyunivesithi.
Nantsi oku ku funeka ukwazi:
Iiprogram ze-inshorensi zempilo zengcali kufuneka zibe zihambelana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zeemarike ze-ACA (kodwa zikhona ezinye izinto ezingenanto, ezichazwe ngezantsi). Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka bahlawulele ii-benefits eziyimfuneko zezempilo kungabikho mivuzo yonyaka okanye i-maximums benefit (ukuvinjelwa kwemida yokufumana inzuzo kwasebenza emva koko kwizicwangciso zempilo zabafundi ngaphandle kweminye imarike nganye kodwa iphela ngo-2014), kwaye ngonyaka iindleko zeefowuni zithathwa .
I-AC-preA, ama-maximums ahlawulayo amanqanaba aphantsi kwaye aphila ngokuqhelekileyo ayeqhelekileyo kwizicwangciso zempilo zabafundi. U-Arijit Guha, owadlula ngo-2013, wayenesicwangciso sempilo somfundi kwiYunivesithi yaseArizona State nge-300,000 yexesha lokufumana inzuzo yokuphila, eyayidibana nayo kwangoko kunyango lwakhe. Iziganeko ezinjengeGuha azange zenzeke, njengoko isicwangciso sezempilo sabafundi asikwazi ukuwuthabatha imali abaza kuhlawula ngayo ngenxa yeemfuno zezempilo ezibalulekileyo.
Ngama- Parameters eNzuzo ye- 2017 kunye ne-Payment Parameters , i-HHS icacise iinkalo ezimbini ze-ACA ezingasetyenziswa kwizicwangciso zempilo zabafundi:
- Izicwangciso zempilo zabafundi akufuneki zihlanganiselwe kwisitya esisodwa somngcipheko kwiphondo, kwaye umphathisi-mhlaba akafanele adibanise amachibi omngcipheko kuzo zonke izicwangciso zempilo zabafundi kwilizwe. Isicwangciso sezempilo somfundi esikolweni sinokukwazi ukufumana isakhelo samanzi, okanye sinokuhlulwa ngokwendlela engathembeki kwiimeko zempilo (umz
- Ngomgaqo-nkqubo ukususela ngomhla ka-1 ku-Julayi 1, 2016, izicwangciso zempilo zabafundi akufanele zifake kwiindawo ezincinci ze-actuarial (AV) ezichazwe yi-ACA (oko kukuthi, izicwangciso zethusi zibe ne-AV phakathi kwama-58 no-62 ekhulwini, iiplani zesilivere zi-AV phakathi kweepesenti ezingama-68 no-72, njl.). Esikhundleni saloo nto, kufuneka ukuba babe ne-AV engenani engama-60 (ubuncinci ubuncinane ama-60 ekhulwini kwiindleko eziphakathi), kodwa i-AV yabo ingaba nayiphi na inombolo phakathi kwama-60 no-100, kunokuba ifune ukuhambelana neentlobo ze-AV ezichazwe kwizicwangciso zezinga leziseko ACA.
2. Iikholeji kunye neeyunivesithi zinokunika iiprogram ze-inshorensi zempilo yabantwana kodwa azifuneki ukuba zenze njalo (phawula ukuba kufuneka ukuba banikeze i-inshurensi yezempilo kubasebenzi babo - kodwa kungekhona abafundi babo - ukuba ngaba ngabafundi abangama-50 okanye ngaphezulu abalinganayo) . Ngo-2007-2008, izicwangciso zempilo zabafundi zanikezwa ngamaphesenti angama-57 eekholeji , nangona zanyuka ukuya kuma-82 ekhulwini xa sasiqwalasela kuphela izikolo ezikarhulumente ezine.
Ngoku ukuba i-ACA idale ezinye iinjongo zabafundi ukufumana i-inshorensi yempilo - kwaye yandisa intengo yempilo yomshuwalense wezempilo ngenxa yezigunyaziso ezisebenza kwi-coverage - ezinye izikolo ziye zagqiba ekubeni ziyeke ukunika izicwangciso ze-inshorensi zempilo. Oku kubandakanya izikolo ezikhethileyo ukuyeka ukubonelela i-inshurensi yempilo yengqesho ngenxa ye-ACA imfuneko yokuba izicwangciso zezempilo mazibekele i-contraceptive.
3. Ukongezelela kwizicwangciso zempilo zabafundi ezibonelelwa zizikolo, zikho ezinye iindlela ezininzi abafundi abanokufumana i-inshurensi yezempilo , eninzi ephakanyiswe yi-ACA:
- Abantu abadala abaselula bayavunyelwa ukuba bahlale kwisicwangciso se-inshurensi yempilo yomzali de bafike kwi-26 (oku kusebenzayo enoba bafunda esikolweni). Kubafundi abaninzi, esi siyisisombululo esihle, kodwa kukho iiproveats zokuqonda: Isicwangciso somzali asifuneki ukuhlawula inzuzo yabantwana abaxhomekeke kubantwana, kwaye icebo lomzali lingenakuquka ababoneleli benethiwekhi kwindawo apho umfundi ehamba esikolweni. Kwakhona, kuxhomekeke ekubeni umzali ukhokhelela phi iiprayimari emva kokuba nayiphi na iminikelo yomqeshi, inokuba yindleko eninzi kwintsapho ukuba umfundi athenge enye inshuwalense yezempilo okanye abhalise kwisicwangciso sezempilo somfundi. Akukho bukhulu bomntu obufanayo-yonke impendulo.
- Ukulungelelaniswa kweMilicaid kuye kwandiswa phantsi kwe-ACA , kwaye i-30 ithi kunye ne-DC (kwaye kungekudala, eLouanaana) sele iphumelele izikhokelo ezintsha zokufaneleka. Kuloo miba, ukufumana ingqalelo kwintlawulo yekhaya ukuya kuma-138 ekhulwini kwintlupheko, eyi-$ 16,394 ngo-2016 ngomntu omnye. Ukuba ngaba abazali bakho bathi bakuxhomekeke kubo, nangona kunjalo, ingeniso yabo iya kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufaneleka (kwimeko apho, ubungakanani bomhlaba bonke buza kusekelwe kwinani labantu abathi babenze ukubuyela kwerhafu).
- Inkxaso-mali ye-Premium yokunciphisa iindleko zempilo yomshuwalense yempilo iyatholakala kuwo wonke urhulumente, ngokutshintshiselana (inqaku lokuba inkxaso ingasetyenziswanga ukuthenga i-inshurensi yempilo efundiswa zizikolo). Ukuxhaswa kwemali kuxhomekeke kumvuzo wekhaya lomfaki sicelo. Abafundi banelungelo lokufumana inkxaso-mali (becinga ukuba bafanelekile ngokusekelwe kwingeniso) kungakhathaliseki ukuba isikolo sabo sinikeza i-inshurensi yempilo yabantwana . Ukuxhaswa kuqinisekisa ukuba indleko yesicwangciso sesilivere ayikho ngaphezu kwepesenti ekhethiwe ngaphambili yomvuzo wendlu yomfaki sicelo. Iinkxaso ziyafumaneka kubafaki-sicelo abangenakufaneleka kwiMedicaid kunye nabangenayo imali engama-100 ekhulwini lobuhlwempu, kodwa akukho ngaphaya kwama-400 ekhulwini lehlwempu (ngo-2016, umgaqo-nkqubo wezobuhlwempu ngo-2015). Njengoko kulungelelaniswa neMedicaid, umvuzo wekhaya wabafundi uquka inzala yonke yengeniso yentsapho ukuba umfundi ubalwa njengomxhomekeke kwerhafu.
- Abaqeshi abanama-50 okanye abongezelelweyo bexesha elizeleyo basebenzi kufuneka ukuba banikeze i-inshurensi yempilo efikelelekayo kwixesha labo elipheleleyo (ubuncinane kwiiyure ezingama-30 ngeveki) , okanye bahlawule isohlwayo. Ngoko, kubafundi beekholeji abasebenzela ixesha elipheleleyo lomqeshi omkhulu, i- inshurensi yempilo ngokuqinisekileyo inikwe ngabaqeshi babo .
4. Ezinye izicwangciso zempilo ezithengiswa kubafundi azihambisani ne-ACA . Oku kubandakanya izicwangciso zexesha elifutshane kunye nezicwangciso zokuphuhlisa izifo . Kungenxa yokuba izixhobo zokuthengisa izicwangciso zibiza ukuba zilungele kakuhle abafundi abazenzayo izicwangciso zempilo zabafundi.
5. Intsholongwane yempilo yomshuwalense ayiyithathwa njengequmrhu le-inshorensi yezempilo, kwaye oku kuchaphazela abafundi abaphumeleleyo abafumana i-premium repumement ye-inshurensi yempilo yabantwana . Ngaphantsi kwemimiselo eyaqala ukusebenza ngo-2014 (kodwa yabulewe kwaze kwafika ngo-2015 ), abaqeshi abavunyelwe ukubuyiselwa kwabasebenzi kwiipresimenti zomshuwalense ngamnye. Iimanyuvesi azivunyelwanga ukuba zihlawule iiproyamu zempilo zee-inshurensi zempilo zabasebenzi bazo ngexesha elipheleleyo (ekubeni izicwangciso zempilo zabafundi aziqwalaselwe njengengxelo yeqela), kodwa kukho ukudideka malunga nendlela oku kusebenza ngayo ngokumalunga nabafundi abaye benza umsebenzi wesikolo.
Iiyunivesithi ezininzi zibonelela abafundi (ngokubanzi abafundi abaphumelele) kunye nezifundo, kwaye abafundi bakhonza njengabancedisi bokufundisa nabancedisi bophando. Ukongeza kwi-reimbursement yezifundo kunye neendleko zokugubungula iindleko zokuphila, kwaye kwaqhelekileyo kwiiyunivesithi ukuhlawula konke okanye inxalenye ye-premium ye-graduum student under plan's health plan plan. Ngaphantsi kwemimiselo evimbela umvuzo wokuqhawula umqeshi weprayimari ngamanye, isohlwayo sokungathobeli i-$ 100 ngosuku, ngomqeshwa ngamnye (okt, ukuya kuma-36,500 wamawaka ngonyaka, ngomqeshwa ngamnye).
Ngokucacileyo, umbuzo uba ngaba ngabancedisi bokuphanda abaphumeleleyo kunye nabancedisi bokufundisa abagqibeleleyo ngabaqeshwa, nokuba ingaba iyunivesiti iyasebenza ngokubanjelwa ukubuyiselwa iipresimesi zezempilo ezingabikho kwiqela lemali ngokuhlawula inxalenye yeeprayimari zabafundi. NgoFebruwari 2016, i-IRS yashicilele iSaziso 2016-17 , esinika uncedo lwenguqu kwiiyunivesithi ezihlawula iiprimiyamu ze-inshurensi zempilo yabantwana egameni labafundi abaphumelele nabo basebenza esikolweni. Kwiplani leminyaka eya kuqala ngaphambi kweJanuwari 1, 2017, i-IRS ayiyi kuthatha isenzo ngokuya kwesi sikolo sohlobo (ngoko isicwangciso sonyaka esilandela ikhalenda yonyaka wezifundo ka-2016-2017 siya kuthotyelwa nangona isikolo sihlawulela iiproyeyam zomshuwalense zempilo yabantwana).